Passage 1 Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage. "My favorite pair of jeans has finally blown a hole in the knee! I'm so excited to throw them out, clear my plans for the day, and head to the mall to shop for a new pair of jeans!" Said no one ever. Shopping for a pair of jeans was so simple when I was younger. I grabbed my size and went directly to the cash register. But somewhere along the line it got so much more complicated. Last weekend I went to the Mall of America in search of a new pair of jeans. And that is when my rage reached new heights. I've had trouble finding the perfect pair of jeans in the past, but never quite like this. This was denim(牛仔布) nightmare. I went to nine different stores and probably tried on thousands of different pairs. Skinny jeans, flare jeans, boyfriend fit, low rise, bell-bottom, high waisted-even the dreaded slim fit--and still nothing was working. And don't even get me started on the sizing situation. I feel like every store I walk into I have a different jean size. There's waist sizing, which is 24 through 32, and then there's U.S. sizing, which is double zero through 14. And that doesn't even include length. It's a lot to take in. And it's not just the denim, it's everything that comes along with trying on denim. It's the squeezing of skin, the horrific dressing room lighting and the exhausting dance you have to do every time you're trying to get the jeans over your bottom. In a determined attempt to save this horrible experience of shopping endless hours for denim, I made my way to the Smith's store. I usually wouldn't walk into Smith's because I don't like to spend more than $50 on a pair of jeans, but I had reached my breaking point. After all, Smith's is one of good designers of blue jeans. And they've been making jeans for decades. So, I think they have a pretty good grip on what great denim involves. Unfortunately, still nothing. My spirit was broken. Maybe the perfect pair of blue jeans just isn't in the cards for me. With that being said, I've come to the conclusion that I'm going to live in leggings(女式紧身裤) for the rest of my life.  Which word best describes the author's buying experience?

Passage 1 Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage. "My favorite pair of jeans has finally blown a hole in the knee! I'm so excited to throw them out, clear my plans for the day, and head to the mall to shop for a new pair of jeans!" Said no one ever. Shopping for a pair of jeans was so simple when I was younger. I grabbed my size and went directly to the cash register. But somewhere along the line it got so much more complicated. Last weekend I went to the Mall of America in search of a new pair of jeans. And that is when my rage reached new heights. I've had trouble finding the perfect pair of jeans in the past, but never quite like this. This was denim(牛仔布) nightmare. I went to nine different stores and probably tried on thousands of different pairs. Skinny jeans, flare jeans, boyfriend fit, low rise, bell-bottom, high waisted-even the dreaded slim fit--and still nothing was working. And don't even get me started on the sizing situation. I feel like every store I walk into I have a different jean size. There's waist sizing, which is 24 through 32, and then there's U.S. sizing, which is double zero through 14. And that doesn't even include length. It's a lot to take in. And it's not just the denim, it's everything that comes along with trying on denim. It's the squeezing of skin, the horrific dressing room lighting and the exhausting dance you have to do every time you're trying to get the jeans over your bottom. In a determined attempt to save this horrible experience of shopping endless hours for denim, I made my way to the Smith's store. I usually wouldn't walk into Smith's because I don't like to spend more than $50 on a pair of jeans, but I had reached my breaking point. After all, Smith's is one of good designers of blue jeans. And they've been making jeans for decades. So, I think they have a pretty good grip on what great denim involves. Unfortunately, still nothing. My spirit was broken. Maybe the perfect pair of blue jeans just isn't in the cards for me. With that being said, I've come to the conclusion that I'm going to live in leggings(女式紧身裤) for the rest of my life.  Why does the author rarely go to Smith's?

Passage 1 Questions I to 5 are based on the following passage. "My favorite pair of jeans has finally blown a hole in the knee! I'm so excited to throw them out, clear my plans for the day, and head to the mall to shop for a new pair of jeans!" Said no one ever. Shopping for a pair of jeans was so simple when I was younger. I grabbed my size and went directly to the cash register. But somewhere along the line it got so much more complicated. Last weekend I went to the Mall of America in search of a new pair of jeans. And that is when my rage reached new heights. I've had trouble finding the perfect pair of jeans in the past, but never quite like this. This was denim(牛仔布) nightmare. I went to nine different stores and probably tried on thousands of different pairs. Skinny jeans, flare jeans, boyfriend fit, low rise, bell-bottom, high waisted-even the dreaded slim fit--and still nothing was working. And don't even get me started on the sizing situation. I feel like every store I walk into I have a different jean size. There's waist sizing, which is 24 through 32, and then there's U.S. sizing, which is double zero through 14. And that doesn't even include length. It's a lot to take in. And it's not just the denim, it's everything that comes along with trying on denim. It's the squeezing of skin, the horrific dressing room lighting and the exhausting dance you have to do every time you're trying to get the jeans over your bottom. In a determined attempt to save this horrible experience of shopping endless hours for denim, I made my way to the Smith's store. I usually wouldn't walk into Smith's because I don't like to spend more than $50 on a pair of jeans, but I had reached my breaking point. After all, Smith's is one of good designers of blue jeans. And they've been making jeans for decades. So, I think they have a pretty good grip on what great denim involves. Unfortunately, still nothing. My spirit was broken. Maybe the perfect pair of blue jeans just isn't in the cards for me. With that being said, I've come to the conclusion that I'm going to live in leggings(女式紧身裤) for the rest of my life.  What does the author conclude?

Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. It is not surprising that many women complain that their partners don't listen to them. But men make the same complaint about women, although less frequently. The accusation "You're not listening" often really means “You don't understand what I meant, or "I'm not getting the response I wanted."Being listened to means being understood and being valued. In my earlier work I emphasized that women may get the impression that men aren't listening to them even when the men really are. This happens because men have different habitual ways of showing they're' listening. As anthropologists(人类学家) Maltz and Borker explain, women are more inclined to ask questions. They also give more listening responses-little words like mhm, uh-uh, and yeah-scattered throughout someone else's talk. And they respond more positively and enthusiastically, for example by agreeing and laughing. All this behavior is doing the work of listening. It also creates friendly talk by emphasizing connection and encouraging more talk. The corresponding strategies of men-giving fewer listener responses, making statements rather than asking questions, and challenging rather than agreeing-can be understood as moves in a contest by speakers rather than audience members. Not only do women give more listening signals, according to Maltz and Borker, but the signals they give have different meanings for men and women. Women use"yeah"to mean "I'm with you, I follow," whereas men tend to say "yeah"only when they agree.The opportunity for misunderstanding is clear. When a man is confronted with a woman who has been saying "yeah,""yeah,""yeah, "and then turns out not to agree, he may conclude that she has been insincere, or that she was agreeing without really listening. When a woman is confronted with a man who does not say "yeah"—or much of anything else-she may conclude that he hasn't been listening. The men's style is more literally focused on the message level of talk, while the women's is focused on the relationship level. To a man who expects a listener to be quietly attentive, a woman giving a stream of feedback and support will seem to be talking too much for a listener. To a woman who expects a listener to be active and enthusiastic in showing interest, attention, and support, a man who listens silently will seem not to be listening at all, but rather to have checked out of the conversation and gone mentally home.  What is the main message conveyed in paragraph 1?

Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. It is not surprising that many women complain that their partners don't listen to them. But men make the same complaint about women, although less frequently. The accusation "You're not listening" often really means “You don't understand what I meant, or "I'm not getting the response I wanted."Being listened to means being understood and being valued. In my earlier work I emphasized that women may get the impression that men aren't listening to them even when the men really are. This happens because men have different habitual ways of showing they're' listening. As anthropologists(人类学家) Maltz and Borker explain, women are more inclined to ask questions. They also give more listening responses-little words like mhm, uh-uh, and yeah-scattered throughout someone else's talk. And they respond more positively and enthusiastically, for example by agreeing and laughing. All this behavior is doing the work of listening. It also creates friendly talk by emphasizing connection and encouraging more talk. The corresponding strategies of men-giving fewer listener responses, making statements rather than asking questions, and challenging rather than agreeing-can be understood as moves in a contest by speakers rather than audience members. Not only do women give more listening signals, according to Maltz and Borker, but the signals they give have different meanings for men and women. Women use"yeah"to mean "I'm with you, I follow," whereas men tend to say "yeah"only when they agree.The opportunity for misunderstanding is clear. When a man is confronted with a woman who has been saying "yeah,""yeah,""yeah, "and then turns out not to agree, he may conclude that she has been insincere, or that she was agreeing without really listening. When a woman is confronted with a man who does not say "yeah"—or much of anything else-she may conclude that he hasn't been listening. The men's style is more literally focused on the message level of talk, while the women's is focused on the relationship level. To a man who expects a listener to be quietly attentive, a woman giving a stream of feedback and support will seem to be talking too much for a listener. To a woman who expects a listener to be active and enthusiastic in showing interest, attention, and support, a man who listens silently will seem not to be listening at all, but rather to have checked out of the conversation and gone mentally home.  What do women listeners tend to do in a talk according to Maltz and Borker?

Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. It is not surprising that many women complain that their partners don't listen to them. But men make the same complaint about women, although less frequently. The accusation "You're not listening" often really means “You don't understand what I meant, or "I'm not getting the response I wanted."Being listened to means being understood and being valued. In my earlier work I emphasized that women may get the impression that men aren't listening to them even when the men really are. This happens because men have different habitual ways of showing they're' listening. As anthropologists(人类学家) Maltz and Borker explain, women are more inclined to ask questions. They also give more listening responses-little words like mhm, uh-uh, and yeah-scattered throughout someone else's talk. And they respond more positively and enthusiastically, for example by agreeing and laughing. All this behavior is doing the work of listening. It also creates friendly talk by emphasizing connection and encouraging more talk. The corresponding strategies of men-giving fewer listener responses, making statements rather than asking questions, and challenging rather than agreeing-can be understood as moves in a contest by speakers rather than audience members. Not only do women give more listening signals, according to Maltz and Borker, but the signals they give have different meanings for men and women. Women use"yeah"to mean "I'm with you, I follow," whereas men tend to say "yeah"only when they agree.The opportunity for misunderstanding is clear. When a man is confronted with a woman who has been saying "yeah,""yeah,""yeah, "and then turns out not to agree, he may conclude that she has been insincere, or that she was agreeing without really listening. When a woman is confronted with a man who does not say "yeah"—or much of anything else-she may conclude that he hasn't been listening. The men's style is more literally focused on the message level of talk, while the women's is focused on the relationship level. To a man who expects a listener to be quietly attentive, a woman giving a stream of feedback and support will seem to be talking too much for a listener. To a woman who expects a listener to be active and enthusiastic in showing interest, attention, and support, a man who listens silently will seem not to be listening at all, but rather to have checked out of the conversation and gone mentally home.  Which of the following is a strategy of men listeners?

Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. It is not surprising that many women complain that their partners don't listen to them. But men make the same complaint about women, although less frequently. The accusation "You're not listening" often really means “You don't understand what I meant, or "I'm not getting the response I wanted."Being listened to means being understood and being valued. In my earlier work I emphasized that women may get the impression that men aren't listening to them even when the men really are. This happens because men have different habitual ways of showing they're' listening. As anthropologists(人类学家) Maltz and Borker explain, women are more inclined to ask questions. They also give more listening responses-little words like mhm, uh-uh, and yeah-scattered throughout someone else's talk. And they respond more positively and enthusiastically, for example by agreeing and laughing. All this behavior is doing the work of listening. It also creates friendly talk by emphasizing connection and encouraging more talk. The corresponding strategies of men-giving fewer listener responses, making statements rather than asking questions, and challenging rather than agreeing-can be understood as moves in a contest by speakers rather than audience members. Not only do women give more listening signals, according to Maltz and Borker, but the signals they give have different meanings for men and women. Women use"yeah"to mean "I'm with you, I follow," whereas men tend to say "yeah"only when they agree.The opportunity for misunderstanding is clear. When a man is confronted with a woman who has been saying "yeah,""yeah,""yeah, "and then turns out not to agree, he may conclude that she has been insincere, or that she was agreeing without really listening. When a woman is confronted with a man who does not say "yeah"—or much of anything else-she may conclude that he hasn't been listening. The men's style is more literally focused on the message level of talk, while the women's is focused on the relationship level. To a man who expects a listener to be quietly attentive, a woman giving a stream of feedback and support will seem to be talking too much for a listener. To a woman who expects a listener to be active and enthusiastic in showing interest, attention, and support, a man who listens silently will seem not to be listening at all, but rather to have checked out of the conversation and gone mentally home.  What does 'yeah'mean to men in a talk?

Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. It is not surprising that many women complain that their partners don't listen to them. But men make the same complaint about women, although less frequently. The accusation "You're not listening" often really means “You don't understand what I meant, or "I'm not getting the response I wanted."Being listened to means being understood and being valued. In my earlier work I emphasized that women may get the impression that men aren't listening to them even when the men really are. This happens because men have different habitual ways of showing they're' listening. As anthropologists(人类学家) Maltz and Borker explain, women are more inclined to ask questions. They also give more listening responses-little words like mhm, uh-uh, and yeah-scattered throughout someone else's talk. And they respond more positively and enthusiastically, for example by agreeing and laughing. All this behavior is doing the work of listening. It also creates friendly talk by emphasizing connection and encouraging more talk. The corresponding strategies of men-giving fewer listener responses, making statements rather than asking questions, and challenging rather than agreeing-can be understood as moves in a contest by speakers rather than audience members. Not only do women give more listening signals, according to Maltz and Borker, but the signals they give have different meanings for men and women. Women use"yeah"to mean "I'm with you, I follow," whereas men tend to say "yeah"only when they agree.The opportunity for misunderstanding is clear. When a man is confronted with a woman who has been saying "yeah,""yeah,""yeah, "and then turns out not to agree, he may conclude that she has been insincere, or that she was agreeing without really listening. When a woman is confronted with a man who does not say "yeah"—or much of anything else-she may conclude that he hasn't been listening. The men's style is more literally focused on the message level of talk, while the women's is focused on the relationship level. To a man who expects a listener to be quietly attentive, a woman giving a stream of feedback and support will seem to be talking too much for a listener. To a woman who expects a listener to be active and enthusiastic in showing interest, attention, and support, a man who listens silently will seem not to be listening at all, but rather to have checked out of the conversation and gone mentally home.  Both men and women speakers expect their listeners to be________.

