Postage stamps are labels affixed to letters or parcels to indicate that a specified amount of postage has been prepaid for delivery. Stamps are usually issued by a government or an agency representing a government, such as a national post office. The collecting and study of postage stamps and related items such as postcards is known as philately, a word derived from Greek meaning,literallyt “love of what is free of further tax. "Stamp collecting is one of the most popular hobbies in the world.From the earliest years of the hobby, most philatelists have preferred to collect stamps by country,specializing in the issues of one or more nations. Since about the mid-1950s,however, many philatelists have become interested in topical collecting acquiring stamps illustrating certain themes or subjects. Among the wide range of pictorials are stamps devoted to sports9art and music.aviation,birds and flowers,and telecommunications.One of the attractions of stamp collecting is the ease of starting a collection. With access to enough incoming maiUespecially from abroad,a person can build a collection without any expense. Literally tens of thousands of stamps,however, including many of the older issues, are priced very cheaply.Little special equipment is required. A collector needs only an album to house the collection and a pair of stamp tongs with which to handle them. Stamps and accessories can be purchased easily. Nearly every city has one or more professional stamp dealers. Thousands of other dealers operate exclusively by mail or on the Internet.When collectors have accumulated a number of valuable stamps,they must take precautions for safe storage,preferably in a bank safety deposit box. If the stamps are in mint（崭新的）condition, they should not be overlapped； through changes in humidity, overlapping stamps may stick together and become seriously damaged. Collectors also should keep accurate written inventories of all their philatelic material.In the 1st paragraph,"philately" is a term dealing with ______.

Postage stamps are labels affixed to letters or parcels to indicate that a specified amount of postage has been prepaid for delivery. Stamps are usually issued by a government or an agency representing a government, such as a national post office. The collecting and study of postage stamps and related items such as postcards is known as philately, a word derived from Greek meaning,literallyt “love of what is free of further tax. "Stamp collecting is one of the most popular hobbies in the world.From the earliest years of the hobby, most philatelists have preferred to collect stamps by country,specializing in the issues of one or more nations. Since about the mid-1950s,however, many philatelists have become interested in topical collecting acquiring stamps illustrating certain themes or subjects. Among the wide range of pictorials are stamps devoted to sports9art and music.aviation,birds and flowers,and telecommunications.One of the attractions of stamp collecting is the ease of starting a collection. With access to enough incoming maiUespecially from abroad,a person can build a collection without any expense. Literally tens of thousands of stamps,however, including many of the older issues, are priced very cheaply.Little special equipment is required. A collector needs only an album to house the collection and a pair of stamp tongs with which to handle them. Stamps and accessories can be purchased easily. Nearly every city has one or more professional stamp dealers. Thousands of other dealers operate exclusively by mail or on the Internet.When collectors have accumulated a number of valuable stamps,they must take precautions for safe storage,preferably in a bank safety deposit box. If the stamps are in mint（崭新的）condition, they should not be overlapped； through changes in humidity, overlapping stamps may stick together and become seriously damaged. Collectors also should keep accurate written inventories of all their philatelic material.According to the passage♦ stamps can be classified ______.

Postage stamps are labels affixed to letters or parcels to indicate that a specified amount of postage has been prepaid for delivery. Stamps are usually issued by a government or an agency representing a government, such as a national post office. The collecting and study of postage stamps and related items such as postcards is known as philately, a word derived from Greek meaning,literallyt “love of what is free of further tax. "Stamp collecting is one of the most popular hobbies in the world.From the earliest years of the hobby, most philatelists have preferred to collect stamps by country,specializing in the issues of one or more nations. Since about the mid-1950s,however, many philatelists have become interested in topical collecting acquiring stamps illustrating certain themes or subjects. Among the wide range of pictorials are stamps devoted to sports9art and music.aviation,birds and flowers,and telecommunications.One of the attractions of stamp collecting is the ease of starting a collection. With access to enough incoming maiUespecially from abroad,a person can build a collection without any expense. Literally tens of thousands of stamps,however, including many of the older issues, are priced very cheaply.Little special equipment is required. A collector needs only an album to house the collection and a pair of stamp tongs with which to handle them. Stamps and accessories can be purchased easily. Nearly every city has one or more professional stamp dealers. Thousands of other dealers operate exclusively by mail or on the Internet.When collectors have accumulated a number of valuable stamps,they must take precautions for safe storage,preferably in a bank safety deposit box. If the stamps are in mint（崭新的）condition, they should not be overlapped； through changes in humidity, overlapping stamps may stick together and become seriously damaged. Collectors also should keep accurate written inventories of all their philatelic material.One of the charms of stamp collecting is that it can be started ______.

