Every time you leave a comment about yourself on a public social website,you're unknowingly giving ammunition to data harvesters and hackers（黑客）looking to gain a backdoor into your online accounts.The social network is absolutely littered with seemingly harmless posts asking users to comment and share-what was the name of your first pet? what was the name of the street you grew up on?-and it's not uncommon to see that thousands of people have obliged.But a lot of these personal details are the same as those used by sites when you need to reset your password or prove your identity.Since there are so many pages online that do nothing but pose these sorts of questions and spread the posts as wide as possible, would-be attackers just need to follow along and harvest the data.Even worse,by commenting on such a post you're flagging that you're not opposed to giving this kind of historical information away，and an attacker could click（点击） through to your public profile and collect an entire store of security question answers,along with potentially your full name,date of birth and email address."It seems pretty clear that criminals are indeedI harvesting such information from social website,"said security researcher Brian Krebs.“Why wouldn't they? It's free, and people self-select for targeting.”Mr.Krebs said it's not necessarily true that the pages themselves are run by people who want to use your data for their own purposes. It just so happens that asking people to express something about themselves is one of the best ways to collect big numbers of comments. “Probably most of these are started by well-meaning companies and individuals," he said. “Unfortunately,when people respond truthfully it opens them to fraud because their responses remain tied to their own profiles."At a time when passwords are broken by algorithms（计算程序）and users are encouraged to use password managers to create complex and unique passwords for each account,security questions are a weak link.By giving data away on the public internet you're only making the hacker's job easier. Mr.Krebs said social websites aren't necessarily doing anything wrong by allowing posts that ask for personal information,and he doesn't expect the social network to do anything about them.“A better response is for these posts to be flooded with comments from people stating how bad an idea it is to respond truthfully," he said.What did Mr.Krebs say is the best way to collect comments?

Every time you leave a comment about yourself on a public social website,you're unknowingly giving ammunition to data harvesters and hackers（黑客）looking to gain a backdoor into your online accounts.The social network is absolutely littered with seemingly harmless posts asking users to comment and share-what was the name of your first pet? what was the name of the street you grew up on?-and it's not uncommon to see that thousands of people have obliged.But a lot of these personal details are the same as those used by sites when you need to reset your password or prove your identity.Since there are so many pages online that do nothing but pose these sorts of questions and spread the posts as wide as possible, would-be attackers just need to follow along and harvest the data.Even worse,by commenting on such a post you're flagging that you're not opposed to giving this kind of historical information away，and an attacker could click（点击） through to your public profile and collect an entire store of security question answers,along with potentially your full name,date of birth and email address."It seems pretty clear that criminals are indeedI harvesting such information from social website,"said security researcher Brian Krebs.“Why wouldn't they? It's free, and people self-select for targeting.”Mr.Krebs said it's not necessarily true that the pages themselves are run by people who want to use your data for their own purposes. It just so happens that asking people to express something about themselves is one of the best ways to collect big numbers of comments. “Probably most of these are started by well-meaning companies and individuals," he said. “Unfortunately,when people respond truthfully it opens them to fraud because their responses remain tied to their own profiles."At a time when passwords are broken by algorithms（计算程序）and users are encouraged to use password managers to create complex and unique passwords for each account,security questions are a weak link.By giving data away on the public internet you're only making the hacker's job easier. Mr.Krebs said social websites aren't necessarily doing anything wrong by allowing posts that ask for personal information,and he doesn't expect the social network to do anything about them.“A better response is for these posts to be flooded with comments from people stating how bad an idea it is to respond truthfully," he said.What does Mr.Krebs suggest as a solution to the personal information disctosure?

