Passage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Everyone can run a half marathon or marathon.I finished the Eau Claire Half Marathon about three hours prior to writing this,so there's a good chance I could still be feeling the effects of runner's high.But I should say the desire to run is the difference between a“runner'"anda"non-runner."After the race.I was talking to an onlooker who told me he didn't think just anyone could run a half or full marathon.He was convinced a person's ability to run is dictated by their body type;you're either born a marathoner or out of luck.Based on my self-collected evidence,this is not true.While running the half marathon,I noticed the diversity of runners around me.There were tall people,short people:thin and wide people.A woman with gray hair who appeared to be several years older than me beat me.For a while,I ran next to a person in a wheelchair,who was part of a non-profit charity called myTEAM TRIUMPH.Don't get me wrong:completing a half or full marathon is a chaltenge,But I firmly believe that when it comes to crossing the finish line,body type-or age or ability or gender-does not matter.Something that stuck with me the entire 13.I miles was what the starting line announcer told the crowd-finishing a half or full marathon is more than just a race,it is proof you can do anything you put your mind to.In retrospect(回想起来)it sounds insincere,but it kept me going during mile eight through eleven of the race.I have a rising suspicion that long distance races aren't a test of physical fitness:They're a test of mental strength.The same goes for training.Dedicating hours to running (sometimes.in the least-desirable conditions)is much more a battle of determination than a physical one.One of my friends who ran the half marathon consistently trained on a few hours of sleep,thanks to a terrible work schedule.Running a long-distance race is as simple as making a decision and sticking with it.In her book“Running Like a Girl,"Alexandra Heminsley recorded everything from her humble beginning to her completion of several marathons and half marathons.“Whenever anyone asked me how I'd done it,"she wrote,"the answer was simple:I decided to be able to.”What did the author think of the announcer's words?

Passage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Everyone can run a half marathon or marathon.I finished the Eau Claire Half Marathon about three hours prior to writing this,so there's a good chance I could still be feeling the effects of runner's high.But I should say the desire to run is the difference between a“runner'"anda"non-runner."After the race.I was talking to an onlooker who told me he didn't think just anyone could run a half or full marathon.He was convinced a person's ability to run is dictated by their body type;you're either born a marathoner or out of luck.Based on my self-collected evidence,this is not true.While running the half marathon,I noticed the diversity of runners around me.There were tall people,short people:thin and wide people.A woman with gray hair who appeared to be several years older than me beat me.For a while,I ran next to a person in a wheelchair,who was part of a non-profit charity called myTEAM TRIUMPH.Don't get me wrong:completing a half or full marathon is a chaltenge,But I firmly believe that when it comes to crossing the finish line,body type-or age or ability or gender-does not matter.Something that stuck with me the entire 13.I miles was what the starting line announcer told the crowd-finishing a half or full marathon is more than just a race,it is proof you can do anything you put your mind to.In retrospect(回想起来)it sounds insincere,but it kept me going during mile eight through eleven of the race.I have a rising suspicion that long distance races aren't a test of physical fitness:They're a test of mental strength.The same goes for training.Dedicating hours to running (sometimes.in the least-desirable conditions)is much more a battle of determination than a physical one.One of my friends who ran the half marathon consistently trained on a few hours of sleep,thanks to a terrible work schedule.Running a long-distance race is as simple as making a decision and sticking with it.In her book“Running Like a Girl,"Alexandra Heminsley recorded everything from her humble beginning to her completion of several marathons and half marathons.“Whenever anyone asked me how I'd done it,"she wrote,"the answer was simple:I decided to be able to.”What do we know about the author's friend?

