Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. Some estimates are that as many as 8% of adolescents suffer from depression at some time during any one-year period, making it much more common than, for example, eating disorders, which seem to get more attention as a source of adolescent misery. Even among psychiatrists and other mental health care professionals, the extent of the disability caused by depression is vastly underestimated. The World Health Organization has found that major depression is the single greatest cause of disability in the world—more than twice as many people are disabled by depression as by the second leading cause of disability，iron-deficiency anemia (贫血症).Other diseases and disorders may get more press coverage or more research money, or more sympathy and concern from a well-meaning public, but major depression causes more long term human misery than any other single disease. When I was a resident in psychiatry，we believed that true depression was rare among teenagers, or that insofar as it existed, it was just a normal phase of adolescent development with no lasting consequences. It didn’t take long after I began treating troubled kids to see that this couldn't possibly be true. Research over recent decades has confirmed my impression. These beliefs, if any still holds them, are false and dangerous. In fact, early onset of depression is not normal, and can predict numerous unhappy life events for youngsters, including school failure, teenage pregnancy, and suicide attempts. Although depression is increasingly common today, it is among the oldest diseases recorded in the history of medicine. As early as the fourth century, the symptoms of “melancholia” were well known. In other words，depression was first thought of as an exclusively physical illness-the loss of appetite， sleeplessness，irritability，and general depression was believed to have a physical，not a psychological cause. It wasn’t until the nineteenth century-when the term depression was invented to substitute for melancholia-that a psychological understanding of the illness began to develop. Eventually this psychological explanation of depression would become the only one, although today it no longer is. We now know that depression has both psychological and physical symptoms, and that both psychological and medical treatments can help to alleviate them. In the 4th century, depression was regarded as a_____.

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. Some estimates are that as many as 8% of adolescents suffer from depression at some time during any one-year period, making it much more common than, for example, eating disorders, which seem to get more attention as a source of adolescent misery. Even among psychiatrists and other mental health care professionals, the extent of the disability caused by depression is vastly underestimated. The World Health Organization has found that major depression is the single greatest cause of disability in the world—more than twice as many people are disabled by depression as by the second leading cause of disability，iron-deficiency anemia (贫血症).Other diseases and disorders may get more press coverage or more research money, or more sympathy and concern from a well-meaning public, but major depression causes more long term human misery than any other single disease. When I was a resident in psychiatry，we believed that true depression was rare among teenagers, or that insofar as it existed, it was just a normal phase of adolescent development with no lasting consequences. It didn’t take long after I began treating troubled kids to see that this couldn't possibly be true. Research over recent decades has confirmed my impression. These beliefs, if any still holds them, are false and dangerous. In fact, early onset of depression is not normal, and can predict numerous unhappy life events for youngsters, including school failure, teenage pregnancy, and suicide attempts. Although depression is increasingly common today, it is among the oldest diseases recorded in the history of medicine. As early as the fourth century, the symptoms of “melancholia” were well known. In other words，depression was first thought of as an exclusively physical illness-the loss of appetite， sleeplessness，irritability，and general depression was believed to have a physical，not a psychological cause. It wasn’t until the nineteenth century-when the term depression was invented to substitute for melancholia-that a psychological understanding of the illness began to develop. Eventually this psychological explanation of depression would become the only one, although today it no longer is. We now know that depression has both psychological and physical symptoms, and that both psychological and medical treatments can help to alleviate them. After the 19th century people began to realize that depression could result from____.

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. Some estimates are that as many as 8% of adolescents suffer from depression at some time during any one-year period, making it much more common than, for example, eating disorders, which seem to get more attention as a source of adolescent misery. Even among psychiatrists and other mental health care professionals, the extent of the disability caused by depression is vastly underestimated. The World Health Organization has found that major depression is the single greatest cause of disability in the world—more than twice as many people are disabled by depression as by the second leading cause of disability，iron-deficiency anemia (贫血症).Other diseases and disorders may get more press coverage or more research money, or more sympathy and concern from a well-meaning public, but major depression causes more long term human misery than any other single disease. When I was a resident in psychiatry，we believed that true depression was rare among teenagers, or that insofar as it existed, it was just a normal phase of adolescent development with no lasting consequences. It didn’t take long after I began treating troubled kids to see that this couldn't possibly be true. Research over recent decades has confirmed my impression. These beliefs, if any still holds them, are false and dangerous. In fact, early onset of depression is not normal, and can predict numerous unhappy life events for youngsters, including school failure, teenage pregnancy, and suicide attempts. Although depression is increasingly common today, it is among the oldest diseases recorded in the history of medicine. As early as the fourth century, the symptoms of “melancholia” were well known. In other words，depression was first thought of as an exclusively physical illness-the loss of appetite， sleeplessness，irritability，and general depression was believed to have a physical，not a psychological cause. It wasn’t until the nineteenth century-when the term depression was invented to substitute for melancholia-that a psychological understanding of the illness began to develop. Eventually this psychological explanation of depression would become the only one, although today it no longer is. We now know that depression has both psychological and physical symptoms, and that both psychological and medical treatments can help to alleviate them. The word “alleviate” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to_____.