Every time you leave a comment about yourself on a public social website,you're unknowingly giving ammunition to data harvesters and hackers（黑客）looking to gain a backdoor into your online accounts.The social network is absolutely littered with seemingly harmless posts asking users to comment and share-what was the name of your first pet? what was the name of the street you grew up on?-and it's not uncommon to see that thousands of people have obliged.But a lot of these personal details are the same as those used by sites when you need to reset your password or prove your identity.Since there are so many pages online that do nothing but pose these sorts of questions and spread the posts as wide as possible, would-be attackers just need to follow along and harvest the data.Even worse,by commenting on such a post you're flagging that you're not opposed to giving this kind of historical information away，and an attacker could click（点击） through to your public profile and collect an entire store of security question answers,along with potentially your full name,date of birth and email address."It seems pretty clear that criminals are indeedI harvesting such information from social website,"said security researcher Brian Krebs.“Why wouldn't they? It's free, and people self-select for targeting.”Mr.Krebs said it's not necessarily true that the pages themselves are run by people who want to use your data for their own purposes. It just so happens that asking people to express something about themselves is one of the best ways to collect big numbers of comments. “Probably most of these are started by well-meaning companies and individuals," he said. “Unfortunately,when people respond truthfully it opens them to fraud because their responses remain tied to their own profiles."At a time when passwords are broken by algorithms（计算程序）and users are encouraged to use password managers to create complex and unique passwords for each account,security questions are a weak link.By giving data away on the public internet you're only making the hacker's job easier. Mr.Krebs said social websites aren't necessarily doing anything wrong by allowing posts that ask for personal information,and he doesn't expect the social network to do anything about them.“A better response is for these posts to be flooded with comments from people stating how bad an idea it is to respond truthfully," he said.What is the best title for this passage?

Being socially active in your 50s and 60s may help lower the risk of developing dementia（痴呆）in later life，a study has found.Researchers studied data that tracked more than 10,000 people from 1985 to 2013.The participants answered a questionnaire（调查问卷）every five years about the frequency of their social contact with friends and relatives.They were also subject to cognitive testing,and electronic health records were searched for dementia diagnoses.The results published in the joumnal PLoS showed that seeing friends almost daily at age 60 was associated with a 12% lower likelihood of developing dementia in later life,compared with those who saw only one or two friends every few months.Seeing relatives, on the other hand,did not show the same beneficial association.The authors suggest that practising using the brain for memory and language during social contact can build so-called cognitive reserve.Tara Spires-Jones,a professor at the University of Edinburgh who was not involved in the work,explained:"Learning new things builds connections between brain cells,and so does social contact. The biology underlying this study is that the people who are socially active keep their brains better connected. If you have a better connected network in your brain, it can resist pathology（病状）for longer.＂Clive Ballard, a professor of age-related disorders at the University of Exeter,who was also not involved in the work, said:"There are plenty of other studies that have foundthat social isolation is a risk factor. The strength of this work is the large population studied,and that the assessment of social contact was done so long before the cognitive assessment.It makes the direction of cause-and-effect much stronger."The authors note that the data does not include detail on the quality of social contact,and that dementia cases may have been missed if participants did not present themselves to their doctors.There may also be overlapping factors at play:“It is known that depression is a significant risk factor, and our work has shown that hearing loss is also a significant risk factor.Both of those might lead to social isolation. Ir's likely to be a cluster of things which are not totally independent,"said Ballard.The work contributes to growing evidence that social activities could protect people from dementia in the long run, in addition to treating hearing loss and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.What has the study found about dementia?

Being socially active in your 50s and 60s may help lower the risk of developing dementia（痴呆）in later life，a study has found.Researchers studied data that tracked more than 10,000 people from 1985 to 2013.The participants answered a questionnaire（调查问卷）every five years about the frequency of their social contact with friends and relatives.They were also subject to cognitive testing,and electronic health records were searched for dementia diagnoses.The results published in the joumnal PLoS showed that seeing friends almost daily at age 60 was associated with a 12% lower likelihood of developing dementia in later life,compared with those who saw only one or two friends every few months.Seeing relatives, on the other hand,did not show the same beneficial association.The authors suggest that practising using the brain for memory and language during social contact can build so-called cognitive reserve.Tara Spires-Jones,a professor at the University of Edinburgh who was not involved in the work,explained:"Learning new things builds connections between brain cells,and so does social contact. The biology underlying this study is that the people who are socially active keep their brains better connected. If you have a better connected network in your brain, it can resist pathology（病状）for longer.＂Clive Ballard, a professor of age-related disorders at the University of Exeter,who was also not involved in the work, said:"There are plenty of other studies that have foundthat social isolation is a risk factor. The strength of this work is the large population studied,and that the assessment of social contact was done so long before the cognitive assessment.It makes the direction of cause-and-effect much stronger."The authors note that the data does not include detail on the quality of social contact,and that dementia cases may have been missed if participants did not present themselves to their doctors.There may also be overlapping factors at play:“It is known that depression is a significant risk factor, and our work has shown that hearing loss is also a significant risk factor.Both of those might lead to social isolation. Ir's likely to be a cluster of things which are not totally independent,"said Ballard.The work contributes to growing evidence that social activities could protect people from dementia in the long run, in addition to treating hearing loss and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.How did the researchers carry out the study on dementia?