Passage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Everyone can run a half marathon or marathon.I finished the Eau Claire Half Marathon about three hours prior to writing this,so there's a good chance I could still be feeling the effects of runner's high.But I should say the desire to run is the difference between a“runner'"anda"non-runner."After the race.I was talking to an onlooker who told me he didn't think just anyone could run a half or full marathon.He was convinced a person's ability to run is dictated by their body type;you're either born a marathoner or out of luck.Based on my self-collected evidence,this is not true.While running the half marathon,I noticed the diversity of runners around me.There were tall people,short people:thin and wide people.A woman with gray hair who appeared to be several years older than me beat me.For a while,I ran next to a person in a wheelchair,who was part of a non-profit charity called myTEAM TRIUMPH.Don't get me wrong:completing a half or full marathon is a chaltenge,But I firmly believe that when it comes to crossing the finish line,body type-or age or ability or gender-does not matter.Something that stuck with me the entire 13.I miles was what the starting line announcer told the crowd-finishing a half or full marathon is more than just a race,it is proof you can do anything you put your mind to.In retrospect(回想起来)it sounds insincere,but it kept me going during mile eight through eleven of the race.I have a rising suspicion that long distance races aren't a test of physical fitness:They're a test of mental strength.The same goes for training.Dedicating hours to running (sometimes.in the least-desirable conditions)is much more a battle of determination than a physical one.One of my friends who ran the half marathon consistently trained on a few hours of sleep,thanks to a terrible work schedule.Running a long-distance race is as simple as making a decision and sticking with it.In her book“Running Like a Girl,"Alexandra Heminsley recorded everything from her humble beginning to her completion of several marathons and half marathons.“Whenever anyone asked me how I'd done it,"she wrote,"the answer was simple:I decided to be able to.”The passage is mainly about ______.

Passage 5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are about 150 Native American languages in Canada and the United States,and another 600-700 languages in Central and South America.We don't know exactly how many languages there are because not everyone agrees on the definition of language.If two languages are similar enough that speakers can usually understand each other,they are called dialects(方言)of the same language.For example,American English and British English are dialects.On the other hand,English and German are different languages,because even though they are related,an English speaker can't necessarily understand a German speaker.However,sometimes there are special cases.For example,Spanish and Italian speakers can often understand each other.And sometimes speakers of two dialects of English can hardly understand each other at all.So depending on how you count them,there are between 750-850 indigenous(土著的)languages spoken in North,Central,and South America.There are about half a million speakers of indigenous languages in Canada and the US,and as many as 25 million speakers in Central and South America.Native American languages are endangered.If children stop learning their native language,the languages can die out just like endangered animals.Some Native American communities are bilingual(会说两种语言的)，but in most places parents have stopped teaching children their native language.In the past,the US and Canadian governments used to take Indianc children away from non-English-speaking homes,without their parents' permission,and put them into boarding schools.This was very painful for the children,so many parents stopped using their native languages to try and protect their children.Although this bad policy was abandoned,many Native Americans have grown up without their language,and it is difficult to try to learn a new language as an adult.Some communities are trying to ask elders to teadh the youngest generation the language before it is too late.What can we do to help preserve Native American languages?If you are Indian,learn your language!More than anything else,this is in the hands of the kids.Young people can learn a language more quickly and easily than older people.Visit older relatives and record them talking.You can make a difference.If you are not Indian,you can still learn some words the same way you learn any other foreign language.You could even study languages when you grow up,and help Native American communities preserve their languages first-hand!Why are we unable to tell exactly the number of languages?

Passage 5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are about 150 Native American languages in Canada and the United States,and another 600-700 languages in Central and South America.We don't know exactly how many languages there are because not everyone agrees on the definition of language.If two languages are similar enough that speakers can usually understand each other,they are called dialects(方言)of the same language.For example,American English and British English are dialects.On the other hand,English and German are different languages,because even though they are related,an English speaker can't necessarily understand a German speaker.However,sometimes there are special cases.For example,Spanish and Italian speakers can often understand each other.And sometimes speakers of two dialects of English can hardly understand each other at all.So depending on how you count them,there are between 750-850 indigenous(土著的)languages spoken in North,Central,and South America.There are about half a million speakers of indigenous languages in Canada and the US,and as many as 25 million speakers in Central and South America.Native American languages are endangered.If children stop learning their native language,the languages can die out just like endangered animals.Some Native American communities are bilingual(会说两种语言的)，but in most places parents have stopped teaching children their native language.In the past,the US and Canadian governments used to take Indianc children away from non-English-speaking homes,without their parents' permission,and put them into boarding schools.This was very painful for the children,so many parents stopped using their native languages to try and protect their children.Although this bad policy was abandoned,many Native Americans have grown up without their language,and it is difficult to try to learn a new language as an adult.Some communities are trying to ask elders to teadh the youngest generation the language before it is too late.What can we do to help preserve Native American languages?If you are Indian,learn your language!More than anything else,this is in the hands of the kids.Young people can learn a language more quickly and easily than older people.Visit older relatives and record them talking.You can make a difference.If you are not Indian,you can still learn some words the same way you learn any other foreign language.You could even study languages when you grow up,and help Native American communities preserve their languages first-hand!Which of the following can be classified as dialects of the same language?