Postage stamps are labels affixed to letters or parcels to indicate that a specified amount of postage has been prepaid for delivery. Stamps are usually issued by a government or an agency representing a government, such as a national post office. The collecting and study of postage stamps and related items such as postcards is known as philately, a word derived from Greek meaning,literallyt “love of what is free of further tax. "Stamp collecting is one of the most popular hobbies in the world.From the earliest years of the hobby, most philatelists have preferred to collect stamps by country,specializing in the issues of one or more nations. Since about the mid-1950s,however, many philatelists have become interested in topical collecting acquiring stamps illustrating certain themes or subjects. Among the wide range of pictorials are stamps devoted to sports9art and music.aviation,birds and flowers,and telecommunications.One of the attractions of stamp collecting is the ease of starting a collection. With access to enough incoming maiUespecially from abroad,a person can build a collection without any expense. Literally tens of thousands of stamps,however, including many of the older issues, are priced very cheaply.Little special equipment is required. A collector needs only an album to house the collection and a pair of stamp tongs with which to handle them. Stamps and accessories can be purchased easily. Nearly every city has one or more professional stamp dealers. Thousands of other dealers operate exclusively by mail or on the Internet.When collectors have accumulated a number of valuable stamps,they must take precautions for safe storage,preferably in a bank safety deposit box. If the stamps are in mint（崭新的）condition, they should not be overlapped； through changes in humidity, overlapping stamps may stick together and become seriously damaged. Collectors also should keep accurate written inventories of all their philatelic material.According to the passage, the new stamps should avoid ______.

Postage stamps are labels affixed to letters or parcels to indicate that a specified amount of postage has been prepaid for delivery. Stamps are usually issued by a government or an agency representing a government, such as a national post office. The collecting and study of postage stamps and related items such as postcards is known as philately, a word derived from Greek meaning,literallyt “love of what is free of further tax. "Stamp collecting is one of the most popular hobbies in the world.From the earliest years of the hobby, most philatelists have preferred to collect stamps by country,specializing in the issues of one or more nations. Since about the mid-1950s,however, many philatelists have become interested in topical collecting acquiring stamps illustrating certain themes or subjects. Among the wide range of pictorials are stamps devoted to sports9art and music.aviation,birds and flowers,and telecommunications.One of the attractions of stamp collecting is the ease of starting a collection. With access to enough incoming maiUespecially from abroad,a person can build a collection without any expense. Literally tens of thousands of stamps,however, including many of the older issues, are priced very cheaply.Little special equipment is required. A collector needs only an album to house the collection and a pair of stamp tongs with which to handle them. Stamps and accessories can be purchased easily. Nearly every city has one or more professional stamp dealers. Thousands of other dealers operate exclusively by mail or on the Internet.When collectors have accumulated a number of valuable stamps,they must take precautions for safe storage,preferably in a bank safety deposit box. If the stamps are in mint（崭新的）condition, they should not be overlapped； through changes in humidity, overlapping stamps may stick together and become seriously damaged. Collectors also should keep accurate written inventories of all their philatelic material.The writer's suggestion made in the last paragraph is basically ______.

From good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading. Our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold dear or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us・ but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement.One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences^ but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place,a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way； no airship or ocean liner or streamlined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our heart's desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains， brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert. all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood； we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards； we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture» the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.In the first paragraph, we are told that ______.

