The Lost Gold Piece 　　After the First World War, a small group of veterans（老兵）returned to their village in France. Most of them managed to get along quite well, but one—Francois Lebeau, who had been gassed （毒气中毒的）and never recovered his strength—was unable to work regularly. In time（终于）he became poverty-stricken. Yet he was too proud to accept charity from the people in the village. 　　Once each year the veterans held a reunion dinner. On one of these occasions they met in the home of Jules Grandin, who had made a good deal of money and had grown fat and pompous. Grandin produced a curiosity—a large coin on whose age, rarity and value he dwelt（详述）at some length. Each man examined it with interest as it passed around the long table. All, however, had drunk wine freely and the room was resounded with noisy talk, so that the gold piece was soon forgotten. Later, when Grandin remembered it and asked for it , the coin was missing. 　　Instantly there arose a hubbub（喧嚷）of questions and denials. Finally the village attorney（律师）suggested everyone be searched, to which all agreed—except Lebeau. His companions looked at him with surprise. 　　“You refuse, then?” asked Grandin. 　　Lebeau flushed, “Yes,” he said, “I can’t allow it.” 　　“Do you realize,” asked the owner of the gold piece, “what your refusal implies?” 　　“I did not steal the gold piece, and I will not submit to such a search,” Lebeau answered. 　　One by one, the rest of the group turned out their pockets. When the coin failed to appear, attention was focused once more on poor Lebeau. 　　"Surely you will not persist in your refusal’?" the attorney demanded. Lebeau made no reply. Grandin stalked（高视阔步地走）out of the room in anger. No one addressed another word to Lebeau and, amid the pitying stares of his friends, he walked out with the hangdog（自觉有罪的）air of a prisoner and returned to his home. 　　From that day, Lebeau was a disgraced man. People averted（转移）their eyes when they met him. He grew poorer, and when his wife died not long afterward no one knew whether it was from want（贫困）or shame. 　　A few years later, when the incident had become almost legendary （传奇般的）, Grandin made some alterations（改动）in his house. A workman found the gold coin, buried in dirt between planks（地板木条）of the floor in the room where the reunion had been held. 　　Pompous though he was, Grandin was a just man and now that he had proof that Lebeau was innocent he was quick to make amends（赔罪）. Hurrying to Lebeau’ s humble house, he told him of the amazing discovery of the coin and apologized for having suspected him. 　　“But,” he said, "you knew that the gold piece was not on your person why did you not allow yourself to be searched?" Lebeau, shabby（衣衫褴褛的），old before his time, looked at Grandin blankly（毫无表情的）.“Because I was a thief,” he said brokenly. “For weeks my family and I had not had enough to eat—any my pockets were full of food that I had taken from the table to carry home to my wife and hungry children.” 1. At yearly reunion dinner, Jules Grandin the host showed the guests a valuable gold piece and then it somehow disappeared.

