Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. Facebook, the Web's most popular social networking site, has been caught in a content-rights battle after revealing that it was granting itself permanent rights to users'photos, wall posts and other information even after a user closed an account.Under fire from tens of thousands of users Facebook posted a brief message on users' home pages that said it was returning to its previous"Terms of Use"policy. Member backlash against Facebook began after a consumer advocate website,The Consumerist, flagged a change made to Facebook's policy. Facebook deleted a sentence from the old Terms of Use. That sentence said Facebook could not claim any rights to original content that a user uploaded once the user closed his or her account. The company replaced it with: "You may remove your User Content from the Site at any time. However, you acknowledge that the Company may retain archived copies of your User Content. "In response, Chris Walters,wrote in the Consumerist post, "Make sure you never upload anything you don't feel comfortable giving away, because it's Facebook's now." Thousands of indignant members either canceled their accounts or created online petition.Among them were more than 64,000 who joined a group called "The People Against the new Terms of Service." Facebook Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg tried to quell(平息)the controversy by saying the company's philosophy is that people own their information and control who they share it with. But members were not appeased because the site did not fix its Terms of Use. The company, in its post, said it was returning to its previous Terms of Use because of the "feedback" it had received."It was never our intention to confuse people or make them uneasy about sharing on Facebook," company spokesman Barry Schnitt said in blog post. " also want to be very clear that Facebook does not, nor have we ever, claimed ownership over people's content. Your content belongs to you." Schnitt said the company is in the process of rewording its Terms of Use in "simple language that defines Facebook's rights much more specifically."  Facebook's new 'Terms of Use'policy quoted in Paragraph 2 implies that____

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. Facebook, the Web's most popular social networking site, has been caught in a content-rights battle after revealing that it was granting itself permanent rights to users'photos, wall posts and other information even after a user closed an account.Under fire from tens of thousands of users Facebook posted a brief message on users' home pages that said it was returning to its previous"Terms of Use"policy. Member backlash against Facebook began after a consumer advocate website,The Consumerist, flagged a change made to Facebook's policy. Facebook deleted a sentence from the old Terms of Use. That sentence said Facebook could not claim any rights to original content that a user uploaded once the user closed his or her account. The company replaced it with: "You may remove your User Content from the Site at any time. However, you acknowledge that the Company may retain archived copies of your User Content. "In response, Chris Walters,wrote in the Consumerist post, "Make sure you never upload anything you don't feel comfortable giving away, because it's Facebook's now." Thousands of indignant members either canceled their accounts or created online petition.Among them were more than 64,000 who joined a group called "The People Against the new Terms of Service." Facebook Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg tried to quell(平息)the controversy by saying the company's philosophy is that people own their information and control who they share it with. But members were not appeased because the site did not fix its Terms of Use. The company, in its post, said it was returning to its previous Terms of Use because of the "feedback" it had received."It was never our intention to confuse people or make them uneasy about sharing on Facebook," company spokesman Barry Schnitt said in blog post. " also want to be very clear that Facebook does not, nor have we ever, claimed ownership over people's content. Your content belongs to you." Schnitt said the company is in the process of rewording its Terms of Use in "simple language that defines Facebook's rights much more specifically."  Facing the crisis, Facebook decided to____

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. Facebook, the Web's most popular social networking site, has been caught in a content-rights battle after revealing that it was granting itself permanent rights to users'photos, wall posts and other information even after a user closed an account.Under fire from tens of thousands of users Facebook posted a brief message on users' home pages that said it was returning to its previous"Terms of Use"policy. Member backlash against Facebook began after a consumer advocate website,The Consumerist, flagged a change made to Facebook's policy. Facebook deleted a sentence from the old Terms of Use. That sentence said Facebook could not claim any rights to original content that a user uploaded once the user closed his or her account. The company replaced it with: "You may remove your User Content from the Site at any time. However, you acknowledge that the Company may retain archived copies of your User Content. "In response, Chris Walters,wrote in the Consumerist post, "Make sure you never upload anything you don't feel comfortable giving away, because it's Facebook's now." Thousands of indignant members either canceled their accounts or created online petition.Among them were more than 64,000 who joined a group called "The People Against the new Terms of Service." Facebook Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg tried to quell(平息)the controversy by saying the company's philosophy is that people own their information and control who they share it with. But members were not appeased because the site did not fix its Terms of Use. The company, in its post, said it was returning to its previous Terms of Use because of the "feedback" it had received."It was never our intention to confuse people or make them uneasy about sharing on Facebook," company spokesman Barry Schnitt said in blog post. " also want to be very clear that Facebook does not, nor have we ever, claimed ownership over people's content. Your content belongs to you." Schnitt said the company is in the process of rewording its Terms of Use in "simple language that defines Facebook's rights much more specifically."  In his blog post, Barry Schnitt implied that the controversy was induced by