Passage 3 Questions to 15 are based on the following passage. When my daughter Jane was in first grade, her teacher pressured me to put her on stimulants(兴奋剂). She explained that Jane daydreamed; she also became over-excited- when she learned something new. "Inattention and excessive activity are classic symptoms of ADHD(多动症). They can be treated with Adderall or Ritalin,”her teacher explained.But I knew this was absurd. Jane did not have ADHD. "That just sounds like any bright kid,"I responded. "If she's ahead of her classmates, she'll be bored sometimes." I was on to something. Some scientists believe that kids with IQs in the top 5 to 10 percent of the population are especially at risk for ADHD misdiagnosis. It is estimated that somewhere between one-third and one-half of intelligent kids diagnosed with ADHD are misdiagnosed. As I suspected, that is because smart kids such as Jane engage in the same behaviors as children with ADHD. For example, both bright kids and those with ADHD are over-excitable and inattentive. Both question authority. Even so, her teacher's suggestion merited further consideration. After all, intelligent children such as Jane can still have ADHD. I was not going to ignore Jane's' problem.But I am also a doctor. And I know stimulants carry risks. For example, a"natural experiment"in Quebec revealed that kids using stimulants for ADHD may be more likely to drop out of school and underperform in math. Other evidence suggests that these drugs deteriorate some child-parent relationships. Additionally, a one-year study suggests that stimulant use can lead to chronic depression. Meanwhile, stimulants are no cure. They simply reduce core ADHD symptoms while the child is on the drug. Consequently, drugs may hide conditions that are misleadingly presenting as ADHD, leaving them unnoticed. Due to these concerns, I tried other approaches before drugs. I enrolled Jane in a more challenging school. There, she became first in her class. Later, she became high school valedictorian(致告别辞的毕业生代表). What if I had accepted her teacher's suggestion? Jane probably would have been fine. But she could have dropped out of school. Medication might have sucked her into a depression or hidden her real problems leaving them unnoticed. Also, humanity might never have benefited from Jane's considerable achievements. Being watchful while medicating children is important for all parents, especially parents of intelligent children. Mounting evidence indicates that bright kids are at considerable risk for misdiagnosis. And medication may minimize their contributions, upon which society's progress depends.  What are Adderall and Ritalin?

Passage 3 Questions to 15 are based on the following passage. When my daughter Jane was in first grade, her teacher pressured me to put her on stimulants(兴奋剂). She explained that Jane daydreamed; she also became over-excited- when she learned something new. "Inattention and excessive activity are classic symptoms of ADHD(多动症). They can be treated with Adderall or Ritalin,”her teacher explained.But I knew this was absurd. Jane did not have ADHD. "That just sounds like any bright kid,"I responded. "If she's ahead of her classmates, she'll be bored sometimes." I was on to something. Some scientists believe that kids with IQs in the top 5 to 10 percent of the population are especially at risk for ADHD misdiagnosis. It is estimated that somewhere between one-third and one-half of intelligent kids diagnosed with ADHD are misdiagnosed. As I suspected, that is because smart kids such as Jane engage in the same behaviors as children with ADHD. For example, both bright kids and those with ADHD are over-excitable and inattentive. Both question authority. Even so, her teacher's suggestion merited further consideration. After all, intelligent children such as Jane can still have ADHD. I was not going to ignore Jane's' problem.But I am also a doctor. And I know stimulants carry risks. For example, a"natural experiment"in Quebec revealed that kids using stimulants for ADHD may be more likely to drop out of school and underperform in math. Other evidence suggests that these drugs deteriorate some child-parent relationships. Additionally, a one-year study suggests that stimulant use can lead to chronic depression. Meanwhile, stimulants are no cure. They simply reduce core ADHD symptoms while the child is on the drug. Consequently, drugs may hide conditions that are misleadingly presenting as ADHD, leaving them unnoticed. Due to these concerns, I tried other approaches before drugs. I enrolled Jane in a more challenging school. There, she became first in her class. Later, she became high school valedictorian(致告别辞的毕业生代表). What if I had accepted her teacher's suggestion? Jane probably would have been fine. But she could have dropped out of school. Medication might have sucked her into a depression or hidden her real problems leaving them unnoticed. Also, humanity might never have benefited from Jane's considerable achievements. Being watchful while medicating children is important for all parents, especially parents of intelligent children. Mounting evidence indicates that bright kids are at considerable risk for misdiagnosis. And medication may minimize their contributions, upon which society's progress depends.  What did the author think of the teacher's suggestion?