The Lost Gold Piece 　　After the First World War, a small group of veterans（老兵）returned to their village in France. Most of them managed to get along quite well, but one—Francois Lebeau, who had been gassed （毒气中毒的）and never recovered his strength—was unable to work regularly. In time（终于）he became poverty-stricken. Yet he was too proud to accept charity from the people in the village. 　　Once each year the veterans held a reunion dinner. On one of these occasions they met in the home of Jules Grandin, who had made a good deal of money and had grown fat and pompous. Grandin produced a curiosity—a large coin on whose age, rarity and value he dwelt（详述）at some length. Each man examined it with interest as it passed around the long table. All, however, had drunk wine freely and the room was resounded with noisy talk, so that the gold piece was soon forgotten. Later, when Grandin remembered it and asked for it , the coin was missing. 　　Instantly there arose a hubbub（喧嚷）of questions and denials. Finally the village attorney（律师）suggested everyone be searched, to which all agreed—except Lebeau. His companions looked at him with surprise. 　　“You refuse, then?” asked Grandin. 　　Lebeau flushed, “Yes,” he said, “I can’t allow it.” 　　“Do you realize,” asked the owner of the gold piece, “what your refusal implies?” 　　“I did not steal the gold piece, and I will not submit to such a search,” Lebeau answered. 　　One by one, the rest of the group turned out their pockets. When the coin failed to appear, attention was focused once more on poor Lebeau. 　　"Surely you will not persist in your refusal’?" the attorney demanded. Lebeau made no reply. Grandin stalked（高视阔步地走）out of the room in anger. No one addressed another word to Lebeau and, amid the pitying stares of his friends, he walked out with the hangdog（自觉有罪的）air of a prisoner and returned to his home. 　　From that day, Lebeau was a disgraced man. People averted（转移）their eyes when they met him. He grew poorer, and when his wife died not long afterward no one knew whether it was from want（贫困）or shame. 　　A few years later, when the incident had become almost legendary （传奇般的）, Grandin made some alterations（改动）in his house. A workman found the gold coin, buried in dirt between planks（地板木条）of the floor in the room where the reunion had been held. 　　Pompous though he was, Grandin was a just man and now that he had proof that Lebeau was innocent he was quick to make amends（赔罪）. Hurrying to Lebeau’ s humble house, he told him of the amazing discovery of the coin and apologized for having suspected him. 　　“But,” he said, "you knew that the gold piece was not on your person why did you not allow yourself to be searched?" Lebeau, shabby（衣衫褴褛的），old before his time, looked at Grandin blankly（毫无表情的）.“Because I was a thief,” he said brokenly. “For weeks my family and I had not had enough to eat—any my pockets were full of food that I had taken from the table to carry home to my wife and hungry children.” 2. Lebeau did not allow a search because he did not realize what his refusal implied.

The Lost Gold Piece 　　After the First World War, a small group of veterans（老兵）returned to their village in France. Most of them managed to get along quite well, but one—Francois Lebeau, who had been gassed （毒气中毒的）and never recovered his strength—was unable to work regularly. In time（终于）he became poverty-stricken. Yet he was too proud to accept charity from the people in the village. 　　Once each year the veterans held a reunion dinner. On one of these occasions they met in the home of Jules Grandin, who had made a good deal of money and had grown fat and pompous. Grandin produced a curiosity—a large coin on whose age, rarity and value he dwelt（详述）at some length. Each man examined it with interest as it passed around the long table. All, however, had drunk wine freely and the room was resounded with noisy talk, so that the gold piece was soon forgotten. Later, when Grandin remembered it and asked for it , the coin was missing. 　　Instantly there arose a hubbub（喧嚷）of questions and denials. Finally the village attorney（律师）suggested everyone be searched, to which all agreed—except Lebeau. His companions looked at him with surprise. 　　“You refuse, then?” asked Grandin. 　　Lebeau flushed, “Yes,” he said, “I can’t allow it.” 　　“Do you realize,” asked the owner of the gold piece, “what your refusal implies?” 　　“I did not steal the gold piece, and I will not submit to such a search,” Lebeau answered. 　　One by one, the rest of the group turned out their pockets. When the coin failed to appear, attention was focused once more on poor Lebeau. 　　"Surely you will not persist in your refusal’?" the attorney demanded. Lebeau made no reply. Grandin stalked（高视阔步地走）out of the room in anger. No one addressed another word to Lebeau and, amid the pitying stares of his friends, he walked out with the hangdog（自觉有罪的）air of a prisoner and returned to his home. 　　From that day, Lebeau was a disgraced man. People averted（转移）their eyes when they met him. He grew poorer, and when his wife died not long afterward no one knew whether it was from want（贫困）or shame. 　　A few years later, when the incident had become almost legendary （传奇般的）, Grandin made some alterations（改动）in his house. A workman found the gold coin, buried in dirt between planks（地板木条）of the floor in the room where the reunion had been held. 　　Pompous though he was, Grandin was a just man and now that he had proof that Lebeau was innocent he was quick to make amends（赔罪）. Hurrying to Lebeau’ s humble house, he told him of the amazing discovery of the coin and apologized for having suspected him. 　　“But,” he said, "you knew that the gold piece was not on your person why did you not allow yourself to be searched?" Lebeau, shabby（衣衫褴褛的），old before his time, looked at Grandin blankly（毫无表情的）.“Because I was a thief,” he said brokenly. “For weeks my family and I had not had enough to eat—any my pockets were full of food that I had taken from the table to carry home to my wife and hungry children.” 3. After this event, Lebeau was held in contempt and his wife died from shame.