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. Eugenics(优生学) could be found everywhere in the U.S. in the1920s.It influenced American politics, social sciences and medicine. It shaped public policy, aesthetic theory and literature and affected popular culture. Eugenic thinking was so popular in the modern era that it attained the status of common sense. From the beginning of eugenics in the late-nineteenth-century England to its peak in the U.S. during the postwar years of the late 1910s and 1920s, few challenged the notion that modern nations especially those troubled by immigration, must improve their population in order to remain competitive in the modern world. Scholars have recently begun to acknowledge the profound influence of eugenic thought on modern white American and British writers, yet it remains unknown to most of them that some versions of eugenics also appeared in the writings of modern African American intellectuals, including not only Du bois and Dunbar-Nelson but also Jean Toomer, George Schuyler, and E. Franklin Frazier. In the end, there were not nearly as many refutations of eugenics in modern U.S. as there were competing versions of it. As Zygmunt Bauman has argued, the ideal of weeding out defective individuals and races deeply affected the U.S. and remained arguably the most outstanding feature of its collective spirit. Eugenics in some form shows up in various writings between 1890 and 1940.It was so widespread that it serves as an ideal perspective for examining often ignored aspects in American public policy class politics, racial politics, literature and even Harlem Renaissance. Indeed, in the U.S. of the 1910s and 1920s,eugenics became so widely accepted that it might be considered the guiding principle of modern American discourse(话语) There were a number of reasons for this particular success of eugenics in the U.S. First, it was a combination of scientism and progress that appealed to a wide variety of modern American intellectuals. Second, the U.S.'s particular historical circumstances in the early twentieth century-inclu— widespread immigration,a shift to an urban industrial economy, and the country's emergence as dominant global power-help further explain the rise of an ideology that promised to increase national competitiveness and efficiency. Finally, Americans accepted eugenics because it provided them with a theory that supported racism around the turn of the twentieth century.  In the era dominated by eugenics, most Americans believed that____

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. Eugenics(优生学) could be found everywhere in the U.S. in the1920s.It influenced American politics, social sciences and medicine. It shaped public policy, aesthetic theory and literature and affected popular culture. Eugenic thinking was so popular in the modern era that it attained the status of common sense. From the beginning of eugenics in the late-nineteenth-century England to its peak in the U.S. during the postwar years of the late 1910s and 1920s, few challenged the notion that modern nations especially those troubled by immigration, must improve their population in order to remain competitive in the modern world. Scholars have recently begun to acknowledge the profound influence of eugenic thought on modern white American and British writers, yet it remains unknown to most of them that some versions of eugenics also appeared in the writings of modern African American intellectuals, including not only Du bois and Dunbar-Nelson but also Jean Toomer, George Schuyler, and E. Franklin Frazier. In the end, there were not nearly as many refutations of eugenics in modern U.S. as there were competing versions of it. As Zygmunt Bauman has argued, the ideal of weeding out defective individuals and races deeply affected the U.S. and remained arguably the most outstanding feature of its collective spirit. Eugenics in some form shows up in various writings between 1890 and 1940.It was so widespread that it serves as an ideal perspective for examining often ignored aspects in American public policy class politics, racial politics, literature and even Harlem Renaissance. Indeed, in the U.S. of the 1910s and 1920s,eugenics became so widely accepted that it might be considered the guiding principle of modern American discourse(话语) There were a number of reasons for this particular success of eugenics in the U.S. First, it was a combination of scientism and progress that appealed to a wide variety of modern American intellectuals. Second, the U.S.'s particular historical circumstances in the early twentieth century-inclu— widespread immigration,a shift to an urban industrial economy, and the country's emergence as dominant global power-help further explain the rise of an ideology that promised to increase national competitiveness and efficiency. Finally, Americans accepted eugenics because it provided them with a theory that supported racism around the turn of the twentieth century.  What can we learn from Paragraph 2 ?