Passage 5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are about 150 Native American languages in Canada and the United States,and another 600-700 languages in Central and South America.We don't know exactly how many languages there are because not everyone agrees on the definition of language.If two languages are similar enough that speakers can usually understand each other,they are called dialects(方言)of the same language.For example,American English and British English are dialects.On the other hand,English and German are different languages,because even though they are related,an English speaker can't necessarily understand a German speaker.However,sometimes there are special cases.For example,Spanish and Italian speakers can often understand each other.And sometimes speakers of two dialects of English can hardly understand each other at all.So depending on how you count them,there are between 750-850 indigenous(土著的)languages spoken in North,Central,and South America.There are about half a million speakers of indigenous languages in Canada and the US,and as many as 25 million speakers in Central and South America.Native American languages are endangered.If children stop learning their native language,the languages can die out just like endangered animals.Some Native American communities are bilingual(会说两种语言的)，but in most places parents have stopped teaching children their native language.In the past,the US and Canadian governments used to take Indianc children away from non-English-speaking homes,without their parents' permission,and put them into boarding schools.This was very painful for the children,so many parents stopped using their native languages to try and protect their children.Although this bad policy was abandoned,many Native Americans have grown up without their language,and it is difficult to try to learn a new language as an adult.Some communities are trying to ask elders to teadh the youngest generation the language before it is too late.What can we do to help preserve Native American languages?If you are Indian,learn your language!More than anything else,this is in the hands of the kids.Young people can learn a language more quickly and easily than older people.Visit older relatives and record them talking.You can make a difference.If you are not Indian,you can still learn some words the same way you learn any other foreign language.You could even study languages when you grow up,and help Native American communities preserve their languages first-hand!How many speakers of indigenous languages are there in the US and Canada?

Passage 5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are about 150 Native American languages in Canada and the United States,and another 600-700 languages in Central and South America.We don't know exactly how many languages there are because not everyone agrees on the definition of language.If two languages are similar enough that speakers can usually understand each other,they are called dialects(方言)of the same language.For example,American English and British English are dialects.On the other hand,English and German are different languages,because even though they are related,an English speaker can't necessarily understand a German speaker.However,sometimes there are special cases.For example,Spanish and Italian speakers can often understand each other.And sometimes speakers of two dialects of English can hardly understand each other at all.So depending on how you count them,there are between 750-850 indigenous(土著的)languages spoken in North,Central,and South America.There are about half a million speakers of indigenous languages in Canada and the US,and as many as 25 million speakers in Central and South America.Native American languages are endangered.If children stop learning their native language,the languages can die out just like endangered animals.Some Native American communities are bilingual(会说两种语言的)，but in most places parents have stopped teaching children their native language.In the past,the US and Canadian governments used to take Indianc children away from non-English-speaking homes,without their parents' permission,and put them into boarding schools.This was very painful for the children,so many parents stopped using their native languages to try and protect their children.Although this bad policy was abandoned,many Native Americans have grown up without their language,and it is difficult to try to learn a new language as an adult.Some communities are trying to ask elders to teadh the youngest generation the language before it is too late.What can we do to help preserve Native American languages?If you are Indian,learn your language!More than anything else,this is in the hands of the kids.Young people can learn a language more quickly and easily than older people.Visit older relatives and record them talking.You can make a difference.If you are not Indian,you can still learn some words the same way you learn any other foreign language.You could even study languages when you grow up,and help Native American communities preserve their languages first-hand!What has caused Native American languages to be endangered?

Passage 5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are about 150 Native American languages in Canada and the United States,and another 600-700 languages in Central and South America.We don't know exactly how many languages there are because not everyone agrees on the definition of language.If two languages are similar enough that speakers can usually understand each other,they are called dialects(方言)of the same language.For example,American English and British English are dialects.On the other hand,English and German are different languages,because even though they are related,an English speaker can't necessarily understand a German speaker.However,sometimes there are special cases.For example,Spanish and Italian speakers can often understand each other.And sometimes speakers of two dialects of English can hardly understand each other at all.So depending on how you count them,there are between 750-850 indigenous(土著的)languages spoken in North,Central,and South America.There are about half a million speakers of indigenous languages in Canada and the US,and as many as 25 million speakers in Central and South America.Native American languages are endangered.If children stop learning their native language,the languages can die out just like endangered animals.Some Native American communities are bilingual(会说两种语言的)，but in most places parents have stopped teaching children their native language.In the past,the US and Canadian governments used to take Indianc children away from non-English-speaking homes,without their parents' permission,and put them into boarding schools.This was very painful for the children,so many parents stopped using their native languages to try and protect their children.Although this bad policy was abandoned,many Native Americans have grown up without their language,and it is difficult to try to learn a new language as an adult.Some communities are trying to ask elders to teadh the youngest generation the language before it is too late.What can we do to help preserve Native American languages?If you are Indian,learn your language!More than anything else,this is in the hands of the kids.Young people can learn a language more quickly and easily than older people.Visit older relatives and record them talking.You can make a difference.If you are not Indian,you can still learn some words the same way you learn any other foreign language.You could even study languages when you grow up,and help Native American communities preserve their languages first-hand!What does the author suggest non-Indians do to save Native American languages？