The Lost Gold Piece 　　After the First World War, a small group of veterans（老兵）returned to their village in France. Most of them managed to get along quite well, but one—Francois Lebeau, who had been gassed （毒气中毒的）and never recovered his strength—was unable to work regularly. In time（终于）he became poverty-stricken. Yet he was too proud to accept charity from the people in the village. 　　Once each year the veterans held a reunion dinner. On one of these occasions they met in the home of Jules Grandin, who had made a good deal of money and had grown fat and pompous. Grandin produced a curiosity—a large coin on whose age, rarity and value he dwelt（详述）at some length. Each man examined it with interest as it passed around the long table. All, however, had drunk wine freely and the room was resounded with noisy talk, so that the gold piece was soon forgotten. Later, when Grandin remembered it and asked for it , the coin was missing. 　　Instantly there arose a hubbub（喧嚷）of questions and denials. Finally the village attorney（律师）suggested everyone be searched, to which all agreed—except Lebeau. His companions looked at him with surprise. 　　“You refuse, then?” asked Grandin. 　　Lebeau flushed, “Yes,” he said, “I can’t allow it.” 　　“Do you realize,” asked the owner of the gold piece, “what your refusal implies?” 　　“I did not steal the gold piece, and I will not submit to such a search,” Lebeau answered. 　　One by one, the rest of the group turned out their pockets. When the coin failed to appear, attention was focused once more on poor Lebeau. 　　"Surely you will not persist in your refusal’?" the attorney demanded. Lebeau made no reply. Grandin stalked（高视阔步地走）out of the room in anger. No one addressed another word to Lebeau and, amid the pitying stares of his friends, he walked out with the hangdog（自觉有罪的）air of a prisoner and returned to his home. 　　From that day, Lebeau was a disgraced man. People averted（转移）their eyes when they met him. He grew poorer, and when his wife died not long afterward no one knew whether it was from want（贫困）or shame. 　　A few years later, when the incident had become almost legendary （传奇般的）, Grandin made some alterations（改动）in his house. A workman found the gold coin, buried in dirt between planks（地板木条）of the floor in the room where the reunion had been held. 　　Pompous though he was, Grandin was a just man and now that he had proof that Lebeau was innocent he was quick to make amends（赔罪）. Hurrying to Lebeau’ s humble house, he told him of the amazing discovery of the coin and apologized for having suspected him. 　　“But,” he said, "you knew that the gold piece was not on your person why did you not allow yourself to be searched?" Lebeau, shabby（衣衫褴褛的），old before his time, looked at Grandin blankly（毫无表情的）.“Because I was a thief,” he said brokenly. “For weeks my family and I had not had enough to eat—any my pockets were full of food that I had taken from the table to carry home to my wife and hungry children.” 4. A few years later, the coin appeared as suddenly as it had disappeared, and Lebeau was proved innocent.

