Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage 　The City of Melton has been awarded the UNESCO（联合国教科文组织） Learning City Award at UNESCO's 2nd International Conference on Learning Cities hosted by Mexico in September, 2015. The award was given in recognition of the City of Melton's efforts to develop a learning city and implement the UNESCO Key Features of Learning Cities through its Community Learning Plan. 　Melton City Council Mayor, Ms. Sophie Ramsey was proud to accept the award on behalf of the City of Melton. "It is a huge honour to receive the UNESCO Learning City Award and the fact that the City of Melton was selected as one of the case studies along with much larger cities such as Beijing, is evidence of the innovative work being done in Melton," the Mayor said. 　The UNESCO Institute of Lifelong Learning launched its publication, "Unlocking the Potential of Urban Communities: Case Studies of Twelve Learning Cities" at the conference. The first-of-its-kind publication highlights examples of cities from all over the world that use the Learning city approach to enhance citizens’ individual empowerment （权力） , social combination, economic development, cultural prosperity and sustainable development. 　At the conference, Ms. Ramsey participated in a strategic forum of Mayors from around the world. Ms. Ramsey emphasized the benefits of developing relationships internationally, highlighting the great potential for the City of Melton to attract and engage in international business delegations, education, cultural and knowledge exchanges. 　"We live in a global economy and we not only have a responsibility to provide opportunities for our residents, but to also be good global citizens:' she said. "The City of Melton is experiencing some of the fastest urban growth in the country, and with growth comes opportunity." Due to its growing international reputation for work in this area, Melton City Council was invited to be one of the conference presenters. While at the conference, the Mayor was also elected by the delegates to chair a committee of experts to draft the UNESCO Statement on Sustainable Learning Cities. This invitation which was later approved by the 600 plus delegates from over 90 nations participating in the conference reflected very positively on the Council's standing within the international learning community and was a significant honour for both the Council and the Mayor.What helped the City of Melton win the Learning City Award in 2015?

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage 　The City of Melton has been awarded the UNESCO（联合国教科文组织） Learning City Award at UNESCO's 2nd International Conference on Learning Cities hosted by Mexico in September, 2015. The award was given in recognition of the City of Melton's efforts to develop a learning city and implement the UNESCO Key Features of Learning Cities through its Community Learning Plan. 　Melton City Council Mayor, Ms. Sophie Ramsey was proud to accept the award on behalf of the City of Melton. "It is a huge honour to receive the UNESCO Learning City Award and the fact that the City of Melton was selected as one of the case studies along with much larger cities such as Beijing, is evidence of the innovative work being done in Melton," the Mayor said. 　The UNESCO Institute of Lifelong Learning launched its publication, "Unlocking the Potential of Urban Communities: Case Studies of Twelve Learning Cities" at the conference. The first-of-its-kind publication highlights examples of cities from all over the world that use the Learning city approach to enhance citizens’ individual empowerment （权力） , social combination, economic development, cultural prosperity and sustainable development. 　At the conference, Ms. Ramsey participated in a strategic forum of Mayors from around the world. Ms. Ramsey emphasized the benefits of developing relationships internationally, highlighting the great potential for the City of Melton to attract and engage in international business delegations, education, cultural and knowledge exchanges. 　"We live in a global economy and we not only have a responsibility to provide opportunities for our residents, but to also be good global citizens:' she said. "The City of Melton is experiencing some of the fastest urban growth in the country, and with growth comes opportunity." Due to its growing international reputation for work in this area, Melton City Council was invited to be one of the conference presenters. While at the conference, the Mayor was also elected by the delegates to chair a committee of experts to draft the UNESCO Statement on Sustainable Learning Cities. This invitation which was later approved by the 600 plus delegates from over 90 nations participating in the conference reflected very positively on the Council's standing within the international learning community and was a significant honour for both the Council and the Mayor.We can learn from what Ms. Ramsey said when receiving the award that_________ .