Passage 6Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.I was bringing my manuscripts to the publishing house on a train to Chicago.All I carried with me was an old suitcase,and a blank lottery ticket I bought on a station before boarding the train一not that I believed in luck.It was a momentary(临时的)intention.I looked at myself in the window glass,a middle-aged white man seeking for a new life and new opportunities.I was in deep thought when a stranger opened my compartment door.His appearance reminded me of gangster movies of the early 1940s.“May I take a seat?'he asked.“Yes,sure,"I answered.“Going to Chicago?he asked me.“Yes,I've got relatives there,"I lied.I don't know why I did that.We sat silent for a bit.Apparently,he must have noticed the lottery ticket stub(票根)sticking out of my shirt pocket.“You believe in luck?"he asked me while pointing his finger at the ticket.“Not really.I don't know why I bought this ticket,I laughed.“Well,luck is all about that:you can never know when you run into milk and honey,and when life gives you a kick in the ass,"he said.Did I meet him somewhere?In a cafe?I liked his manner of speech.It reminded me of some characters in my novels:confident,ironic,and sensible.Sometimes I tried to speak in that manner myself.“I would advise you to bet on numbers 6， 29， 11， 7， 81， 77， and 10，” he said.“Why?Is it some kind of a system?"I asked him.“No,I just have a feeling that they'll win.”Then he left with a smile.When I got off the train in Chicago,I filled the ticket exactly with the numbers dictated to me by the stranger.Then I did my business at the publishing house,received the payment for my last novet and retumed home.In a week,I checked the lottery ticket.Numbers 6,29,11,7,81,77,and 10 were a complete match.I won the lottery:$150,000.I never told anyone about the stranger in that train.In a month or so,I suddenly remembered where I met that guy:in one of my novels.Why was the author going to Chicago?

Passage 6Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.I was bringing my manuscripts to the publishing house on a train to Chicago.All I carried with me was an old suitcase,and a blank lottery ticket I bought on a station before boarding the train一not that I believed in luck.It was a momentary(临时的)intention.I looked at myself in the window glass,a middle-aged white man seeking for a new life and new opportunities.I was in deep thought when a stranger opened my compartment door.His appearance reminded me of gangster movies of the early 1940s.“May I take a seat?'he asked.“Yes,sure,"I answered.“Going to Chicago?he asked me.“Yes,I've got relatives there,"I lied.I don't know why I did that.We sat silent for a bit.Apparently,he must have noticed the lottery ticket stub(票根)sticking out of my shirt pocket.“You believe in luck?"he asked me while pointing his finger at the ticket.“Not really.I don't know why I bought this ticket,I laughed.“Well,luck is all about that:you can never know when you run into milk and honey,and when life gives you a kick in the ass,"he said.Did I meet him somewhere?In a cafe?I liked his manner of speech.It reminded me of some characters in my novels:confident,ironic,and sensible.Sometimes I tried to speak in that manner myself.“I would advise you to bet on numbers 6， 29， 11， 7， 81， 77， and 10，” he said.“Why?Is it some kind of a system?"I asked him.“No,I just have a feeling that they'll win.”Then he left with a smile.When I got off the train in Chicago,I filled the ticket exactly with the numbers dictated to me by the stranger.Then I did my business at the publishing house,received the payment for my last novet and retumed home.In a week,I checked the lottery ticket.Numbers 6,29,11,7,81,77,and 10 were a complete match.I won the lottery:$150,000.I never told anyone about the stranger in that train.In a month or so,I suddenly remembered where I met that guy:in one of my novels.Why did the author buy the lottery ticket?