The Lost Gold Piece 　　After the First World War, a small group of veterans（老兵）returned to their village in France. Most of them managed to get along quite well, but one—Francois Lebeau, who had been gassed （毒气中毒的）and never recovered his strength—was unable to work regularly. In time（终于）he became poverty-stricken. Yet he was too proud to accept charity from the people in the village. 　　Once each year the veterans held a reunion dinner. On one of these occasions they met in the home of Jules Grandin, who had made a good deal of money and had grown fat and pompous. Grandin produced a curiosity—a large coin on whose age, rarity and value he dwelt（详述）at some length. Each man examined it with interest as it passed around the long table. All, however, had drunk wine freely and the room was resounded with noisy talk, so that the gold piece was soon forgotten. Later, when Grandin remembered it and asked for it , the coin was missing. 　　Instantly there arose a hubbub（喧嚷）of questions and denials. Finally the village attorney（律师）suggested everyone be searched, to which all agreed—except Lebeau. His companions looked at him with surprise. 　　“You refuse, then?” asked Grandin. 　　Lebeau flushed, “Yes,” he said, “I can’t allow it.” 　　“Do you realize,” asked the owner of the gold piece, “what your refusal implies?” 　　“I did not steal the gold piece, and I will not submit to such a search,” Lebeau answered. 　　One by one, the rest of the group turned out their pockets. When the coin failed to appear, attention was focused once more on poor Lebeau. 　　"Surely you will not persist in your refusal’?" the attorney demanded. Lebeau made no reply. Grandin stalked（高视阔步地走）out of the room in anger. No one addressed another word to Lebeau and, amid the pitying stares of his friends, he walked out with the hangdog（自觉有罪的）air of a prisoner and returned to his home. 　　From that day, Lebeau was a disgraced man. People averted（转移）their eyes when they met him. He grew poorer, and when his wife died not long afterward no one knew whether it was from want（贫困）or shame. 　　A few years later, when the incident had become almost legendary （传奇般的）, Grandin made some alterations（改动）in his house. A workman found the gold coin, buried in dirt between planks（地板木条）of the floor in the room where the reunion had been held. 　　Pompous though he was, Grandin was a just man and now that he had proof that Lebeau was innocent he was quick to make amends（赔罪）. Hurrying to Lebeau’ s humble house, he told him of the amazing discovery of the coin and apologized for having suspected him. 　　“But,” he said, "you knew that the gold piece was not on your person why did you not allow yourself to be searched?" Lebeau, shabby（衣衫褴褛的），old before his time, looked at Grandin blankly（毫无表情的）.“Because I was a thief,” he said brokenly. “For weeks my family and I had not had enough to eat—any my pockets were full of food that I had taken from the table to carry home to my wife and hungry children.” 5. Grandin, though a self-important man, hurried to Lebeau’s home and apologized for having suspected him.

The Police and the intelligence Agents 　　American TV and movies once gave a tough and brutal picture of the American police, though now there are TV series which have cops as heroes and defenders of society. The police are grateful for the good publicity and their new image, especially in cities where there are black ghettos （聚居区）. White policemen are now careful of how they speak and behave towards their fellow black citizens. 　　The cop, or ordinary policeman, is a city or a State employee. He cannot arrest anyone outside his city or his State. He cannot even cross the border into a neighboring State in pursuit of a criminal. If the does, he can be charged with breaking the law of that State. The police who have to be really tough are those that operate in big cities, like New York, Chicago and Detroit, which have large ghettos and organized crimes. 　　Since the majority of criminals are armed, American cops have to use their guns more often than most policemen in other places and the car chases through the crowded streets of Manhattan, which are a favorite feature of gangster movies （警匪片）, are not so exaggerated. American cops get shot down, run over, stabbed, beaten up, and their wives are in constant fear that one day their men will not come home. 　　Many policemen do a lot to help children whose parents are criminals. They understand better than most citizens the awful misery of the ghettos. They feel sorry for the drug addicts, but often treat roughly the “pushers” who sell the drugs—when they can catch them. They have been accused of making no serious attempt to break up the various drug rings. They claim that such a task would be never-ending. 　　In big cities, the Police Commissioner （Head of the Force） is often appointed by Mayor and therefore senior police officers tend to be too closely linked to politics. Their ambitions sometimes tempt them to turn a blind eye or to accept bribes, which lowers the morale of the ordinary cop. The structure of the many different American police forces is said to be the most varied in the whole world. 　　The city police often come into conflict with the FBI—the Federal Bureau of Investigation. FBI men, who do not wear uniforms, have the right to cross State borders if they are pursuing a suspect. They are responsible to the US Department of Justice, and have their headquarters in Washington, D.C. The head of the FBI is chief domestic intelligence adviser to the President. The FBI men are more concerned with spies and agents hostile to the USA, radicals and Mafia（黑手党） bosses than they are with ordinary criminals, but they do keep a record of all crimes, which city and State police can consult if they wish. The FBI laboratory services, among the best in the world, are also available to local law enforcement agencies. The activities of the CIA—the Central Intelligence Agency—are now well known in every country in the world. The job of the CIA is to keep the Government informed of the activities of foreign agents and the secret preparations of hostile powers. CIA agents also work in countries where if is felt that aid, or the promise of aid, will maintain sympathy for the USA. Sometimes the CIA’s actions do just the reverse, and in many parts of the world including countries friendly to the USA, they are disliked and even feared. However, the CIA is just one of the many secret services which all countries use to protect themselves against possible enemies. 1. The police of New York, Chicago and Detroit have a particularly rough time because ( ).