Being socially active in your 50s and 60s may help lower the risk of developing dementia（痴呆）in later life，a study has found.Researchers studied data that tracked more than 10,000 people from 1985 to 2013.The participants answered a questionnaire（调查问卷）every five years about the frequency of their social contact with friends and relatives.They were also subject to cognitive testing,and electronic health records were searched for dementia diagnoses.The results published in the joumnal PLoS showed that seeing friends almost daily at age 60 was associated with a 12% lower likelihood of developing dementia in later life,compared with those who saw only one or two friends every few months.Seeing relatives, on the other hand,did not show the same beneficial association.The authors suggest that practising using the brain for memory and language during social contact can build so-called cognitive reserve.Tara Spires-Jones,a professor at the University of Edinburgh who was not involved in the work,explained:"Learning new things builds connections between brain cells,and so does social contact. The biology underlying this study is that the people who are socially active keep their brains better connected. If you have a better connected network in your brain, it can resist pathology（病状）for longer.＂Clive Ballard, a professor of age-related disorders at the University of Exeter,who was also not involved in the work, said:"There are plenty of other studies that have foundthat social isolation is a risk factor. The strength of this work is the large population studied,and that the assessment of social contact was done so long before the cognitive assessment.It makes the direction of cause-and-effect much stronger."The authors note that the data does not include detail on the quality of social contact,and that dementia cases may have been missed if participants did not present themselves to their doctors.There may also be overlapping factors at play:“It is known that depression is a significant risk factor, and our work has shown that hearing loss is also a significant risk factor.Both of those might lead to social isolation. Ir's likely to be a cluster of things which are not totally independent,"said Ballard.The work contributes to growing evidence that social activities could protect people from dementia in the long run, in addition to treating hearing loss and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.What do the researchers suggest for building cognitive reserve?

Being socially active in your 50s and 60s may help lower the risk of developing dementia（痴呆）in later life，a study has found.Researchers studied data that tracked more than 10,000 people from 1985 to 2013.The participants answered a questionnaire（调查问卷）every five years about the frequency of their social contact with friends and relatives.They were also subject to cognitive testing,and electronic health records were searched for dementia diagnoses.The results published in the joumnal PLoS showed that seeing friends almost daily at age 60 was associated with a 12% lower likelihood of developing dementia in later life,compared with those who saw only one or two friends every few months.Seeing relatives, on the other hand,did not show the same beneficial association.The authors suggest that practising using the brain for memory and language during social contact can build so-called cognitive reserve.Tara Spires-Jones,a professor at the University of Edinburgh who was not involved in the work,explained:"Learning new things builds connections between brain cells,and so does social contact. The biology underlying this study is that the people who are socially active keep their brains better connected. If you have a better connected network in your brain, it can resist pathology（病状）for longer.＂Clive Ballard, a professor of age-related disorders at the University of Exeter,who was also not involved in the work, said:"There are plenty of other studies that have foundthat social isolation is a risk factor. The strength of this work is the large population studied,and that the assessment of social contact was done so long before the cognitive assessment.It makes the direction of cause-and-effect much stronger."The authors note that the data does not include detail on the quality of social contact,and that dementia cases may have been missed if participants did not present themselves to their doctors.There may also be overlapping factors at play:“It is known that depression is a significant risk factor, and our work has shown that hearing loss is also a significant risk factor.Both of those might lead to social isolation. Ir's likely to be a cluster of things which are not totally independent,"said Ballard.The work contributes to growing evidence that social activities could protect people from dementia in the long run, in addition to treating hearing loss and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.What can be inferred from Tara Spires-Jones'explanations of the study?

