Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Whether you are a vegetarian or a meat-eater,carry canvas or plastic,you are one of 7.5 billion people.The effect of your choices on the environment is small.And yet they have a big effect on how others see you,and how you see yourself.Psychologists found that making people worry about social status increased their interest in buying green versus nongreen items-but only if they were shopping in public.People in Washington State were willing to buy the green-signaling Prius over an equally efficient car that didn't broadcast its virtue.Surveys of tens of thousands of British people suggest that green behaviors such as buying recycled products and taking public transit increased life satisfaction-but only in so far as they made people feel green.And feelings can be misleading:Most people who called themselves green never avoided flying.Self-congratulation,moreover,can lead to self-indulgence(自我放纵).When people shopped in a green online store,they felt like they'd done their good deed for the day and were more likely to cheat or steal in a subsequent task-an effect psychologists call "moral licensing,"Similarly,getting weekly feedback on water consumption reduced people's water use by 6 percent,but it increased their electricity use by 5.6 percent-as if they felt that being careful in one area entitled them to relax in another.Trying to bribe people into green behavior may also backfire(适得其反)，by crowding out motivations like civic duty.When Swiss people were asked whether they'd support a nuclear-waste facility in their community,thus putting the need for low-carbon power sources ahead of local safety concens,half said yes;when several thousand dollars were offered to sweeten the deal,however,three out of four said no.Not everyone wants to be seen as a tree-hugger(极端环保主义者)、of course.While some people try to look green.others do the opposite -they adopt Earth-unfriendly behaviors so as to avoid appearing green.Men are more likely than women to hide their greenness-maybe because both sexes associate environmentalism with womanhood.In experiments,shoppers who used a canvas versus a plastic bag were rated as more feminine,and men avoided products that were marketed as green--unless their manhood was affirmed first.Given all this,the researchers suggested,environmentalists might want to copy companies that have successfully marketed stereotypically feminine products to men.The Swiss example shows that giving people money ______.

Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Whether you are a vegetarian or a meat-eater,carry canvas or plastic,you are one of 7.5 billion people.The effect of your choices on the environment is small.And yet they have a big effect on how others see you,and how you see yourself.Psychologists found that making people worry about social status increased their interest in buying green versus nongreen items-but only if they were shopping in public.People in Washington State were willing to buy the green-signaling Prius over an equally efficient car that didn't broadcast its virtue.Surveys of tens of thousands of British people suggest that green behaviors such as buying recycled products and taking public transit increased life satisfaction-but only in so far as they made people feel green.And feelings can be misleading:Most people who called themselves green never avoided flying.Self-congratulation,moreover,can lead to self-indulgence(自我放纵).When people shopped in a green online store,they felt like they'd done their good deed for the day and were more likely to cheat or steal in a subsequent task-an effect psychologists call "moral licensing,"Similarly,getting weekly feedback on water consumption reduced people's water use by 6 percent,but it increased their electricity use by 5.6 percent-as if they felt that being careful in one area entitled them to relax in another.Trying to bribe people into green behavior may also backfire(适得其反)，by crowding out motivations like civic duty.When Swiss people were asked whether they'd support a nuclear-waste facility in their community,thus putting the need for low-carbon power sources ahead of local safety concens,half said yes;when several thousand dollars were offered to sweeten the deal,however,three out of four said no.Not everyone wants to be seen as a tree-hugger(极端环保主义者)、of course.While some people try to look green.others do the opposite -they adopt Earth-unfriendly behaviors so as to avoid appearing green.Men are more likely than women to hide their greenness-maybe because both sexes associate environmentalism with womanhood.In experiments,shoppers who used a canvas versus a plastic bag were rated as more feminine,and men avoided products that were marketed as green--unless their manhood was affirmed first.Given all this,the researchers suggested,environmentalists might want to copy companies that have successfully marketed stereotypically feminine products to men.In experiments,the men who used a canvas bag in shopping were seen as ______.

Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Whether you are a vegetarian or a meat-eater,carry canvas or plastic,you are one of 7.5 billion people.The effect of your choices on the environment is small.And yet they have a big effect on how others see you,and how you see yourself.Psychologists found that making people worry about social status increased their interest in buying green versus nongreen items-but only if they were shopping in public.People in Washington State were willing to buy the green-signaling Prius over an equally efficient car that didn't broadcast its virtue.Surveys of tens of thousands of British people suggest that green behaviors such as buying recycled products and taking public transit increased life satisfaction-but only in so far as they made people feel green.And feelings can be misleading:Most people who called themselves green never avoided flying.Self-congratulation,moreover,can lead to self-indulgence(自我放纵).When people shopped in a green online store,they felt like they'd done their good deed for the day and were more likely to cheat or steal in a subsequent task-an effect psychologists call "moral licensing,"Similarly,getting weekly feedback on water consumption reduced people's water use by 6 percent,but it increased their electricity use by 5.6 percent-as if they felt that being careful in one area entitled them to relax in another.Trying to bribe people into green behavior may also backfire(适得其反)，by crowding out motivations like civic duty.When Swiss people were asked whether they'd support a nuclear-waste facility in their community,thus putting the need for low-carbon power sources ahead of local safety concens,half said yes;when several thousand dollars were offered to sweeten the deal,however,three out of four said no.Not everyone wants to be seen as a tree-hugger(极端环保主义者)、of course.While some people try to look green.others do the opposite -they adopt Earth-unfriendly behaviors so as to avoid appearing green.Men are more likely than women to hide their greenness-maybe because both sexes associate environmentalism with womanhood.In experiments,shoppers who used a canvas versus a plastic bag were rated as more feminine,and men avoided products that were marketed as green--unless their manhood was affirmed first.Given all this,the researchers suggested,environmentalists might want to copy companies that have successfully marketed stereotypically feminine products to men.What is one condition under which a man would go green?

Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.A joint bank account has,traditionally,been a sign of commitment.As newlyweds start their lives together,itis perhaps the clearest way for them to say to each other,“What's mine is yours,and what's yours is mine."But these days,some young couples doubt it.In my recent research on money organization in romantic relationships,I found that Millennial(千禧一代)married and cohabitating(同居)couples are more likely to hold separate accounts than previous generations are.Some of this has te do with Millennial marriage trends.Compared to previous generations,Millennials get married later in life,and thus more of them live together before marriage.Cohabitating couples are far more likely than married couples to keep finances separate.When today's young adults do decide to get married,many of them are further along in their careers,with a better sense of who they are and what they contribute to their workplace.They believe that one's bank account offers a clear reflection of a person's success,and it can be hard to lose control.When I asked several married Millennial couples in a survey why they decided to keep their finances fully or partially separate,one reason came up more than any other:A joint bank account seemed to make each individual's financial centributions unclear at a time when women are earning more than they used to."If we just had a joint account,it would bring an uneasy feeling-a sense of inequality.”said a 26-year-old office worker.Another Millennial I talked to worried that,if he and his wife merged bank accounts,their relationship might begin to conform te outdated gender roles,with the man in charge of all the finances.Some worry that keeping money separate isn't good for Millennials'relationships.According to a 2006 study,couples who merge their finances are more likely to stay together than couples who don't.But some other scholars on families doubted about using the results of the study when thinking about today's young newlyweds.Indeed,the 20-and 30-somethings I spoke with all felt strongly that separate bank accounts don't signal a lack of trust-if anything,they said,it's a sign that partners trust each other more.They clearly understand that,if either of them needs money,they'll help each other out.“lr's about having trust that,if needed,I can cover her end,and she can cover my end too,saidone Millennial.Which is a sign of commitment in traditional marriages?

Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.A joint bank account has,traditionally,been a sign of commitment.As newlyweds start their lives together,itis perhaps the clearest way for them to say to each other,“What's mine is yours,and what's yours is mine."But these days,some young couples doubt it.In my recent research on money organization in romantic relationships,I found that Millennial(千禧一代)married and cohabitating(同居)couples are more likely to hold separate accounts than previous generations are.Some of this has te do with Millennial marriage trends.Compared to previous generations,Millennials get married later in life,and thus more of them live together before marriage.Cohabitating couples are far more likely than married couples to keep finances separate.When today's young adults do decide to get married,many of them are further along in their careers,with a better sense of who they are and what they contribute to their workplace.They believe that one's bank account offers a clear reflection of a person's success,and it can be hard to lose control.When I asked several married Millennial couples in a survey why they decided to keep their finances fully or partially separate,one reason came up more than any other:A joint bank account seemed to make each individual's financial centributions unclear at a time when women are earning more than they used to."If we just had a joint account,it would bring an uneasy feeling-a sense of inequality.”said a 26-year-old office worker.Another Millennial I talked to worried that,if he and his wife merged bank accounts,their relationship might begin to conform te outdated gender roles,with the man in charge of all the finances.Some worry that keeping money separate isn't good for Millennials'relationships.According to a 2006 study,couples who merge their finances are more likely to stay together than couples who don't.But some other scholars on families doubted about using the results of the study when thinking about today's young newlyweds.Indeed,the 20-and 30-somethings I spoke with all felt strongly that separate bank accounts don't signal a lack of trust-if anything,they said,it's a sign that partners trust each other more.They clearly understand that,if either of them needs money,they'll help each other out.“lr's about having trust that,if needed,I can cover her end,and she can cover my end too,saidone Millennial.What do we know about Millennial married couples?

Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.A joint bank account has,traditionally,been a sign of commitment.As newlyweds start their lives together,itis perhaps the clearest way for them to say to each other,“What's mine is yours,and what's yours is mine."But these days,some young couples doubt it.In my recent research on money organization in romantic relationships,I found that Millennial(千禧一代)married and cohabitating(同居)couples are more likely to hold separate accounts than previous generations are.Some of this has te do with Millennial marriage trends.Compared to previous generations,Millennials get married later in life,and thus more of them live together before marriage.Cohabitating couples are far more likely than married couples to keep finances separate.When today's young adults do decide to get married,many of them are further along in their careers,with a better sense of who they are and what they contribute to their workplace.They believe that one's bank account offers a clear reflection of a person's success,and it can be hard to lose control.When I asked several married Millennial couples in a survey why they decided to keep their finances fully or partially separate,one reason came up more than any other:A joint bank account seemed to make each individual's financial centributions unclear at a time when women are earning more than they used to."If we just had a joint account,it would bring an uneasy feeling-a sense of inequality.”said a 26-year-old office worker.Another Millennial I talked to worried that,if he and his wife merged bank accounts,their relationship might begin to conform te outdated gender roles,with the man in charge of all the finances.Some worry that keeping money separate isn't good for Millennials'relationships.According to a 2006 study,couples who merge their finances are more likely to stay together than couples who don't.But some other scholars on families doubted about using the results of the study when thinking about today's young newlyweds.Indeed,the 20-and 30-somethings I spoke with all felt strongly that separate bank accounts don't signal a lack of trust-if anything,they said,it's a sign that partners trust each other more.They clearly understand that,if either of them needs money,they'll help each other out.“lr's about having trust that,if needed,I can cover her end,and she can cover my end too,saidone Millennial.What does having a bank account mean to a Millennial according to paragraph 4?

Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.A joint bank account has,traditionally,been a sign of commitment.As newlyweds start their lives together,itis perhaps the clearest way for them to say to each other,“What's mine is yours,and what's yours is mine."But these days,some young couples doubt it.In my recent research on money organization in romantic relationships,I found that Millennial(千禧一代)married and cohabitating(同居)couples are more likely to hold separate accounts than previous generations are.Some of this has te do with Millennial marriage trends.Compared to previous generations,Millennials get married later in life,and thus more of them live together before marriage.Cohabitating couples are far more likely than married couples to keep finances separate.When today's young adults do decide to get married,many of them are further along in their careers,with a better sense of who they are and what they contribute to their workplace.They believe that one's bank account offers a clear reflection of a person's success,and it can be hard to lose control.When I asked several married Millennial couples in a survey why they decided to keep their finances fully or partially separate,one reason came up more than any other:A joint bank account seemed to make each individual's financial centributions unclear at a time when women are earning more than they used to."If we just had a joint account,it would bring an uneasy feeling-a sense of inequality.”said a 26-year-old office worker.Another Millennial I talked to worried that,if he and his wife merged bank accounts,their relationship might begin to conform te outdated gender roles,with the man in charge of all the finances.Some worry that keeping money separate isn't good for Millennials'relationships.According to a 2006 study,couples who merge their finances are more likely to stay together than couples who don't.But some other scholars on families doubted about using the results of the study when thinking about today's young newlyweds.Indeed,the 20-and 30-somethings I spoke with all felt strongly that separate bank accounts don't signal a lack of trust-if anything,they said,it's a sign that partners trust each other more.They clearly understand that,if either of them needs money,they'll help each other out.“lr's about having trust that,if needed,I can cover her end,and she can cover my end too,saidone Millennial.What do Millennials value in a marriage according to the survey?

Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.A joint bank account has,traditionally,been a sign of commitment.As newlyweds start their lives together,itis perhaps the clearest way for them to say to each other,“What's mine is yours,and what's yours is mine."But these days,some young couples doubt it.In my recent research on money organization in romantic relationships,I found that Millennial(千禧一代)married and cohabitating(同居)couples are more likely to hold separate accounts than previous generations are.Some of this has te do with Millennial marriage trends.Compared to previous generations,Millennials get married later in life,and thus more of them live together before marriage.Cohabitating couples are far more likely than married couples to keep finances separate.When today's young adults do decide to get married,many of them are further along in their careers,with a better sense of who they are and what they contribute to their workplace.They believe that one's bank account offers a clear reflection of a person's success,and it can be hard to lose control.When I asked several married Millennial couples in a survey why they decided to keep their finances fully or partially separate,one reason came up more than any other:A joint bank account seemed to make each individual's financial centributions unclear at a time when women are earning more than they used to."If we just had a joint account,it would bring an uneasy feeling-a sense of inequality.”said a 26-year-old office worker.Another Millennial I talked to worried that,if he and his wife merged bank accounts,their relationship might begin to conform te outdated gender roles,with the man in charge of all the finances.Some worry that keeping money separate isn't good for Millennials'relationships.According to a 2006 study,couples who merge their finances are more likely to stay together than couples who don't.But some other scholars on families doubted about using the results of the study when thinking about today's young newlyweds.Indeed,the 20-and 30-somethings I spoke with all felt strongly that separate bank accounts don't signal a lack of trust-if anything,they said,it's a sign that partners trust each other more.They clearly understand that,if either of them needs money,they'll help each other out.“lr's about having trust that,if needed,I can cover her end,and she can cover my end too,saidone Millennial.What does a separate bank account in a marriage mean to people aged 20 to 30?

Passage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Everyone can run a half marathon or marathon.I finished the Eau Claire Half Marathon about three hours prior to writing this,so there's a good chance I could still be feeling the effects of runner's high.But I should say the desire to run is the difference between a“runner'"anda"non-runner."After the race.I was talking to an onlooker who told me he didn't think just anyone could run a half or full marathon.He was convinced a person's ability to run is dictated by their body type;you're either born a marathoner or out of luck.Based on my self-collected evidence,this is not true.While running the half marathon,I noticed the diversity of runners around me.There were tall people,short people:thin and wide people.A woman with gray hair who appeared to be several years older than me beat me.For a while,I ran next to a person in a wheelchair,who was part of a non-profit charity called myTEAM TRIUMPH.Don't get me wrong:completing a half or full marathon is a chaltenge,But I firmly believe that when it comes to crossing the finish line,body type-or age or ability or gender-does not matter.Something that stuck with me the entire 13.I miles was what the starting line announcer told the crowd-finishing a half or full marathon is more than just a race,it is proof you can do anything you put your mind to.In retrospect(回想起来)it sounds insincere,but it kept me going during mile eight through eleven of the race.I have a rising suspicion that long distance races aren't a test of physical fitness:They're a test of mental strength.The same goes for training.Dedicating hours to running (sometimes.in the least-desirable conditions)is much more a battle of determination than a physical one.One of my friends who ran the half marathon consistently trained on a few hours of sleep,thanks to a terrible work schedule.Running a long-distance race is as simple as making a decision and sticking with it.In her book“Running Like a Girl,"Alexandra Heminsley recorded everything from her humble beginning to her completion of several marathons and half marathons.“Whenever anyone asked me how I'd done it,"she wrote,"the answer was simple:I decided to be able to.”What did the onlooker think is a crucial factor to a marathoner?

Passage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Everyone can run a half marathon or marathon.I finished the Eau Claire Half Marathon about three hours prior to writing this,so there's a good chance I could still be feeling the effects of runner's high.But I should say the desire to run is the difference between a“runner'"anda"non-runner."After the race.I was talking to an onlooker who told me he didn't think just anyone could run a half or full marathon.He was convinced a person's ability to run is dictated by their body type;you're either born a marathoner or out of luck.Based on my self-collected evidence,this is not true.While running the half marathon,I noticed the diversity of runners around me.There were tall people,short people:thin and wide people.A woman with gray hair who appeared to be several years older than me beat me.For a while,I ran next to a person in a wheelchair,who was part of a non-profit charity called myTEAM TRIUMPH.Don't get me wrong:completing a half or full marathon is a chaltenge,But I firmly believe that when it comes to crossing the finish line,body type-or age or ability or gender-does not matter.Something that stuck with me the entire 13.I miles was what the starting line announcer told the crowd-finishing a half or full marathon is more than just a race,it is proof you can do anything you put your mind to.In retrospect(回想起来)it sounds insincere,but it kept me going during mile eight through eleven of the race.I have a rising suspicion that long distance races aren't a test of physical fitness:They're a test of mental strength.The same goes for training.Dedicating hours to running (sometimes.in the least-desirable conditions)is much more a battle of determination than a physical one.One of my friends who ran the half marathon consistently trained on a few hours of sleep,thanks to a terrible work schedule.Running a long-distance race is as simple as making a decision and sticking with it.In her book“Running Like a Girl,"Alexandra Heminsley recorded everything from her humble beginning to her completion of several marathons and half marathons.“Whenever anyone asked me how I'd done it,"she wrote,"the answer was simple:I decided to be able to.”What is the author's purpose in mentioning other runners?