Passage ThreeAs the climate crisis gets worse, milions of people are being displaced - forced to leave their homes - due to environmental problems. These people, often called climate migrants or climate refugees(气候难民),face serious challenges. Some people abandon their homes because of sudden disasters like floods, hurricanes, or wildfires. Others must move because of slower changes like rising sea levels, which threaten the entire islands and coastal cities, or because droughts make it hard to grow food.One of the biggest problems for climate migrants is that they do not have legal status under international law. Current laws protect people who are fleeing their countries due to war, persecution(迫害),or violence.However,these laws do not include climate change as a reason for seeking refuge; therefore, climate migrants do not receive the same protections or access to help as refugees. Climate immigration on such a scale is quite a recent phenomenon. For this reason, many countries lack clear policies for helping people displaced by natural disasters.In response to this growing crisis, governments and organizations are working to provide aid and support to climate migrants. Humanitarian groups like the Red Cross and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) are providing food, shelter, and medical care to people displaced by extreme weather events.These organizations play a key role in helping people recover after disasters, but long-lasting solutions are needed as well.Some efforts focus on adaptation, which means helping communities prepare for the effects of climate change. For example,in areas where floods are likely to happen, building better flood defenses like strategic dams and stronger river banks, can allow people to stay in their homes. In drought-affected regions,introducing new types of crops that can survive with less water may help farmers continue to grow food. However, many communities lack the resources to implement these solutions on a large scale, so international support is needed. Another form of aid is resettlement programs, which allow climate migrants to move to other countries. However, these programs are often small and do not help enough people.【问题】What does the writer imply by mentioning the UNHCR?

Passage ThreeAs the climate crisis gets worse, milions of people are being displaced - forced to leave their homes - due to environmental problems. These people, often called climate migrants or climate refugees(气候难民),face serious challenges. Some people abandon their homes because of sudden disasters like floods, hurricanes, or wildfires. Others must move because of slower changes like rising sea levels, which threaten the entire islands and coastal cities, or because droughts make it hard to grow food.One of the biggest problems for climate migrants is that they do not have legal status under international law. Current laws protect people who are fleeing their countries due to war, persecution(迫害),or violence.However,these laws do not include climate change as a reason for seeking refuge; therefore, climate migrants do not receive the same protections or access to help as refugees. Climate immigration on such a scale is quite a recent phenomenon. For this reason, many countries lack clear policies for helping people displaced by natural disasters.In response to this growing crisis, governments and organizations are working to provide aid and support to climate migrants. Humanitarian groups like the Red Cross and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) are providing food, shelter, and medical care to people displaced by extreme weather events.These organizations play a key role in helping people recover after disasters, but long-lasting solutions are needed as well.Some efforts focus on adaptation, which means helping communities prepare for the effects of climate change. For example,in areas where floods are likely to happen, building better flood defenses like strategic dams and stronger river banks, can allow people to stay in their homes. In drought-affected regions,introducing new types of crops that can survive with less water may help farmers continue to grow food. However, many communities lack the resources to implement these solutions on a large scale, so international support is needed. Another form of aid is resettlement programs, which allow climate migrants to move to other countries. However, these programs are often small and do not help enough people.【问题】According to the writer, what is one challenge that makes it difficult to adapt to climate change?

Passage FourMany adults in developed countries don't get the recommended seven to nine hours of sleep per night, which can have serious health consequences. Sleeping less than six hours a night can weaken the immune system, increase the risk of certain cancers, and is linked to Alzheimer's disease. Just one week of insufficient sleep can disrupt blood sugar levels, leading to pre-diabetes. Short sleep also raises the risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and heart failure.Sleep deprivation can also affect appetite, increasing hunger and decreasing feelings of fullness, leading to weight gain.Dieting without enough sleep is futile(无效的),as the weight lost is often from lean body mass, not fat. The shorter your sleep, the shorter your life span is likely to be. The saying "'ll sleep when I'm dead" is not just an expression - it reflects a harmful mindset that can lead to a lower quality of life and even an earlier death.The Center for Disease Control has recognized insufficient sleep as a public health epidemic, and for good reason. The countries with the most significant decline in sleep duration over the past century are also those experiencing the highest increases in physical diseases and mental disorders. This correlation suggests that our collective sleep habits are taking a toll on both individual health and societal well-being.Scientists are urging medical professionals to prioritize sleep as part of their health advice, advocating for a shift in how sleep is viewed and prescribed within the healthcare system. The prescription for better health may be as simple as getting a good night's sleep. Unlike sleeping pills, which come with their own set of health risks, natural sleep is a safe, enjoyable, and cost-effective remedy that can significantly improve health outcomes and reduce the burden on healthcare systems.【问题】What is the main theme of the passage?