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. Eugenics(优生学) could be found everywhere in the U.S. in the1920s.It influenced American politics, social sciences and medicine. It shaped public policy, aesthetic theory and literature and affected popular culture. Eugenic thinking was so popular in the modern era that it attained the status of common sense. From the beginning of eugenics in the late-nineteenth-century England to its peak in the U.S. during the postwar years of the late 1910s and 1920s, few challenged the notion that modern nations especially those troubled by immigration, must improve their population in order to remain competitive in the modern world. Scholars have recently begun to acknowledge the profound influence of eugenic thought on modern white American and British writers, yet it remains unknown to most of them that some versions of eugenics also appeared in the writings of modern African American intellectuals, including not only Du bois and Dunbar-Nelson but also Jean Toomer, George Schuyler, and E. Franklin Frazier. In the end, there were not nearly as many refutations of eugenics in modern U.S. as there were competing versions of it. As Zygmunt Bauman has argued, the ideal of weeding out defective individuals and races deeply affected the U.S. and remained arguably the most outstanding feature of its collective spirit. Eugenics in some form shows up in various writings between 1890 and 1940.It was so widespread that it serves as an ideal perspective for examining often ignored aspects in American public policy class politics, racial politics, literature and even Harlem Renaissance. Indeed, in the U.S. of the 1910s and 1920s,eugenics became so widely accepted that it might be considered the guiding principle of modern American discourse(话语) There were a number of reasons for this particular success of eugenics in the U.S. First, it was a combination of scientism and progress that appealed to a wide variety of modern American intellectuals. Second, the U.S.'s particular historical circumstances in the early twentieth century-inclu— widespread immigration,a shift to an urban industrial economy, and the country's emergence as dominant global power-help further explain the rise of an ideology that promised to increase national competitiveness and efficiency. Finally, Americans accepted eugenics because it provided them with a theory that supported racism around the turn of the twentieth century.  Influenced by the eugenic thought, Americans were deeply concerned with____

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. Eugenics(优生学) could be found everywhere in the U.S. in the1920s.It influenced American politics, social sciences and medicine. It shaped public policy, aesthetic theory and literature and affected popular culture. Eugenic thinking was so popular in the modern era that it attained the status of common sense. From the beginning of eugenics in the late-nineteenth-century England to its peak in the U.S. during the postwar years of the late 1910s and 1920s, few challenged the notion that modern nations especially those troubled by immigration, must improve their population in order to remain competitive in the modern world. Scholars have recently begun to acknowledge the profound influence of eugenic thought on modern white American and British writers, yet it remains unknown to most of them that some versions of eugenics also appeared in the writings of modern African American intellectuals, including not only Du bois and Dunbar-Nelson but also Jean Toomer, George Schuyler, and E. Franklin Frazier. In the end, there were not nearly as many refutations of eugenics in modern U.S. as there were competing versions of it. As Zygmunt Bauman has argued, the ideal of weeding out defective individuals and races deeply affected the U.S. and remained arguably the most outstanding feature of its collective spirit. Eugenics in some form shows up in various writings between 1890 and 1940.It was so widespread that it serves as an ideal perspective for examining often ignored aspects in American public policy class politics, racial politics, literature and even Harlem Renaissance. Indeed, in the U.S. of the 1910s and 1920s,eugenics became so widely accepted that it might be considered the guiding principle of modern American discourse(话语) There were a number of reasons for this particular success of eugenics in the U.S. First, it was a combination of scientism and progress that appealed to a wide variety of modern American intellectuals. Second, the U.S.'s particular historical circumstances in the early twentieth century-inclu— widespread immigration,a shift to an urban industrial economy, and the country's emergence as dominant global power-help further explain the rise of an ideology that promised to increase national competitiveness and efficiency. Finally, Americans accepted eugenics because it provided them with a theory that supported racism around the turn of the twentieth century.  Eugenics was widely accepted in the U.S.____

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. Eugenics(优生学) could be found everywhere in the U.S. in the1920s.It influenced American politics, social sciences and medicine. It shaped public policy, aesthetic theory and literature and affected popular culture. Eugenic thinking was so popular in the modern era that it attained the status of common sense. From the beginning of eugenics in the late-nineteenth-century England to its peak in the U.S. during the postwar years of the late 1910s and 1920s, few challenged the notion that modern nations especially those troubled by immigration, must improve their population in order to remain competitive in the modern world. Scholars have recently begun to acknowledge the profound influence of eugenic thought on modern white American and British writers, yet it remains unknown to most of them that some versions of eugenics also appeared in the writings of modern African American intellectuals, including not only Du bois and Dunbar-Nelson but also Jean Toomer, George Schuyler, and E. Franklin Frazier. In the end, there were not nearly as many refutations of eugenics in modern U.S. as there were competing versions of it. As Zygmunt Bauman has argued, the ideal of weeding out defective individuals and races deeply affected the U.S. and remained arguably the most outstanding feature of its collective spirit. Eugenics in some form shows up in various writings between 1890 and 1940.It was so widespread that it serves as an ideal perspective for examining often ignored aspects in American public policy class politics, racial politics, literature and even Harlem Renaissance. Indeed, in the U.S. of the 1910s and 1920s,eugenics became so widely accepted that it might be considered the guiding principle of modern American discourse(话语) There were a number of reasons for this particular success of eugenics in the U.S. First, it was a combination of scientism and progress that appealed to a wide variety of modern American intellectuals. Second, the U.S.'s particular historical circumstances in the early twentieth century-inclu— widespread immigration,a shift to an urban industrial economy, and the country's emergence as dominant global power-help further explain the rise of an ideology that promised to increase national competitiveness and efficiency. Finally, Americans accepted eugenics because it provided them with a theory that supported racism around the turn of the twentieth century.  In the last paragraph, the author's discussion of eugenics is related to the following EXCEPT____