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage 　The City of Melton has been awarded the UNESCO（联合国教科文组织） Learning City Award at UNESCO's 2nd International Conference on Learning Cities hosted by Mexico in September, 2015. The award was given in recognition of the City of Melton's efforts to develop a learning city and implement the UNESCO Key Features of Learning Cities through its Community Learning Plan. 　Melton City Council Mayor, Ms. Sophie Ramsey was proud to accept the award on behalf of the City of Melton. "It is a huge honour to receive the UNESCO Learning City Award and the fact that the City of Melton was selected as one of the case studies along with much larger cities such as Beijing, is evidence of the innovative work being done in Melton," the Mayor said. 　The UNESCO Institute of Lifelong Learning launched its publication, "Unlocking the Potential of Urban Communities: Case Studies of Twelve Learning Cities" at the conference. The first-of-its-kind publication highlights examples of cities from all over the world that use the Learning city approach to enhance citizens’ individual empowerment （权力） , social combination, economic development, cultural prosperity and sustainable development. 　At the conference, Ms. Ramsey participated in a strategic forum of Mayors from around the world. Ms. Ramsey emphasized the benefits of developing relationships internationally, highlighting the great potential for the City of Melton to attract and engage in international business delegations, education, cultural and knowledge exchanges. 　"We live in a global economy and we not only have a responsibility to provide opportunities for our residents, but to also be good global citizens:' she said. "The City of Melton is experiencing some of the fastest urban growth in the country, and with growth comes opportunity." Due to its growing international reputation for work in this area, Melton City Council was invited to be one of the conference presenters. While at the conference, the Mayor was also elected by the delegates to chair a committee of experts to draft the UNESCO Statement on Sustainable Learning Cities. This invitation which was later approved by the 600 plus delegates from over 90 nations participating in the conference reflected very positively on the Council's standing within the international learning community and was a significant honour for both the Council and the Mayor.How many cities does the UNESCO publication study as examples of learning cities?

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage 　The City of Melton has been awarded the UNESCO（联合国教科文组织） Learning City Award at UNESCO's 2nd International Conference on Learning Cities hosted by Mexico in September, 2015. The award was given in recognition of the City of Melton's efforts to develop a learning city and implement the UNESCO Key Features of Learning Cities through its Community Learning Plan. 　Melton City Council Mayor, Ms. Sophie Ramsey was proud to accept the award on behalf of the City of Melton. "It is a huge honour to receive the UNESCO Learning City Award and the fact that the City of Melton was selected as one of the case studies along with much larger cities such as Beijing, is evidence of the innovative work being done in Melton," the Mayor said. 　The UNESCO Institute of Lifelong Learning launched its publication, "Unlocking the Potential of Urban Communities: Case Studies of Twelve Learning Cities" at the conference. The first-of-its-kind publication highlights examples of cities from all over the world that use the Learning city approach to enhance citizens’ individual empowerment （权力） , social combination, economic development, cultural prosperity and sustainable development. 　At the conference, Ms. Ramsey participated in a strategic forum of Mayors from around the world. Ms. Ramsey emphasized the benefits of developing relationships internationally, highlighting the great potential for the City of Melton to attract and engage in international business delegations, education, cultural and knowledge exchanges. 　"We live in a global economy and we not only have a responsibility to provide opportunities for our residents, but to also be good global citizens:' she said. "The City of Melton is experiencing some of the fastest urban growth in the country, and with growth comes opportunity." Due to its growing international reputation for work in this area, Melton City Council was invited to be one of the conference presenters. While at the conference, the Mayor was also elected by the delegates to chair a committee of experts to draft the UNESCO Statement on Sustainable Learning Cities. This invitation which was later approved by the 600 plus delegates from over 90 nations participating in the conference reflected very positively on the Council's standing within the international learning community and was a significant honour for both the Council and the Mayor.The City of Melton put more emphasis on international relationships so that it could__________.