From good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading. Our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold dear or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us・ but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement.One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences^ but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place,a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way； no airship or ocean liner or streamlined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our heart's desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains， brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert. all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood； we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards； we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture» the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.Why is it that we sometimes forget our surroundings and even our identity while reading?

From good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading. Our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold dear or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us・ but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement.One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences^ but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place,a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way； no airship or ocean liner or streamlined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our heart's desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains， brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert. all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood； we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards； we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture» the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.Which of the following is true?

From good reading we can derive pleasure, companionship, experience, and instruction. A good book may absorb our attention so completely that for the time being we forget our surroundings and even our identity. Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life. It increases our contentment when we are cheerful, and lessens our troubles when we are sad. Whatever may be our main purpose in reading. Our contact with good books should never fail to give us enjoyment and satisfaction.With a good book in our hands we need never be lonely. Whether the characters portrayed are taken from real life or are purely imaginary, they may become our companions and friends. In the pages of books we can walk with the wise and the good of all lands and all times. The people we meet in books may delight us either because they resemble human friends whom we hold dear or because they present unfamiliar types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances. Our human friends sometimes may bore us・ but the friends we make in books need never weary us with their company. By turning the page we can dismiss them without any fear of hurting their feelings. When human friends desert us, good books are always ready to give us friendship, sympathy, and encouragement.One of the most valuable gifts bestowed by books is experience. Few of us can travel far from home or have a wide range of experiences^ but all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of books. Whether we wish to escape from the seemingly dull realities of everyday life or whether we long to visit some far-off place,a book will help us when nothing else can. To travel by book we need no bank account to pay our way； no airship or ocean liner or streamlined train to transport us; no passport to enter the land of our heart's desire. Through books we may get the thrill of hazardous adventure without danger. We can climb lofty mountains， brave the perils of an Antarctic winter, or cross the scorching sands of the desert. all without hardship. In books we may visit the studios of Hollywood； we may mingle with the gay throngs of the Paris boulevards； we may join the picturesque peasants in an Alpine village or the kindly natives on a South Sea island. Indeed, through books the whole world is ours for the asking. The possibilities of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. The beauties of nature, the enjoyment of music, the treasures of art, the triumphs of architecture» the marvels of engineering, are all open to the wonder and enjoyment of those who read.“...the whole world is ours for the askingnimplies that ______.

A number of different aspects of life can influence mental health. In a mid- 1970s study of people living in the United States, researchers identified critical areas that influence one s mental health. 1'hese areas are working life, family life.and the social role that one occupies in the community. Negative experiences in these areas• such as an unreasonable boss or a turbulent family life.can reduce one's overall sense of well-being.Another important influence on mental health is stress. In general, people experience stress when the demands placed on them exceed the resources they have available to meet those demands. Significant sources of stress include major life events- such as divorce, death of a spouse Joss of a job.and illness in the family. These events can overwhelm a person's a- bility to cope and function effectively. In addition.one source of stress may lead to another, as when financial hardship follows job loss. People who experience unusually traumatic e- vents,such as rape and natural disasters• may develop post-traumatic stress disorder.People may experience chronic stress when confronted with a continuing set of demands that reduce their ability to function. Examples of such demands include working long hours under difficult circumstances and caring for a chronically ill relative. Economic hardship, unemployment .and poverty can also produce chronic stress and undermine mental health.Some studies suggest that genetic factors may partly determine one s level of happiness and mental health. People seem to display a characteristic level of well-being, with some people usually feeling happy and others typically feeling sad or unhappy. Researchers have found that although people s moods change in response to both positive and negative events, the effect wears off over time. For example• people who win the lottery or receive an unexpected promotion may feel happier at first. but over time they return to their former characteristic level of mental health. Research suggests that one's genetic backgroundthat is.the genes inherited from one's parentsexplains more than half of the differences in people's characteristic mood levels. Genes may also partly determine the range of ups and downs that people feel.including whether people have large mood swings or remain stable from day to day.According to the passage< the major factors that may reduce one s sense of psychological well-being include all the following EXCEPT ______.