Passage 5The United States has had its most devastating wildfire season on record, with more than eight million acres of land burned across the country this year. Regenerating the forests that sat on much of that land would ordinarily take years and involve hundreds of people manually replanting young trees grown in dedicated nurseries.Seattle-based DroneSeed has a much faster and more effective solution. The company uses fleets of drones (无人机) to reforest areas that have burned down, dropping what it calls "seed vessels" into areas where they have the best chance of growing back.The eight-foot drones, up to five at a time flying together on pre-programmed routes, can cover up to 50 acres a day and each carry as much as 57 pounds of seed vessels."We are six times faster than a tree planter out there with a shovel who's doing about two acres a day," DroneSeed CEO Grant Canary said. Replanting forests from the air is not a new approach, with planes or helicopters often used to scatter seeds. Experts say that method is cheaper and easier than traditional hand planting but may not be as effective."Just throwing forest tree seeds out of airplanes can be successful, and it's a lot cheaper than manual planting," said Ralph Schmidt, a geology professor. "Growing seedlings (幼苗) in nurseries and manually planting them will always have a much higher success rate than aerial sowing, but it is much more expensive."Selecting the right species of seed and the right place to drop them is key, Schmidt added.DroneSeed is trying to find a middle ground with its unique seed vessels. The specially designed packets consist of a combination of fertilizers, nutrients and pest deterrents (杀虫剂) that help the seeds take root more effectively- without having to be physically buried in the ground."The vessel absorbs moisture so that it can avoid drying out. It's also pest-proof so that the seed can avoid getting eaten," Canary said.Drones aren't the only technology the company uses to make replanting more effective. It also deploys Lidar, the sensing technology used by self-driving cars to map the world around them, to create a 3D model of the land. That's coupled with sensors that measure different wavelengths of light to tell the difference between areas of gravel and places where healthy soil may be better suited for trees to grow.According to Paragraph 1, the US needs to ().

Passage 5The United States has had its most devastating wildfire season on record, with more than eight million acres of land burned across the country this year. Regenerating the forests that sat on much of that land would ordinarily take years and involve hundreds of people manually replanting young trees grown in dedicated nurseries.Seattle-based DroneSeed has a much faster and more effective solution. The company uses fleets of drones (无人机) to reforest areas that have burned down, dropping what it calls "seed vessels" into areas where they have the best chance of growing back.The eight-foot drones, up to five at a time flying together on pre-programmed routes, can cover up to 50 acres a day and each carry as much as 57 pounds of seed vessels."We are six times faster than a tree planter out there with a shovel who's doing about two acres a day," DroneSeed CEO Grant Canary said. Replanting forests from the air is not a new approach, with planes or helicopters often used to scatter seeds. Experts say that method is cheaper and easier than traditional hand planting but may not be as effective."Just throwing forest tree seeds out of airplanes can be successful, and it's a lot cheaper than manual planting," said Ralph Schmidt, a geology professor. "Growing seedlings (幼苗) in nurseries and manually planting them will always have a much higher success rate than aerial sowing, but it is much more expensive."Selecting the right species of seed and the right place to drop them is key, Schmidt added.DroneSeed is trying to find a middle ground with its unique seed vessels. The specially designed packets consist of a combination of fertilizers, nutrients and pest deterrents (杀虫剂) that help the seeds take root more effectively- without having to be physically buried in the ground."The vessel absorbs moisture so that it can avoid drying out. It's also pest-proof so that the seed can avoid getting eaten," Canary said.Drones aren't the only technology the company uses to make replanting more effective. It also deploys Lidar, the sensing technology used by self-driving cars to map the world around them, to create a 3D model of the land. That's coupled with sensors that measure different wavelengths of light to tell the difference between areas of gravel and places where healthy soil may be better suited for trees to grow.Canary's remark in Paragraph 3 reveals his pride in the drones' ().