The Police and the intelligence Agents 　　American TV and movies once gave a tough and brutal picture of the American police, though now there are TV series which have cops as heroes and defenders of society. The police are grateful for the good publicity and their new image, especially in cities where there are black ghettos （聚居区）. White policemen are now careful of how they speak and behave towards their fellow black citizens. 　　The cop, or ordinary policeman, is a city or a State employee. He cannot arrest anyone outside his city or his State. He cannot even cross the border into a neighboring State in pursuit of a criminal. If the does, he can be charged with breaking the law of that State. The police who have to be really tough are those that operate in big cities, like New York, Chicago and Detroit, which have large ghettos and organized crimes. 　　Since the majority of criminals are armed, American cops have to use their guns more often than most policemen in other places and the car chases through the crowded streets of Manhattan, which are a favorite feature of gangster movies （警匪片）, are not so exaggerated. American cops get shot down, run over, stabbed, beaten up, and their wives are in constant fear that one day their men will not come home. 　　Many policemen do a lot to help children whose parents are criminals. They understand better than most citizens the awful misery of the ghettos. They feel sorry for the drug addicts, but often treat roughly the “pushers” who sell the drugs—when they can catch them. They have been accused of making no serious attempt to break up the various drug rings. They claim that such a task would be never-ending. 　　In big cities, the Police Commissioner （Head of the Force） is often appointed by Mayor and therefore senior police officers tend to be too closely linked to politics. Their ambitions sometimes tempt them to turn a blind eye or to accept bribes, which lowers the morale of the ordinary cop. The structure of the many different American police forces is said to be the most varied in the whole world. 　　The city police often come into conflict with the FBI—the Federal Bureau of Investigation. FBI men, who do not wear uniforms, have the right to cross State borders if they are pursuing a suspect. They are responsible to the US Department of Justice, and have their headquarters in Washington, D.C. The head of the FBI is chief domestic intelligence adviser to the President. The FBI men are more concerned with spies and agents hostile to the USA, radicals and Mafia（黑手党） bosses than they are with ordinary criminals, but they do keep a record of all crimes, which city and State police can consult if they wish. The FBI laboratory services, among the best in the world, are also available to local law enforcement agencies. The activities of the CIA—the Central Intelligence Agency—are now well known in every country in the world. The job of the CIA is to keep the Government informed of the activities of foreign agents and the secret preparations of hostile powers. CIA agents also work in countries where if is felt that aid, or the promise of aid, will maintain sympathy for the USA. Sometimes the CIA’s actions do just the reverse, and in many parts of the world including countries friendly to the USA, they are disliked and even feared. However, the CIA is just one of the many secret services which all countries use to protect themselves against possible enemies. 2. American cops have to use their buns more often than most policemen because ( ).