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage 　The City of Melton has been awarded the UNESCO（联合国教科文组织） Learning City Award at UNESCO's 2nd International Conference on Learning Cities hosted by Mexico in September, 2015. The award was given in recognition of the City of Melton's efforts to develop a learning city and implement the UNESCO Key Features of Learning Cities through its Community Learning Plan. 　Melton City Council Mayor, Ms. Sophie Ramsey was proud to accept the award on behalf of the City of Melton. "It is a huge honour to receive the UNESCO Learning City Award and the fact that the City of Melton was selected as one of the case studies along with much larger cities such as Beijing, is evidence of the innovative work being done in Melton," the Mayor said. 　The UNESCO Institute of Lifelong Learning launched its publication, "Unlocking the Potential of Urban Communities: Case Studies of Twelve Learning Cities" at the conference. The first-of-its-kind publication highlights examples of cities from all over the world that use the Learning city approach to enhance citizens’ individual empowerment （权力） , social combination, economic development, cultural prosperity and sustainable development. 　At the conference, Ms. Ramsey participated in a strategic forum of Mayors from around the world. Ms. Ramsey emphasized the benefits of developing relationships internationally, highlighting the great potential for the City of Melton to attract and engage in international business delegations, education, cultural and knowledge exchanges. 　"We live in a global economy and we not only have a responsibility to provide opportunities for our residents, but to also be good global citizens:' she said. "The City of Melton is experiencing some of the fastest urban growth in the country, and with growth comes opportunity." Due to its growing international reputation for work in this area, Melton City Council was invited to be one of the conference presenters. While at the conference, the Mayor was also elected by the delegates to chair a committee of experts to draft the UNESCO Statement on Sustainable Learning Cities. This invitation which was later approved by the 600 plus delegates from over 90 nations participating in the conference reflected very positively on the Council's standing within the international learning community and was a significant honour for both the Council and the Mayor.It is quite clear in the last paragraph that_________.

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. 　The teenage years of an individual is marked by evaluating one's values, experiencing a shift in outlooks, and a tendency to act rebelliously. It can also be a time when someone becomes excessively vulnerable to negative influences and inclined towards dangerous situations. On the other hand, for parents the period of their children's adolescence means regular worrying about their safety and formation as a citizen. Thus, a method of ensuring teenagers' security is needed, and curfews are often seen as such a measure, since they have proved their efficiency. At the same time, certain peculiarities exist about establishing curfews for children. 　The first and foremost reason for establishing curfews is children's security.Typical curfews require that teenagers under 17 years stay out of streets starting from 11pm or midnight. This is believed to protect them from crimes committed after nightfall, as well as from violating the law, and there exists serious evidence in favor of this conviction. For example, when New Orleans enabled a dusk-till-dawn curfew in 1994, the rates of juvenile （青少年的） crime were reported to fall more than 20 percent. Even more impressive results were recorded in Dallas, which reported a 30 percent decrease in violent juvenile crime, and a 21 percent decrease in the overall rates of crimes committed by young people. 　On the other hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure which infringes on （诬害） the rights of young people, limiting their freedom. This thesis is particularly supported by the fact that curfew violations and the respective charges are among the most often committed juvenile crimes in the United States. In addition, there were reports claiming that police arrested more non-white teenagers for curfew violations. All this can cause a teenager to believe that they have crossed a psychological line dividing them as criminals; thus, such teenagers may start to see themselves as outlaws, which can contribute to committing more serious crimes than a curfew offense. 　What is important for a parent to remember when establishing a curfew for their kids is that a teenager's misjudged perception of certain rules may cause them to react differently, or misbehave in some other way; this is proved by research conducted by the University of Minnesota, according to which teens tend to react angrily against what they see as unfair. Considering this, parents should avoid the authoritarian（独断专行的） style of establishing curfews; instead, they should have a conversation with their teenager that would be aimed at finding best conditions for a curfew that would satisfy both sides. Also, flexible curfews with teens’ interests in mind tend to be more effective than rigid agreements.The author thinks that teenagers as a particular group can be________.