Passage 5The United States has had its most devastating wildfire season on record, with more than eight million acres of land burned across the country this year. Regenerating the forests that sat on much of that land would ordinarily take years and involve hundreds of people manually replanting young trees grown in dedicated nurseries.Seattle-based DroneSeed has a much faster and more effective solution. The company uses fleets of drones (无人机) to reforest areas that have burned down, dropping what it calls "seed vessels" into areas where they have the best chance of growing back.The eight-foot drones, up to five at a time flying together on pre-programmed routes, can cover up to 50 acres a day and each carry as much as 57 pounds of seed vessels."We are six times faster than a tree planter out there with a shovel who's doing about two acres a day," DroneSeed CEO Grant Canary said. Replanting forests from the air is not a new approach, with planes or helicopters often used to scatter seeds. Experts say that method is cheaper and easier than traditional hand planting but may not be as effective."Just throwing forest tree seeds out of airplanes can be successful, and it's a lot cheaper than manual planting," said Ralph Schmidt, a geology professor. "Growing seedlings (幼苗) in nurseries and manually planting them will always have a much higher success rate than aerial sowing, but it is much more expensive."Selecting the right species of seed and the right place to drop them is key, Schmidt added.DroneSeed is trying to find a middle ground with its unique seed vessels. The specially designed packets consist of a combination of fertilizers, nutrients and pest deterrents (杀虫剂) that help the seeds take root more effectively- without having to be physically buried in the ground."The vessel absorbs moisture so that it can avoid drying out. It's also pest-proof so that the seed can avoid getting eaten," Canary said.Drones aren't the only technology the company uses to make replanting more effective. It also deploys Lidar, the sensing technology used by self-driving cars to map the world around them, to create a 3D model of the land. That's coupled with sensors that measure different wavelengths of light to tell the difference between areas of gravel and places where healthy soil may be better suited for trees to grow.In what aspect is manual planting superior to aerial sowing?

Passage 5The United States has had its most devastating wildfire season on record, with more than eight million acres of land burned across the country this year. Regenerating the forests that sat on much of that land would ordinarily take years and involve hundreds of people manually replanting young trees grown in dedicated nurseries.Seattle-based DroneSeed has a much faster and more effective solution. The company uses fleets of drones (无人机) to reforest areas that have burned down, dropping what it calls "seed vessels" into areas where they have the best chance of growing back.The eight-foot drones, up to five at a time flying together on pre-programmed routes, can cover up to 50 acres a day and each carry as much as 57 pounds of seed vessels."We are six times faster than a tree planter out there with a shovel who's doing about two acres a day," DroneSeed CEO Grant Canary said. Replanting forests from the air is not a new approach, with planes or helicopters often used to scatter seeds. Experts say that method is cheaper and easier than traditional hand planting but may not be as effective."Just throwing forest tree seeds out of airplanes can be successful, and it's a lot cheaper than manual planting," said Ralph Schmidt, a geology professor. "Growing seedlings (幼苗) in nurseries and manually planting them will always have a much higher success rate than aerial sowing, but it is much more expensive."Selecting the right species of seed and the right place to drop them is key, Schmidt added.DroneSeed is trying to find a middle ground with its unique seed vessels. The specially designed packets consist of a combination of fertilizers, nutrients and pest deterrents (杀虫剂) that help the seeds take root more effectively- without having to be physically buried in the ground."The vessel absorbs moisture so that it can avoid drying out. It's also pest-proof so that the seed can avoid getting eaten," Canary said.Drones aren't the only technology the company uses to make replanting more effective. It also deploys Lidar, the sensing technology used by self-driving cars to map the world around them, to create a 3D model of the land. That's coupled with sensors that measure different wavelengths of light to tell the difference between areas of gravel and places where healthy soil may be better suited for trees to grow.What do we know about the seed vessels?