The Police and the intelligence Agents 　　American TV and movies once gave a tough and brutal picture of the American police, though now there are TV series which have cops as heroes and defenders of society. The police are grateful for the good publicity and their new image, especially in cities where there are black ghettos （聚居区）. White policemen are now careful of how they speak and behave towards their fellow black citizens. 　　The cop, or ordinary policeman, is a city or a State employee. He cannot arrest anyone outside his city or his State. He cannot even cross the border into a neighboring State in pursuit of a criminal. If the does, he can be charged with breaking the law of that State. The police who have to be really tough are those that operate in big cities, like New York, Chicago and Detroit, which have large ghettos and organized crimes. 　　Since the majority of criminals are armed, American cops have to use their guns more often than most policemen in other places and the car chases through the crowded streets of Manhattan, which are a favorite feature of gangster movies （警匪片）, are not so exaggerated. American cops get shot down, run over, stabbed, beaten up, and their wives are in constant fear that one day their men will not come home. 　　Many policemen do a lot to help children whose parents are criminals. They understand better than most citizens the awful misery of the ghettos. They feel sorry for the drug addicts, but often treat roughly the “pushers” who sell the drugs—when they can catch them. They have been accused of making no serious attempt to break up the various drug rings. They claim that such a task would be never-ending. 　　In big cities, the Police Commissioner （Head of the Force） is often appointed by Mayor and therefore senior police officers tend to be too closely linked to politics. Their ambitions sometimes tempt them to turn a blind eye or to accept bribes, which lowers the morale of the ordinary cop. The structure of the many different American police forces is said to be the most varied in the whole world. 　　The city police often come into conflict with the FBI—the Federal Bureau of Investigation. FBI men, who do not wear uniforms, have the right to cross State borders if they are pursuing a suspect. They are responsible to the US Department of Justice, and have their headquarters in Washington, D.C. The head of the FBI is chief domestic intelligence adviser to the President. The FBI men are more concerned with spies and agents hostile to the USA, radicals and Mafia（黑手党） bosses than they are with ordinary criminals, but they do keep a record of all crimes, which city and State police can consult if they wish. The FBI laboratory services, among the best in the world, are also available to local law enforcement agencies. The activities of the CIA—the Central Intelligence Agency—are now well known in every country in the world. The job of the CIA is to keep the Government informed of the activities of foreign agents and the secret preparations of hostile powers. CIA agents also work in countries where if is felt that aid, or the promise of aid, will maintain sympathy for the USA. Sometimes the CIA’s actions do just the reverse, and in many parts of the world including countries friendly to the USA, they are disliked and even feared. However, the CIA is just one of the many secret services which all countries use to protect themselves against possible enemies. 3. Many American cops do a lot to help children whose parents are law-breakers because ( ).

The Police and the intelligence Agents 　　American TV and movies once gave a tough and brutal picture of the American police, though now there are TV series which have cops as heroes and defenders of society. The police are grateful for the good publicity and their new image, especially in cities where there are black ghettos （聚居区）. White policemen are now careful of how they speak and behave towards their fellow black citizens. 　　The cop, or ordinary policeman, is a city or a State employee. He cannot arrest anyone outside his city or his State. He cannot even cross the border into a neighboring State in pursuit of a criminal. If the does, he can be charged with breaking the law of that State. The police who have to be really tough are those that operate in big cities, like New York, Chicago and Detroit, which have large ghettos and organized crimes. 　　Since the majority of criminals are armed, American cops have to use their guns more often than most policemen in other places and the car chases through the crowded streets of Manhattan, which are a favorite feature of gangster movies （警匪片）, are not so exaggerated. American cops get shot down, run over, stabbed, beaten up, and their wives are in constant fear that one day their men will not come home. 　　Many policemen do a lot to help children whose parents are criminals. They understand better than most citizens the awful misery of the ghettos. They feel sorry for the drug addicts, but often treat roughly the “pushers” who sell the drugs—when they can catch them. They have been accused of making no serious attempt to break up the various drug rings. They claim that such a task would be never-ending. 　　