Passage 5 Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. Charles Darwin was born on February 12, 1809, at Shrewsbury, England, the second son of Dr. Robert Darwin, an eminently successful physician. From his earliest youth, Darwin was passionate lover of the outdoors. As he himself said, "I was born a naturalist."Every aspect of nature intrigued him. He loved to collect to fish and hunt, and to read nature books School, consisting largely of the study of the classics, bored him intolerably. Before he turned seventeen years old, his father sent him to the University of Edinburgh to study medicine. But medicine terrified Charles, and he continued to devote much of his time to the study of nature. When it became clear that he did not want to become a physician, his father sent him early in 1828 to Cambridge to study theology. This seemed a reasonable choice, since virtually all the naturalists in England at that time were ministers, as were the professors at Cambridge who taught botany and geology. Darwin's letters and biographical notes show that at Cambridge he devoted more time to collecting beetles, discussing botany and geology with his professors, and hunting and riding with similarly inclined friends than to his studies. Yet he did well in his examinations, and when he took his B.A. in 1831 he stood tenth on the list of nonhonors students. More importantly, when Darwin had completed his Cambridge years he was an accomplished young naturalist. Immediately upon finishing his studies, Darwin received an invitation to join The Beagle as naturalist and companion of Captain Robert FitzRoy, who had been commissioned to survey the coasts of Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego, Chile, and Peru to provide information for making better charts. The voyage was to be completed within two or three years but actually lasted five. The Beagle left Plymouth on December 27, 1831, when Darwin was twenty-two years old, and returned to England on October 2, 1836. Darwin used these five years to their fullest extent. In his Journal of Researches, he tells about all the places he visited-volcanic and coral islands, tropical forests in Brazil, the vast pampas of Patagonia, a crossing of the Andes from Chile to Tucuman in Argentina, and much, much more. Every day brought unforgettable new experiences, a valuable background for his life's work.He collected specimens from widely different groups of organisms, he dug out important fossils in Patagonia, he devoted much of his time to geology, but most of all he observed aspects of nature and asked himself many questions as to the how and why of natural processes. He asked "why" questions not only about geological features and animal life, but also about political and social situations.And it was his ability to ask profound questions and his perseverance in trying to answer them that would eventually make Darwin a great scientist.  In his childhood, Darwin was interested in____

Passage 5 Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. Charles Darwin was born on February 12, 1809, at Shrewsbury, England, the second son of Dr. Robert Darwin, an eminently successful physician. From his earliest youth, Darwin was passionate lover of the outdoors. As he himself said, "I was born a naturalist."Every aspect of nature intrigued him. He loved to collect to fish and hunt, and to read nature books School, consisting largely of the study of the classics, bored him intolerably. Before he turned seventeen years old, his father sent him to the University of Edinburgh to study medicine. But medicine terrified Charles, and he continued to devote much of his time to the study of nature. When it became clear that he did not want to become a physician, his father sent him early in 1828 to Cambridge to study theology. This seemed a reasonable choice, since virtually all the naturalists in England at that time were ministers, as were the professors at Cambridge who taught botany and geology. Darwin's letters and biographical notes show that at Cambridge he devoted more time to collecting beetles, discussing botany and geology with his professors, and hunting and riding with similarly inclined friends than to his studies. Yet he did well in his examinations, and when he took his B.A. in 1831 he stood tenth on the list of nonhonors students. More importantly, when Darwin had completed his Cambridge years he was an accomplished young naturalist. Immediately upon finishing his studies, Darwin received an invitation to join The Beagle as naturalist and companion of Captain Robert FitzRoy, who had been commissioned to survey the coasts of Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego, Chile, and Peru to provide information for making better charts. The voyage was to be completed within two or three years but actually lasted five. The Beagle left Plymouth on December 27, 1831, when Darwin was twenty-two years old, and returned to England on October 2, 1836. Darwin used these five years to their fullest extent. In his Journal of Researches, he tells about all the places he visited-volcanic and coral islands, tropical forests in Brazil, the vast pampas of Patagonia, a crossing of the Andes from Chile to Tucuman in Argentina, and much, much more. Every day brought unforgettable new experiences, a valuable background for his life's work.He collected specimens from widely different groups of organisms, he dug out important fossils in Patagonia, he devoted much of his time to geology, but most of all he observed aspects of nature and asked himself many questions as to the how and why of natural processes. He asked "why" questions not only about geological features and animal life, but also about political and social situations.And it was his ability to ask profound questions and his perseverance in trying to answer them that would eventually make Darwin a great scientist.  The author says that Darwin 'stood tenth on the list of nonhonors students' to show that____