Passage 5The United States has had its most devastating wildfire season on record, with more than eight million acres of land burned across the country this year. Regenerating the forests that sat on much of that land would ordinarily take years and involve hundreds of people manually replanting young trees grown in dedicated nurseries.Seattle-based DroneSeed has a much faster and more effective solution. The company uses fleets of drones (无人机) to reforest areas that have burned down, dropping what it calls "seed vessels" into areas where they have the best chance of growing back.The eight-foot drones, up to five at a time flying together on pre-programmed routes, can cover up to 50 acres a day and each carry as much as 57 pounds of seed vessels."We are six times faster than a tree planter out there with a shovel who's doing about two acres a day," DroneSeed CEO Grant Canary said. Replanting forests from the air is not a new approach, with planes or helicopters often used to scatter seeds. Experts say that method is cheaper and easier than traditional hand planting but may not be as effective."Just throwing forest tree seeds out of airplanes can be successful, and it's a lot cheaper than manual planting," said Ralph Schmidt, a geology professor. "Growing seedlings (幼苗) in nurseries and manually planting them will always have a much higher success rate than aerial sowing, but it is much more expensive."Selecting the right species of seed and the right place to drop them is key, Schmidt added.DroneSeed is trying to find a middle ground with its unique seed vessels. The specially designed packets consist of a combination of fertilizers, nutrients and pest deterrents (杀虫剂) that help the seeds take root more effectively- without having to be physically buried in the ground."The vessel absorbs moisture so that it can avoid drying out. It's also pest-proof so that the seed can avoid getting eaten," Canary said.Drones aren't the only technology the company uses to make replanting more effective. It also deploys Lidar, the sensing technology used by self-driving cars to map the world around them, to create a 3D model of the land. That's coupled with sensors that measure different wavelengths of light to tell the difference between areas of gravel and places where healthy soil may be better suited for trees to grow.What does the last paragraph deal with?

Passage 6A rare species of coffee has been found to have a similar flavour to the varieties chosen by coffee growers for their high quality. But it is also more tolerant of the higher temperatures and more varied rainfall that are becoming increasingly typical of coffee-growing regions.Many types of coffee beans favoured for their taste only grow in a narrow range of conditions, meaning they might not survive if temperatures increase. In fact, around 60% of wild coffee species are facing extinction.Coffea stenophylla may offer a solution. Farmers stopped cultivating it in the 1920s, believing it couldn't compete in the market at the time, and it was thought to have gone extinct in some countries where it once grew, including Guinea and Sierra Leone. But two small, wild populations were rediscovered in Sierra Leone in 2018.Historical records showed that the species had an excellent flavour, but Aaron Davis at the Royal Botanic Gardens in London and his team wanted to test this properly. The researchers created samples of coffee brewed with C.stenophylla beans and served them to five professional judging panels alongside samples of high-quality arabica coffee(Coffea arabica) and robusta (Coffea canephora), which is commonly used for instant coffee.The judges said coffee made from C. stenophylla had a complex flavour with sweetness and a good body, similar to the taste of arabica. Some 81% of judges thought C. stenophylla coffee was actually arabica. They also gave it a score of 80.25 on the Speciality Coffee Association's 100-point coffee review scale, meaning it is considered a speciality coffee."I was really blown away by the taste," says Davis."It's rare to find something that tastes as good as high-quality arabica, so this is really exciting." C. stenophylla has chemicals in common with arabica, which makes them taste similar. The team's models, based on what is already known about C. stenophylla, suggest it could tolerate an average annual temperature of around 25℃, which the researchers say is roughly 6℃ higher than arabica. It is also more resistant to varying rainfall, suggesting that C. stenophylla can be cultivated in conditions in which arabica can't.Davis thinks C. stenophylla has the potential to be commercialized. "It also presents opportunities to breed with other species, like arabica," he says, making them more climate resilient and securing high-quality, high-value coffees for the future. "It's totally a new favorite offee."What do we know about most wild coffee species?