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. Some estimates are that as many as 8% of adolescents suffer from depression at some time during any one-year period, making it much more common than, for example, eating disorders, which seem to get more attention as a source of adolescent misery. Even among psychiatrists and other mental health care professionals, the extent of the disability caused by depression is vastly underestimated. The World Health Organization has found that major depression is the single greatest cause of disability in the world—more than twice as many people are disabled by depression as by the second leading cause of disability，iron-deficiency anemia (贫血症).Other diseases and disorders may get more press coverage or more research money, or more sympathy and concern from a well-meaning public, but major depression causes more long term human misery than any other single disease. When I was a resident in psychiatry，we believed that true depression was rare among teenagers, or that insofar as it existed, it was just a normal phase of adolescent development with no lasting consequences. It didn’t take long after I began treating troubled kids to see that this couldn't possibly be true. Research over recent decades has confirmed my impression. These beliefs, if any still holds them, are false and dangerous. In fact, early onset of depression is not normal, and can predict numerous unhappy life events for youngsters, including school failure, teenage pregnancy, and suicide attempts. Although depression is increasingly common today, it is among the oldest diseases recorded in the history of medicine. As early as the fourth century, the symptoms of “melancholia” were well known. In other words，depression was first thought of as an exclusively physical illness-the loss of appetite， sleeplessness，irritability，and general depression was believed to have a physical，not a psychological cause. It wasn’t until the nineteenth century-when the term depression was invented to substitute for melancholia-that a psychological understanding of the illness began to develop. Eventually this psychological explanation of depression would become the only one, although today it no longer is. We now know that depression has both psychological and physical symptoms, and that both psychological and medical treatments can help to alleviate them. The passage mainly deals with depression by informing the reader of_____.

Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Walking is just not enough, according to a new review of the evidence from Public Health England (PHE), which reveals a major disconnect between the exercise people need and what they actually do. Those who thought 10,000 steps a day or a brisk daily trudge (跋涉)from a further bus stop meant they were doing enough to stay fit and healthy have got it wrong. People should also all be doing tai chi, weight lifting or ballroom dancing. Aerobic (有氧的)exercise,such as walking or gardening,is good for the heart and improves the circulation. PHE's review said that muscle and bone strengthening and balance activities are also vital for health and future wellbeing, but they are neglected. Strengthening and balance activities not only help prevent falls, but also help improve mood, sleeping patterns, increase energy levels and reduce the risk of an early death. Muscles tend to be at their peak in our 30s, said Louise Ansari from the Centre for Ageing Better, and the muscle tone is going by the time we reach 40 unless we actively work on it. The best forms of exercise, according to the review of evidence, are ball games, tennis, dance,Nordic (北欧人的)walking and resistance training—usually training with weights.These exercise both arms and legs, strengthening muscles and helping us keep our balance. Ansari said the type of exercise required depends on a person's fitness. “If you are a reasonably fit adult and you do walking, you should also do yoga or tai chi or tennis or resistance training which could be in a structured exercise class.” But exercise doesn't have to be in a gym,she added. “You can also make sure you go up and down stairs a lot instead of taking the lift. That is resistance training. Your body is providing the resistance. You don't have to go to the gym. As long as you are feeling the ache in your muscles.” Dance of all sorts is good for muscles and balance ,from folk to ballroom. “If you don't feel you can go to a full-on dance class because you are a bit weak, standing on one leg for 30 seconds a day or tai chi is very good.” Ansari said she doesn't use a gym. “I don't go and lift weights,but I make sure I'm carrying shopping home and carrying things around—consciously lifting weight.” The advice is not just for the elderly. “Alongside aerobic exercise，all adults should be aiming to do strengthening and balancing activities twice per week，” said Ansari. “On average we're all living longer and this mixture of physical activities will help us stay well in our youth and remain independent as we age? What can we learn from the new review given by PHE?

Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Walking is just not enough, according to a new review of the evidence from Public Health England (PHE), which reveals a major disconnect between the exercise people need and what they actually do. Those who thought 10,000 steps a day or a brisk daily trudge (跋涉)from a further bus stop meant they were doing enough to stay fit and healthy have got it wrong. People should also all be doing tai chi, weight lifting or ballroom dancing. Aerobic (有氧的)exercise,such as walking or gardening,is good for the heart and improves the circulation. PHE's review said that muscle and bone strengthening and balance activities are also vital for health and future wellbeing, but they are neglected. Strengthening and balance activities not only help prevent falls, but also help improve mood, sleeping patterns, increase energy levels and reduce the risk of an early death. Muscles tend to be at their peak in our 30s, said Louise Ansari from the Centre for Ageing Better, and the muscle tone is going by the time we reach 40 unless we actively work on it. The best forms of exercise, according to the review of evidence, are ball games, tennis, dance,Nordic (北欧人的)walking and resistance training—usually training with weights.These exercise both arms and legs, strengthening muscles and helping us keep our balance. Ansari said the type of exercise required depends on a person's fitness. “If you are a reasonably fit adult and you do walking, you should also do yoga or tai chi or tennis or resistance training which could be in a structured exercise class.” But exercise doesn't have to be in a gym,she added. “You can also make sure you go up and down stairs a lot instead of taking the lift. That is resistance training. Your body is providing the resistance. You don't have to go to the gym. As long as you are feeling the ache in your muscles.” Dance of all sorts is good for muscles and balance ,from folk to ballroom. “If you don't feel you can go to a full-on dance class because you are a bit weak, standing on one leg for 30 seconds a day or tai chi is very good.” Ansari said she doesn't use a gym. “I don't go and lift weights,but I make sure I'm carrying shopping home and carrying things around—consciously lifting weight.” The advice is not just for the elderly. “Alongside aerobic exercise，all adults should be aiming to do strengthening and balancing activities twice per week，” said Ansari. “On average we're all living longer and this mixture of physical activities will help us stay well in our youth and remain independent as we age? What is the advantage of walking according to paragraph 3?

Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Walking is just not enough, according to a new review of the evidence from Public Health England (PHE), which reveals a major disconnect between the exercise people need and what they actually do. Those who thought 10,000 steps a day or a brisk daily trudge (跋涉)from a further bus stop meant they were doing enough to stay fit and healthy have got it wrong. People should also all be doing tai chi, weight lifting or ballroom dancing. Aerobic (有氧的)exercise,such as walking or gardening,is good for the heart and improves the circulation. PHE's review said that muscle and bone strengthening and balance activities are also vital for health and future wellbeing, but they are neglected. Strengthening and balance activities not only help prevent falls, but also help improve mood, sleeping patterns, increase energy levels and reduce the risk of an early death. Muscles tend to be at their peak in our 30s, said Louise Ansari from the Centre for Ageing Better, and the muscle tone is going by the time we reach 40 unless we actively work on it. The best forms of exercise, according to the review of evidence, are ball games, tennis, dance,Nordic (北欧人的)walking and resistance training—usually training with weights.These exercise both arms and legs, strengthening muscles and helping us keep our balance. Ansari said the type of exercise required depends on a person's fitness. “If you are a reasonably fit adult and you do walking, you should also do yoga or tai chi or tennis or resistance training which could be in a structured exercise class.” But exercise doesn't have to be in a gym,she added. “You can also make sure you go up and down stairs a lot instead of taking the lift. That is resistance training. Your body is providing the resistance. You don't have to go to the gym. As long as you are feeling the ache in your muscles.” Dance of all sorts is good for muscles and balance ,from folk to ballroom. “If you don't feel you can go to a full-on dance class because you are a bit weak, standing on one leg for 30 seconds a day or tai chi is very good.” Ansari said she doesn't use a gym. “I don't go and lift weights,but I make sure I'm carrying shopping home and carrying things around—consciously lifting weight.” The advice is not just for the elderly. “Alongside aerobic exercise，all adults should be aiming to do strengthening and balancing activities twice per week，” said Ansari. “On average we're all living longer and this mixture of physical activities will help us stay well in our youth and remain independent as we age? Which of the following is resistance training?

Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Walking is just not enough, according to a new review of the evidence from Public Health England (PHE), which reveals a major disconnect between the exercise people need and what they actually do. Those who thought 10,000 steps a day or a brisk daily trudge (跋涉)from a further bus stop meant they were doing enough to stay fit and healthy have got it wrong. People should also all be doing tai chi, weight lifting or ballroom dancing. Aerobic (有氧的)exercise,such as walking or gardening,is good for the heart and improves the circulation. PHE's review said that muscle and bone strengthening and balance activities are also vital for health and future wellbeing, but they are neglected. Strengthening and balance activities not only help prevent falls, but also help improve mood, sleeping patterns, increase energy levels and reduce the risk of an early death. Muscles tend to be at their peak in our 30s, said Louise Ansari from the Centre for Ageing Better, and the muscle tone is going by the time we reach 40 unless we actively work on it. The best forms of exercise, according to the review of evidence, are ball games, tennis, dance,Nordic (北欧人的)walking and resistance training—usually training with weights.These exercise both arms and legs, strengthening muscles and helping us keep our balance. Ansari said the type of exercise required depends on a person's fitness. “If you are a reasonably fit adult and you do walking, you should also do yoga or tai chi or tennis or resistance training which could be in a structured exercise class.” But exercise doesn't have to be in a gym,she added. “You can also make sure you go up and down stairs a lot instead of taking the lift. That is resistance training. Your body is providing the resistance. You don't have to go to the gym. As long as you are feeling the ache in your muscles.” Dance of all sorts is good for muscles and balance ,from folk to ballroom. “If you don't feel you can go to a full-on dance class because you are a bit weak, standing on one leg for 30 seconds a day or tai chi is very good.” Ansari said she doesn't use a gym. “I don't go and lift weights,but I make sure I'm carrying shopping home and carrying things around—consciously lifting weight.” The advice is not just for the elderly. “Alongside aerobic exercise，all adults should be aiming to do strengthening and balancing activities twice per week，” said Ansari. “On average we're all living longer and this mixture of physical activities will help us stay well in our youth and remain independent as we age? What does Ansari like to do for keeping fit?

Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Walking is just not enough, according to a new review of the evidence from Public Health England (PHE), which reveals a major disconnect between the exercise people need and what they actually do. Those who thought 10,000 steps a day or a brisk daily trudge (跋涉)from a further bus stop meant they were doing enough to stay fit and healthy have got it wrong. People should also all be doing tai chi, weight lifting or ballroom dancing. Aerobic (有氧的)exercise,such as walking or gardening,is good for the heart and improves the circulation. PHE's review said that muscle and bone strengthening and balance activities are also vital for health and future wellbeing, but they are neglected. Strengthening and balance activities not only help prevent falls, but also help improve mood, sleeping patterns, increase energy levels and reduce the risk of an early death. Muscles tend to be at their peak in our 30s, said Louise Ansari from the Centre for Ageing Better, and the muscle tone is going by the time we reach 40 unless we actively work on it. The best forms of exercise, according to the review of evidence, are ball games, tennis, dance,Nordic (北欧人的)walking and resistance training—usually training with weights.These exercise both arms and legs, strengthening muscles and helping us keep our balance. Ansari said the type of exercise required depends on a person's fitness. “If you are a reasonably fit adult and you do walking, you should also do yoga or tai chi or tennis or resistance training which could be in a structured exercise class.” But exercise doesn't have to be in a gym,she added. “You can also make sure you go up and down stairs a lot instead of taking the lift. That is resistance training. Your body is providing the resistance. You don't have to go to the gym. As long as you are feeling the ache in your muscles.” Dance of all sorts is good for muscles and balance ,from folk to ballroom. “If you don't feel you can go to a full-on dance class because you are a bit weak, standing on one leg for 30 seconds a day or tai chi is very good.” Ansari said she doesn't use a gym. “I don't go and lift weights,but I make sure I'm carrying shopping home and carrying things around—consciously lifting weight.” The advice is not just for the elderly. “Alongside aerobic exercise，all adults should be aiming to do strengthening and balancing activities twice per week，” said Ansari. “On average we're all living longer and this mixture of physical activities will help us stay well in our youth and remain independent as we age? What does Ansari advise people to do?

请用括号单词的恰当形式填空(concern)Her new report is______with rainforest.