In big cities, the Police Commissioner （Head of the Force） is often appointed by Mayor and therefore senior police officers tend to be too closely linked to politics. Their ambitions sometimes tempt them to turn a blind eye or to accept bribes, which lowers the morale of the ordinary cop. The structure of the many different American police forces is said to be the most varied in the whole world. 　　The city police often come into conflict with the FBI—the Federal Bureau of Investigation. FBI men, who do not wear uniforms, have the right to cross State borders if they are pursuing a suspect. They are responsible to the US Department of Justice, and have their headquarters in Washington, D.C. The head of the FBI is chief domestic intelligence adviser to the President. The FBI men are more concerned with spies and agents hostile to the USA, radicals and Mafia（黑手党） bosses than they are with ordinary criminals, but they do keep a record of all crimes, which city and State police can consult if they wish. The FBI laboratory services, among the best in the world, are also available to local law enforcement agencies. The activities of the CIA—the Central Intelligence Agency—are now well known in every country in the world. The job of the CIA is to keep the Government informed of the activities of foreign agents and the secret preparations of hostile powers. CIA agents also work in countries where if is felt that aid, or the promise of aid, will maintain sympathy for the USA. Sometimes the CIA’s actions do just the reverse, and in many parts of the world including countries friendly to the USA, they are disliked and even feared. However, the CIA is just one of the many secret services which all countries use to protect themselves against possible enemies. 　4. An FBI agent has the right to ( ).

The Police and the intelligence Agents 　　American TV and movies once gave a tough and brutal picture of the American police, though now there are TV series which have cops as heroes and defenders of society. The police are grateful for the good publicity and their new image, especially in cities where there are black ghettos （聚居区）. White policemen are now careful of how they speak and behave towards their fellow black citizens. 　　The cop, or ordinary policeman, is a city or a State employee. He cannot arrest anyone outside his city or his State. He cannot even cross the border into a neighboring State in pursuit of a criminal. If the does, he can be charged with breaking the law of that State. The police who have to be really tough are those that operate in big cities, like New York, Chicago and Detroit, which have large ghettos and organized crimes. 　　Since the majority of criminals are armed, American cops have to use their guns more often than most policemen in other places and the car chases through the crowded streets of Manhattan, which are a favorite feature of gangster movies （警匪片）, are not so exaggerated. American cops get shot down, run over, stabbed, beaten up, and their wives are in constant fear that one day their men will not come home. 　　Many policemen do a lot to help children whose parents are criminals. They understand better than most citizens the awful misery of the ghettos. They feel sorry for the drug addicts, but often treat roughly the “pushers” who sell the drugs—when they can catch them. They have been accused of making no serious attempt to break up the various drug rings. They claim that such a task would be never-ending. 　　In big cities, the Police Commissioner （Head of the Force） is often appointed by Mayor and therefore senior police officers tend to be too closely linked to politics. Their ambitions sometimes tempt them to turn a blind eye or to accept bribes, which lowers the morale of the ordinary cop. The structure of the many different American police forces is said to be the most varied in the whole world. 　　The city police often come into conflict with the FBI—the Federal Bureau of Investigation. FBI men, who do not wear uniforms, have the right to cross State borders if they are pursuing a suspect. They are responsible to the US Department of Justice, and have their headquarters in Washington, D.C. The head of the FBI is chief domestic intelligence adviser to the President. The FBI men are more concerned with spies and agents hostile to the USA, radicals and Mafia（黑手党） bosses than they are with ordinary criminals, but they do keep a record of all crimes, which city and State police can consult if they wish. The FBI laboratory services, among the best in the world, are also available to local law enforcement agencies. The activities of the CIA—the Central Intelligence Agency—are now well known in every country in the world. The job of the CIA is to keep the Government informed of the activities of foreign agents and the secret preparations of hostile powers. CIA agents also work in countries where if is felt that aid, or the promise of aid, will maintain sympathy for the USA. Sometimes the CIA’s actions do just the reverse, and in many parts of the world including countries friendly to the USA, they are disliked and even feared. However, the CIA is just one of the many secret services which all countries use to protect themselves against possible enemies. 　5. The job of the CIA is to ( ).