Television①Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.②Television, though not essential, has become an important part of most people' s lives. It alters people's ways of seeing the world； in many ways, it supports and sustains（维持）modem life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer ； the poor quality of programming does not elevate（提高）people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.③The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs.④Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible, to do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.⑤Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.22.Television alters people9 s ways of seeing the world； in many ways, it _______ modem life.

Television①Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.②Television, though not essential, has become an important part of most people' s lives. It alters people's ways of seeing the world； in many ways, it supports and sustains（维持）modem life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer ； the poor quality of programming does not elevate（提高）people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.③The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs.④Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible, to do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.⑤Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.23.Radio companies and _______ first experimented with television.

Television①Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.②Television, though not essential, has become an important part of most people' s lives. It alters people's ways of seeing the world； in many ways, it supports and sustains（维持）modem life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer ； the poor quality of programming does not elevate（提高）people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.③The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs.④Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible, to do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.⑤Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.24.To attract the largest viewing audience requires that the programs be _______, attractive rather than challenging.

Television①Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.②Television, though not essential, has become an important part of most people' s lives. It alters people's ways of seeing the world； in many ways, it supports and sustains（维持）modem life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter of culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer ； the poor quality of programming does not elevate（提高）people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.③The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs.④Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible, to do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.⑤Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.25.Television in America today remains with the same _______ as it had thirty years ago.

Complaining Strategies for ConsumersWhen a consumer finds that an item she or he bought does not work or there is something wrong with it, what are the helpful strategies?The first thing is to present the warranty（保单）,or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. 26_______ However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.27_______ In general, the " higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer' s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.28_______ But if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. 29_______ For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than uThis stereo（立体声音响）does not work.”The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. 30_______ She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers' right.26.

Complaining Strategies for ConsumersWhen a consumer finds that an item she or he bought does not work or there is something wrong with it, what are the helpful strategies?The first thing is to present the warranty（保单）,or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. 26_______ However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.27_______ In general, the " higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer' s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.28_______ But if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. 29_______ For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than uThis stereo（立体声音响）does not work.”The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. 30_______ She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers' right.27.

Complaining Strategies for ConsumersWhen a consumer finds that an item she or he bought does not work or there is something wrong with it, what are the helpful strategies?The first thing is to present the warranty（保单）,or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. 26_______ However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.27_______ In general, the " higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer' s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.28_______ But if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. 29_______ For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than uThis stereo（立体声音响）does not work.”The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. 30_______ She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers' right.28.

Complaining Strategies for ConsumersWhen a consumer finds that an item she or he bought does not work or there is something wrong with it, what are the helpful strategies?The first thing is to present the warranty（保单）,or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. 26_______ However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.27_______ In general, the " higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer' s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.28_______ But if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. 29_______ For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than uThis stereo（立体声音响）does not work.”The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. 30_______ She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers' right.29.

Complaining Strategies for ConsumersWhen a consumer finds that an item she or he bought does not work or there is something wrong with it, what are the helpful strategies?The first thing is to present the warranty（保单）,or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. 26_______ However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.27_______ In general, the " higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer' s favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.28_______ But if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. 29_______ For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than uThis stereo（立体声音响）does not work.”The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. 30_______ She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers' right.30.

Exploration of Outer SpaceFor nearly a century before there was such a thing as a space program, a view of space was 41_______(possibility). People could see 42_______(detail) views of the Moon, explore Mars, and study the geometric 43_______(beautiful) of Saturn's rings. All of this was made possible by a small group of artists and astronomers who made a career of 44_______(illustration) how other worlds in space might look.Lucien Rudaux, a French artist, was the first to combine his 45_______(art) talents with his knowledge of astronomy. His paintings show a mixture of skilled 46_______(observe) , brilliant imagination ,and painstaking(煞费苦心的)attention to detail. As a result, many of his works have come 47_______(surprise) close to actual conditions on 48_______(distance) planets. His paintings of Mars included moonlike craters(碗形洞)that were first photographed by the Mariner 4 probe(探测卫星)in 1965. His 1930 painting of a dust storm looks 49_______(remarkable) like a photograph of a storm taken by Orbiter 2 in 1976.The strict astronomers, including Rudaux, stimulated interest in outer space by painting what 50_______(eventual) turned out to be precise portraits(准确的模型)of the planets.41.