(中译英)当然，与此同时,生产者必须作出努力，只生产最易坏的东西。

(中译英)大部分时间你就像条鱼，你自由地四处闲游，突然间大钩子伸进你的嘴里,你被钓住了。

(中译英)如果你一辈子都拒绝吊在眼前的诱饵，那就根本算不上活着了。

(中译英)我生活中的每一天都必将遇到麻烦，因为麻烦总会有，以后还会有。

(中译英)离开他一段距离,在运河边上还有一个孤独的垂钓者。但亚瑟知道他们会互不干扰……。

(中译英)最糟糕的神经质莫过于那种产生于内疚感，而又无力进行改变的神经质了。

(中译英)我真没必要把有思想的美国人感到的处于崩溃边缘的领域列举出来，只要把视角集中在教育上就足够了。

(中译英)人们都认为美国青年既是发现病症的前锋，也是找到疗法的先驱。

(中译英)我并不是在说美国人应该静坐观望，静等这样一小段不信任和绝望的时期会自己解决掉。此时此地的美国人有权利使自己的生活质量得到提高，而他们自己必须做出努力。人们一到晚上就不敢上街是不正常的，他们有时怕警察就和他们怕犯罪一样也是不正常的,二者竟然像是镜子中的影子一样地相似。

Answer the following essay question in English within 80~ 100 words. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.(1)“Finagle”(v.使用欺骗手段) is not word that most people associate with science. One reason why science is so respected these days is that the image of the scientist is of one who collects data in an impartial search for truth. In any debate-over intelligence,schooling, bias, energy——the phrase "science says" usually crushes the opposition.(2)But scientists have long acknowledged the existence of a "finagle factor comes from Stephen Jay Gould, a Harvard biologist. who has examined the important 19th century work of Pr. Samuel George Morton."(3)Morton was famous in his time not only for gathering a huge collection of skulls but also analyzing the brain size, as a measure of intelligence. He concluded that Whites had the largest brains, that the brains of Indians and Blacks were smaller and therefore, that Whites make up a superior race.(4)Gould went back to Morton's original data and concluded that the results were an example of the finagle at work. "I have reanalyzed Morton's data," Gould wrote last week in the journal SCIENCE, "and I find that they are a mixture of assumption and finagling, controlled, probably unconsciously, by his prejudiced way of ranking一his folks on top and slaves on the bottom."(5)Morton reached his conclusions, Gould found, by leaving out embarrassing data, using incorrect procedures, making simple arithmetical mistakes(always in his favor) and changing his criteria again, always in favour of his argument.(6)Left alone, that finding would not be particularly disturbing. Morton has been thoroughly discredited by now. Scientists do not believe that brain size reflects intelligence, and Morton s brand of raw racism is out of style.(7)But Gould goes on to say that Morton's story is only "a noticeable example of a common problem in scientific world."Some of the leading figures in science are believed to have used the finagle factor.(8)One of them is Gregor Mendel, the Bohemian monk whose work is the foundation of modern genetics. The success of Mendel s work was based on finding a three-to-one ratio in the dominant recessive characteristics of hybrid plants he was breeding. He found that ratio. But scientists recently have gone back to his data and have found that the results are literally too good to be true. Like Morton, Mendel gave himself the benefit of the doubt. (Held that the conclusion he arrived at was correct if it couldn't be proved wrong). So, apparently，did Isaac Newton. Gould says that "Newton put the data together falsely to support at least three central statements that he could not prove."(9)And so, apparently, did Clandius Ptolemy, the Greek astronomer whose master work, the ALMAGEST, summed up the case for a solar system that had the earth at its center. Recent studies indicate that Ptolemy either faked some key data or resorted heavily to the finagle factor.(10)All this is important because the finagle factor is still at work. In the saccharin controversy (argument, dispute). for example, it was remarked that all the studies sponsored by the diet food industry found nothing wrong with saccharin.(11)No one suggested that the scientists were dishonest ； it was just that they quite naturally had a strong tendency to find data that would support their beliefs. The same tendency is observable in almost every controversial area of science today一the fight over race and intelligence,the argument about nuclear energy, and so on.(12)It is only occasionally that the finagle factor turns into pure dishonesty. One example seems to be the research of Cyril Burt. the British scientist whose studies were used to support the belief that intelligence is mostly inherited. It now appears that Burt invented not only a good part of his results but also made up two co-workers whose names appear on his scientific papers.(13) The moral that Gould draws from his study of Morton is not that scientists are wicked but that they are just human beings, like the rest of us. and so should be subject to doubt like the rest of us."The culprit in this tale is a native belief that pure objectivity can be attained by human beings rooted in-cultural traditions of shared belief and a consequent failure of self-examination." Gould said.(14)In other words, listen to what science has to say,but never get far away from a grain of salt.What attitude should we hold toward scientists and science?