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. 　The teenage years of an individual is marked by evaluating one's values, experiencing a shift in outlooks, and a tendency to act rebelliously. It can also be a time when someone becomes excessively vulnerable to negative influences and inclined towards dangerous situations. On the other hand, for parents the period of their children's adolescence means regular worrying about their safety and formation as a citizen. Thus, a method of ensuring teenagers' security is needed, and curfews are often seen as such a measure, since they have proved their efficiency. At the same time, certain peculiarities exist about establishing curfews for children. 　The first and foremost reason for establishing curfews is children's security.Typical curfews require that teenagers under 17 years stay out of streets starting from 11pm or midnight. This is believed to protect them from crimes committed after nightfall, as well as from violating the law, and there exists serious evidence in favor of this conviction. For example, when New Orleans enabled a dusk-till-dawn curfew in 1994, the rates of juvenile （青少年的） crime were reported to fall more than 20 percent. Even more impressive results were recorded in Dallas, which reported a 30 percent decrease in violent juvenile crime, and a 21 percent decrease in the overall rates of crimes committed by young people. 　On the other hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure which infringes on （诬害） the rights of young people, limiting their freedom. This thesis is particularly supported by the fact that curfew violations and the respective charges are among the most often committed juvenile crimes in the United States. In addition, there were reports claiming that police arrested more non-white teenagers for curfew violations. All this can cause a teenager to believe that they have crossed a psychological line dividing them as criminals; thus, such teenagers may start to see themselves as outlaws, which can contribute to committing more serious crimes than a curfew offense. 　What is important for a parent to remember when establishing a curfew for their kids is that a teenager's misjudged perception of certain rules may cause them to react differently, or misbehave in some other way; this is proved by research conducted by the University of Minnesota, according to which teens tend to react angrily against what they see as unfair. Considering this, parents should avoid the authoritarian（独断专行的） style of establishing curfews; instead, they should have a conversation with their teenager that would be aimed at finding best conditions for a curfew that would satisfy both sides. Also, flexible curfews with teens’ interests in mind tend to be more effective than rigid agreements.What does the word "curfew' mean in the passage?

Passage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.　The teenage years of an individual is marked by evaluating one's values, experiencing a shift in outlooks, and a tendency to act rebelliously. It can also be a time when someone becomes excessively vulnerable to negative influences and inclined towards dangerous situations. On the other hand, for parents the period of their children's adolescence means regular worrying about their safety and formation as a citizen. Thus, a method of ensuring teenagers' security is needed, and curfews are often seen as such a measure, since they have proved their efficiency. At the same time, certain peculiarities exist about establishing curfews for children.　The first and foremost reason for establishing curfews is children's security.Typical curfews require that teenagers under 17 years stay out of streets starting from 11pm or midnight. This is believed to protect them from crimes committed after nightfall, as well as from violating the law, and there exists serious evidence in favor of this conviction. For example, when New Orleans enabled a dusk-till-dawn curfew in 1994, the rates of juvenile （青少年的） crime were reported to fall more than 20 percent. Even more impressive results were recorded in Dallas, which reported a 30 percent decrease in violent juvenile crime, and a 21 percent decrease in the overall rates of crimes committed by young people.　On the other hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure which infringes on （诬害） the rights of young people, limiting their freedom. This thesis is particularly supported by the fact that curfew violations and the respective charges are among the most often committed juvenile crimes in the United States. In addition, there were reports claiming that police arrested more non-white teenagers for curfew violations. All this can cause a teenager to believe that they have crossed a psychological line dividing them as criminals; thus, such teenagers may start to see themselves as outlaws, which can contribute to committing more serious crimes than a curfew offense.　What is important for a parent to remember when establishing a curfew for their kids is that a teenager's misjudged perception of certain rules may cause them to react differently, or misbehave in some other way; this is proved by research conducted by the University of Minnesota, according to which teens tend to react angrily against what they see as unfair. Considering this, parents should avoid the authoritarian（独断专行的） style of establishing curfews; instead, they should have a conversation with their teenager that would be aimed at finding best conditions for a curfew that would satisfy both sides. Also, flexible curfews with teens’ interests in mind tend to be more effective than rigid agreements.With a curfew in Dallas, the overall rates of juvenile crime were reported to fall__________.