Passage 6A rare species of coffee has been found to have a similar flavour to the varieties chosen by coffee growers for their high quality. But it is also more tolerant of the higher temperatures and more varied rainfall that are becoming increasingly typical of coffee-growing regions.Many types of coffee beans favoured for their taste only grow in a narrow range of conditions, meaning they might not survive if temperatures increase. In fact, around 60% of wild coffee species are facing extinction.Coffea stenophylla may offer a solution. Farmers stopped cultivating it in the 1920s, believing it couldn't compete in the market at the time, and it was thought to have gone extinct in some countries where it once grew, including Guinea and Sierra Leone. But two small, wild populations were rediscovered in Sierra Leone in 2018.Historical records showed that the species had an excellent flavour, but Aaron Davis at the Royal Botanic Gardens in London and his team wanted to test this properly. The researchers created samples of coffee brewed with C.stenophylla beans and served them to five professional judging panels alongside samples of high-quality arabica coffee(Coffea arabica) and robusta (Coffea canephora), which is commonly used for instant coffee.The judges said coffee made from C. stenophylla had a complex flavour with sweetness and a good body, similar to the taste of arabica. Some 81% of judges thought C. stenophylla coffee was actually arabica. They also gave it a score of 80.25 on the Speciality Coffee Association's 100-point coffee review scale, meaning it is considered a speciality coffee."I was really blown away by the taste," says Davis."It's rare to find something that tastes as good as high-quality arabica, so this is really exciting." C. stenophylla has chemicals in common with arabica, which makes them taste similar. The team's models, based on what is already known about C. stenophylla, suggest it could tolerate an average annual temperature of around 25℃, which the researchers say is roughly 6℃ higher than arabica. It is also more resistant to varying rainfall, suggesting that C. stenophylla can be cultivated in conditions in which arabica can't.Davis thinks C. stenophylla has the potential to be commercialized. "It also presents opportunities to breed with other species, like arabica," he says, making them more climate resilient and securing high-quality, high-value coffees for the future. "It's totally a new favorite offee."What happened to C. stenophylla in the 1920s?

Passage 6A rare species of coffee has been found to have a similar flavour to the varieties chosen by coffee growers for their high quality. But it is also more tolerant of the higher temperatures and more varied rainfall that are becoming increasingly typical of coffee-growing regions.Many types of coffee beans favoured for their taste only grow in a narrow range of conditions, meaning they might not survive if temperatures increase. In fact, around 60% of wild coffee species are facing extinction.Coffea stenophylla may offer a solution. Farmers stopped cultivating it in the 1920s, believing it couldn't compete in the market at the time, and it was thought to have gone extinct in some countries where it once grew, including Guinea and Sierra Leone. But two small, wild populations were rediscovered in Sierra Leone in 2018.Historical records showed that the species had an excellent flavour, but Aaron Davis at the Royal Botanic Gardens in London and his team wanted to test this properly. The researchers created samples of coffee brewed with C.stenophylla beans and served them to five professional judging panels alongside samples of high-quality arabica coffee(Coffea arabica) and robusta (Coffea canephora), which is commonly used for instant coffee.The judges said coffee made from C. stenophylla had a complex flavour with sweetness and a good body, similar to the taste of arabica. Some 81% of judges thought C. stenophylla coffee was actually arabica. They also gave it a score of 80.25 on the Speciality Coffee Association's 100-point coffee review scale, meaning it is considered a speciality coffee."I was really blown away by the taste," says Davis."It's rare to find something that tastes as good as high-quality arabica, so this is really exciting." C. stenophylla has chemicals in common with arabica, which makes them taste similar. The team's models, based on what is already known about C. stenophylla, suggest it could tolerate an average annual temperature of around 25℃, which the researchers say is roughly 6℃ higher than arabica. It is also more resistant to varying rainfall, suggesting that C. stenophylla can be cultivated in conditions in which arabica can't.Davis thinks C. stenophylla has the potential to be commercialized. "It also presents opportunities to breed with other species, like arabica," he says, making them more climate resilient and securing high-quality, high-value coffees for the future. "It's totally a new favorite offee."What did most of the judges believe?