Being socially active in your 50s and 60s may help lower the risk of developing dementia（痴呆）in later life，a study has found.Researchers studied data that tracked more than 10,000 people from 1985 to 2013.The participants answered a questionnaire（调查问卷）every five years about the frequency of their social contact with friends and relatives.They were also subject to cognitive testing,and electronic health records were searched for dementia diagnoses.The results published in the joumnal PLoS showed that seeing friends almost daily at age 60 was associated with a 12% lower likelihood of developing dementia in later life,compared with those who saw only one or two friends every few months.Seeing relatives, on the other hand,did not show the same beneficial association.The authors suggest that practising using the brain for memory and language during social contact can build so-called cognitive reserve.Tara Spires-Jones,a professor at the University of Edinburgh who was not involved in the work,explained:"Learning new things builds connections between brain cells,and so does social contact. The biology underlying this study is that the people who are socially active keep their brains better connected. If you have a better connected network in your brain, it can resist pathology（病状）for longer.＂Clive Ballard, a professor of age-related disorders at the University of Exeter,who was also not involved in the work, said:"There are plenty of other studies that have foundthat social isolation is a risk factor. The strength of this work is the large population studied,and that the assessment of social contact was done so long before the cognitive assessment.It makes the direction of cause-and-effect much stronger."The authors note that the data does not include detail on the quality of social contact,and that dementia cases may have been missed if participants did not present themselves to their doctors.There may also be overlapping factors at play:“It is known that depression is a significant risk factor, and our work has shown that hearing loss is also a significant risk factor.Both of those might lead to social isolation. Ir's likely to be a cluster of things which are not totally independent,"said Ballard.The work contributes to growing evidence that social activities could protect people from dementia in the long run, in addition to treating hearing loss and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.Which of the following is missing from the data?

Body language affects your interactions with other people and yourself.Many people don't realize just how powerful body language is when it comes to self-esteem and self-confidence.Maybe your mother told you to smile, even if you don't feel like it,because it can help you and the people around you feel better.This old piece of advice has real roots in reality, because your own body language has a powerful effect on you and the people around you. Smile for a few seconds and notice how you feel.You might feel a bit silly,but chances are you also feel a more positive feeling.Psychologists often use this technique to help people with depression lift their spirits, encouraging them to try to smile as much as possible.The way your body moves also affects your self-esteem and self-confidence.Stand up and walk across the room with your shoulders forward,your head down,and your feet moving heavily.How does it feel? Now walk back across the room with your shoulders square and back,your head held up,and your feet moving lightly.What differences do you notice?So,your own body language does have an impact on your daily life. One advantage to knowing this is that it gives you a greater amount of control over your own feelings and attitude.Of course a smile alone is not going to correct a great deal of sadness, or fear,but when used regularly and in combination with other non-verbal expressions, it can help you start to feel better.Another part of applying body language to your daily life is your appearance.What happens when you just throw on a pair of jeans and an old T-shirt? How do you feel? Now think about when you get dressed up in nice clothes with your hair neat and makeup looking good?How do you feel? Chances are the simple action of putting on nice clothes leaves you feeling confident,happy,and attractive.Think about all of the different ways your own body language gives your own brain some important non-verbal clues.Sometimes it is really hard toforce yourself to change your body language.It may even feel as if you're “lying" to yourself a little bit.Despite these feelings,thereis nothing wrong about using non-verbal actions to build up your own confidence and self-esteem.Knowing how and when to do this is a powerful tool in dealing with the challenges and opportunities of daily life.What are many people unaware of according to the passage?

Body language affects your interactions with other people and yourself.Many people don't realize just how powerful body language is when it comes to self-esteem and self-confidence.Maybe your mother told you to smile, even if you don't feel like it,because it can help you and the people around you feel better.This old piece of advice has real roots in reality, because your own body language has a powerful effect on you and the people around you. Smile for a few seconds and notice how you feel.You might feel a bit silly,but chances are you also feel a more positive feeling.Psychologists often use this technique to help people with depression lift their spirits, encouraging them to try to smile as much as possible.The way your body moves also affects your self-esteem and self-confidence.Stand up and walk across the room with your shoulders forward,your head down,and your feet moving heavily.How does it feel? Now walk back across the room with your shoulders square and back,your head held up,and your feet moving lightly.What differences do you notice?So,your own body language does have an impact on your daily life. One advantage to knowing this is that it gives you a greater amount of control over your own feelings and attitude.Of course a smile alone is not going to correct a great deal of sadness, or fear,but when used regularly and in combination with other non-verbal expressions, it can help you start to feel better.Another part of applying body language to your daily life is your appearance.What happens when you just throw on a pair of jeans and an old T-shirt? How do you feel? Now think about when you get dressed up in nice clothes with your hair neat and makeup looking good?How do you feel? Chances are the simple action of putting on nice clothes leaves you feeling confident,happy,and attractive.Think about all of the different ways your own body language gives your own brain some important non-verbal clues.Sometimes it is really hard toforce yourself to change your body language.It may even feel as if you're “lying" to yourself a little bit.Despite these feelings,thereis nothing wrong about using non-verbal actions to build up your own confidence and self-esteem.Knowing how and when to do this is a powerful tool in dealing with the challenges and opportunities of daily life.What message can be drawn from Paragraph 2?