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. 　The teenage years of an individual is marked by evaluating one's values, experiencing a shift in outlooks, and a tendency to act rebelliously. It can also be a time when someone becomes excessively vulnerable to negative influences and inclined towards dangerous situations. On the other hand, for parents the period of their children's adolescence means regular worrying about their safety and formation as a citizen. Thus, a method of ensuring teenagers' security is needed, and curfews are often seen as such a measure, since they have proved their efficiency. At the same time, certain peculiarities exist about establishing curfews for children. 　The first and foremost reason for establishing curfews is children's security.Typical curfews require that teenagers under 17 years stay out of streets starting from 11pm or midnight. This is believed to protect them from crimes committed after nightfall, as well as from violating the law, and there exists serious evidence in favor of this conviction. For example, when New Orleans enabled a dusk-till-dawn curfew in 1994, the rates of juvenile （青少年的） crime were reported to fall more than 20 percent. Even more impressive results were recorded in Dallas, which reported a 30 percent decrease in violent juvenile crime, and a 21 percent decrease in the overall rates of crimes committed by young people. 　On the other hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure which infringes on （诬害） the rights of young people, limiting their freedom. This thesis is particularly supported by the fact that curfew violations and the respective charges are among the most often committed juvenile crimes in the United States. In addition, there were reports claiming that police arrested more non-white teenagers for curfew violations. All this can cause a teenager to believe that they have crossed a psychological line dividing them as criminals; thus, such teenagers may start to see themselves as outlaws, which can contribute to committing more serious crimes than a curfew offense. 　What is important for a parent to remember when establishing a curfew for their kids is that a teenager's misjudged perception of certain rules may cause them to react differently, or misbehave in some other way; this is proved by research conducted by the University of Minnesota, according to which teens tend to react angrily against what they see as unfair. Considering this, parents should avoid the authoritarian（独断专行的） style of establishing curfews; instead, they should have a conversation with their teenager that would be aimed at finding best conditions for a curfew that would satisfy both sides. Also, flexible curfews with teens’ interests in mind tend to be more effective than rigid agreements.To make curfews more effective, parents had better________.

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. 　The teenage years of an individual is marked by evaluating one's values, experiencing a shift in outlooks, and a tendency to act rebelliously. It can also be a time when someone becomes excessively vulnerable to negative influences and inclined towards dangerous situations. On the other hand, for parents the period of their children's adolescence means regular worrying about their safety and formation as a citizen. Thus, a method of ensuring teenagers' security is needed, and curfews are often seen as such a measure, since they have proved their efficiency. At the same time, certain peculiarities exist about establishing curfews for children. 　The first and foremost reason for establishing curfews is children's security.Typical curfews require that teenagers under 17 years stay out of streets starting from 11pm or midnight. This is believed to protect them from crimes committed after nightfall, as well as from violating the law, and there exists serious evidence in favor of this conviction. For example, when New Orleans enabled a dusk-till-dawn curfew in 1994, the rates of juvenile （青少年的） crime were reported to fall more than 20 percent. Even more impressive results were recorded in Dallas, which reported a 30 percent decrease in violent juvenile crime, and a 21 percent decrease in the overall rates of crimes committed by young people. 　On the other hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure which infringes on （诬害） the rights of young people, limiting their freedom. This thesis is particularly supported by the fact that curfew violations and the respective charges are among the most often committed juvenile crimes in the United States. In addition, there were reports claiming that police arrested more non-white teenagers for curfew violations. All this can cause a teenager to believe that they have crossed a psychological line dividing them as criminals; thus, such teenagers may start to see themselves as outlaws, which can contribute to committing more serious crimes than a curfew offense. 　What is important for a parent to remember when establishing a curfew for their kids is that a teenager's misjudged perception of certain rules may cause them to react differently, or misbehave in some other way; this is proved by research conducted by the University of Minnesota, according to which teens tend to react angrily against what they see as unfair. Considering this, parents should avoid the authoritarian（独断专行的） style of establishing curfews; instead, they should have a conversation with their teenager that would be aimed at finding best conditions for a curfew that would satisfy both sides. Also, flexible curfews with teens’ interests in mind tend to be more effective than rigid agreements.What does the author think of curfews?