Passage 6A rare species of coffee has been found to have a similar flavour to the varieties chosen by coffee growers for their high quality. But it is also more tolerant of the higher temperatures and more varied rainfall that are becoming increasingly typical of coffee-growing regions.Many types of coffee beans favoured for their taste only grow in a narrow range of conditions, meaning they might not survive if temperatures increase. In fact, around 60% of wild coffee species are facing extinction.Coffea stenophylla may offer a solution. Farmers stopped cultivating it in the 1920s, believing it couldn't compete in the market at the time, and it was thought to have gone extinct in some countries where it once grew, including Guinea and Sierra Leone. But two small, wild populations were rediscovered in Sierra Leone in 2018.Historical records showed that the species had an excellent flavour, but Aaron Davis at the Royal Botanic Gardens in London and his team wanted to test this properly. The researchers created samples of coffee brewed with C.stenophylla beans and served them to five professional judging panels alongside samples of high-quality arabica coffee(Coffea arabica) and robusta (Coffea canephora), which is commonly used for instant coffee.The judges said coffee made from C. stenophylla had a complex flavour with sweetness and a good body, similar to the taste of arabica. Some 81% of judges thought C. stenophylla coffee was actually arabica. They also gave it a score of 80.25 on the Speciality Coffee Association's 100-point coffee review scale, meaning it is considered a speciality coffee."I was really blown away by the taste," says Davis."It's rare to find something that tastes as good as high-quality arabica, so this is really exciting." C. stenophylla has chemicals in common with arabica, which makes them taste similar. The team's models, based on what is already known about C. stenophylla, suggest it could tolerate an average annual temperature of around 25℃, which the researchers say is roughly 6℃ higher than arabica. It is also more resistant to varying rainfall, suggesting that C. stenophylla can be cultivated in conditions in which arabica can't.Davis thinks C. stenophylla has the potential to be commercialized. "It also presents opportunities to breed with other species, like arabica," he says, making them more climate resilient and securing high-quality, high-value coffees for the future. "It's totally a new favorite offee."What is the finding of Davis' research?

Passage 6A rare species of coffee has been found to have a similar flavour to the varieties chosen by coffee growers for their high quality. But it is also more tolerant of the higher temperatures and more varied rainfall that are becoming increasingly typical of coffee-growing regions.Many types of coffee beans favoured for their taste only grow in a narrow range of conditions, meaning they might not survive if temperatures increase. In fact, around 60% of wild coffee species are facing extinction.Coffea stenophylla may offer a solution. Farmers stopped cultivating it in the 1920s, believing it couldn't compete in the market at the time, and it was thought to have gone extinct in some countries where it once grew, including Guinea and Sierra Leone. But two small, wild populations were rediscovered in Sierra Leone in 2018.Historical records showed that the species had an excellent flavour, but Aaron Davis at the Royal Botanic Gardens in London and his team wanted to test this properly. The researchers created samples of coffee brewed with C.stenophylla beans and served them to five professional judging panels alongside samples of high-quality arabica coffee(Coffea arabica) and robusta (Coffea canephora), which is commonly used for instant coffee.The judges said coffee made from C. stenophylla had a complex flavour with sweetness and a good body, similar to the taste of arabica. Some 81% of judges thought C. stenophylla coffee was actually arabica. They also gave it a score of 80.25 on the Speciality Coffee Association's 100-point coffee review scale, meaning it is considered a speciality coffee."I was really blown away by the taste," says Davis."It's rare to find something that tastes as good as high-quality arabica, so this is really exciting." C. stenophylla has chemicals in common with arabica, which makes them taste similar. The team's models, based on what is already known about C. stenophylla, suggest it could tolerate an average annual temperature of around 25℃, which the researchers say is roughly 6℃ higher than arabica. It is also more resistant to varying rainfall, suggesting that C. stenophylla can be cultivated in conditions in which arabica can't.Davis thinks C. stenophylla has the potential to be commercialized. "It also presents opportunities to breed with other species, like arabica," he says, making them more climate resilient and securing high-quality, high-value coffees for the future. "It's totally a new favorite offee."How does Davis feel about the future of C. stenophylla?