Passage FourMany adults in developed countries don't get the recommended seven to nine hours of sleep per night, which can have serious health consequences. Sleeping less than six hours a night can weaken the immune system, increase the risk of certain cancers, and is linked to Alzheimer's disease. Just one week of insufficient sleep can disrupt blood sugar levels, leading to pre-diabetes. Short sleep also raises the risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and heart failure.Sleep deprivation can also affect appetite, increasing hunger and decreasing feelings of fullness, leading to weight gain.Dieting without enough sleep is futile(无效的),as the weight lost is often from lean body mass, not fat. The shorter your sleep, the shorter your life span is likely to be. The saying "'ll sleep when I'm dead" is not just an expression - it reflects a harmful mindset that can lead to a lower quality of life and even an earlier death.The Center for Disease Control has recognized insufficient sleep as a public health epidemic, and for good reason. The countries with the most significant decline in sleep duration over the past century are also those experiencing the highest increases in physical diseases and mental disorders. This correlation suggests that our collective sleep habits are taking a toll on both individual health and societal well-being.Scientists are urging medical professionals to prioritize sleep as part of their health advice, advocating for a shift in how sleep is viewed and prescribed within the healthcare system. The prescription for better health may be as simple as getting a good night's sleep. Unlike sleeping pills, which come with their own set of health risks, natural sleep is a safe, enjoyable, and cost-effective remedy that can significantly improve health outcomes and reduce the burden on healthcare systems.【问题】Which of the following health issues is NOT mentioned as a consequence of sleeping less than six hours per night?

Passage FourMany adults in developed countries don't get the recommended seven to nine hours of sleep per night, which can have serious health consequences. Sleeping less than six hours a night can weaken the immune system, increase the risk of certain cancers, and is linked to Alzheimer's disease. Just one week of insufficient sleep can disrupt blood sugar levels, leading to pre-diabetes. Short sleep also raises the risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and heart failure.Sleep deprivation can also affect appetite, increasing hunger and decreasing feelings of fullness, leading to weight gain.Dieting without enough sleep is futile(无效的),as the weight lost is often from lean body mass, not fat. The shorter your sleep, the shorter your life span is likely to be. The saying "'ll sleep when I'm dead" is not just an expression - it reflects a harmful mindset that can lead to a lower quality of life and even an earlier death.The Center for Disease Control has recognized insufficient sleep as a public health epidemic, and for good reason. The countries with the most significant decline in sleep duration over the past century are also those experiencing the highest increases in physical diseases and mental disorders. This correlation suggests that our collective sleep habits are taking a toll on both individual health and societal well-being.Scientists are urging medical professionals to prioritize sleep as part of their health advice, advocating for a shift in how sleep is viewed and prescribed within the healthcare system. The prescription for better health may be as simple as getting a good night's sleep. Unlike sleeping pills, which come with their own set of health risks, natural sleep is a safe, enjoyable, and cost-effective remedy that can significantly improve health outcomes and reduce the burden on healthcare systems.【问题】According to the passage,how can just one week of insufficient sleep affect an individual's health?

Passage FourMany adults in developed countries don't get the recommended seven to nine hours of sleep per night, which can have serious health consequences. Sleeping less than six hours a night can weaken the immune system, increase the risk of certain cancers, and is linked to Alzheimer's disease. Just one week of insufficient sleep can disrupt blood sugar levels, leading to pre-diabetes. Short sleep also raises the risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and heart failure.Sleep deprivation can also affect appetite, increasing hunger and decreasing feelings of fullness, leading to weight gain.Dieting without enough sleep is futile(无效的),as the weight lost is often from lean body mass, not fat. The shorter your sleep, the shorter your life span is likely to be. The saying "'ll sleep when I'm dead" is not just an expression - it reflects a harmful mindset that can lead to a lower quality of life and even an earlier death.The Center for Disease Control has recognized insufficient sleep as a public health epidemic, and for good reason. The countries with the most significant decline in sleep duration over the past century are also those experiencing the highest increases in physical diseases and mental disorders. This correlation suggests that our collective sleep habits are taking a toll on both individual health and societal well-being.Scientists are urging medical professionals to prioritize sleep as part of their health advice, advocating for a shift in how sleep is viewed and prescribed within the healthcare system. The prescription for better health may be as simple as getting a good night's sleep. Unlike sleeping pills, which come with their own set of health risks, natural sleep is a safe, enjoyable, and cost-effective remedy that can significantly improve health outcomes and reduce the burden on healthcare systems.【问题】What does the sentence "the shorter your sleep, the shorter your life span is likely to be." (para.2) imply?

Passage FourMany adults in developed countries don't get the recommended seven to nine hours of sleep per night, which can have serious health consequences. Sleeping less than six hours a night can weaken the immune system, increase the risk of certain cancers, and is linked to Alzheimer's disease. Just one week of insufficient sleep can disrupt blood sugar levels, leading to pre-diabetes. Short sleep also raises the risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and heart failure.Sleep deprivation can also affect appetite, increasing hunger and decreasing feelings of fullness, leading to weight gain.Dieting without enough sleep is futile(无效的),as the weight lost is often from lean body mass, not fat. The shorter your sleep, the shorter your life span is likely to be. The saying "'ll sleep when I'm dead" is not just an expression - it reflects a harmful mindset that can lead to a lower quality of life and even an earlier death.The Center for Disease Control has recognized insufficient sleep as a public health epidemic, and for good reason. The countries with the most significant decline in sleep duration over the past century are also those experiencing the highest increases in physical diseases and mental disorders. This correlation suggests that our collective sleep habits are taking a toll on both individual health and societal well-being.Scientists are urging medical professionals to prioritize sleep as part of their health advice, advocating for a shift in how sleep is viewed and prescribed within the healthcare system. The prescription for better health may be as simple as getting a good night's sleep. Unlike sleeping pills, which come with their own set of health risks, natural sleep is a safe, enjoyable, and cost-effective remedy that can significantly improve health outcomes and reduce the burden on healthcare systems.【问题】What would be the best title for the passage?

Passage FiveRight now, somewhere in the world, Tom Turcich is walking. He started his hike in April 2015 and is still going.His intention is to walk across every continent in the world.Tom made the decision to travel the world after one of his close friends died at the age of 17. The tragedy encouraged Tom to make the most of his own life. He spent the next few years completing college and working to save money, and in 2015, he finally quit his job, packed a few belongings and set off on foot from his home in New Jersey, USA.He took a route south through the USA and Central America and down the west coast of South America. After that, he travelled to Antarctica and Europe aboard a ship, and he is currently walking across North Africa. From there, he'll hike east through Asia and Australia. Then he plans to fly to the west coast of the USA and cross that on foot,back towards his final destination, his home in New Jersey.Tom isn't walking alone. He picked up a dog called Savannah from an animal shelter in Texas. At first,he thought it would be useful to have a dog protecting him, but the two soon became perfect travel companions. He thought he would have trouble crossing borders with the dog,but he acquired a certificate proving that it was free of disease and since then the process has been surprisingly simple.Tom has encountered a number of difficulties on the way, such as walking across the mountains and volcanoes of Guatemala. They were so steep that he could only manage about 10 miles a day.Tom keeps a blog where he documents his travels and posts wonderful photographs that he has taken along the way. He had never been interested in photography before he started his trek but now loves the art form. He hopes that after returning to the USA,he will be able to work as a travel writer or photographer.【问题】What is the central theme of Tom Turcich's jourmey?

Passage FiveRight now, somewhere in the world, Tom Turcich is walking. He started his hike in April 2015 and is still going.His intention is to walk across every continent in the world.Tom made the decision to travel the world after one of his close friends died at the age of 17. The tragedy encouraged Tom to make the most of his own life. He spent the next few years completing college and working to save money, and in 2015, he finally quit his job, packed a few belongings and set off on foot from his home in New Jersey, USA.He took a route south through the USA and Central America and down the west coast of South America. After that, he travelled to Antarctica and Europe aboard a ship, and he is currently walking across North Africa. From there, he'll hike east through Asia and Australia. Then he plans to fly to the west coast of the USA and cross that on foot,back towards his final destination, his home in New Jersey.Tom isn't walking alone. He picked up a dog called Savannah from an animal shelter in Texas. At first,he thought it would be useful to have a dog protecting him, but the two soon became perfect travel companions. He thought he would have trouble crossing borders with the dog,but he acquired a certificate proving that it was free of disease and since then the process has been surprisingly simple.Tom has encountered a number of difficulties on the way, such as walking across the mountains and volcanoes of Guatemala. They were so steep that he could only manage about 10 miles a day.Tom keeps a blog where he documents his travels and posts wonderful photographs that he has taken along the way. He had never been interested in photography before he started his trek but now loves the art form. He hopes that after returning to the USA,he will be able to work as a travel writer or photographer.【问题】Which continent did Tom visit immediately after South America?

Passage FiveRight now, somewhere in the world, Tom Turcich is walking. He started his hike in April 2015 and is still going.His intention is to walk across every continent in the world.Tom made the decision to travel the world after one of his close friends died at the age of 17. The tragedy encouraged Tom to make the most of his own life. He spent the next few years completing college and working to save money, and in 2015, he finally quit his job, packed a few belongings and set off on foot from his home in New Jersey, USA.He took a route south through the USA and Central America and down the west coast of South America. After that, he travelled to Antarctica and Europe aboard a ship, and he is currently walking across North Africa. From there, he'll hike east through Asia and Australia. Then he plans to fly to the west coast of the USA and cross that on foot,back towards his final destination, his home in New Jersey.Tom isn't walking alone. He picked up a dog called Savannah from an animal shelter in Texas. At first,he thought it would be useful to have a dog protecting him, but the two soon became perfect travel companions. He thought he would have trouble crossing borders with the dog,but he acquired a certificate proving that it was free of disease and since then the process has been surprisingly simple.Tom has encountered a number of difficulties on the way, such as walking across the mountains and volcanoes of Guatemala. They were so steep that he could only manage about 10 miles a day.Tom keeps a blog where he documents his travels and posts wonderful photographs that he has taken along the way. He had never been interested in photography before he started his trek but now loves the art form. He hopes that after returning to the USA,he will be able to work as a travel writer or photographer.【问题】How did Tom acquire a dog named Savannah?