Passage 2 Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. 　Hollywood produces dozens, if not hundreds, of movies annually. Although a significant number of them are meant solely for entertainment and possess little-to-no artistic value, there are also movies in which actors’ performance, plot, camera work, atmosphere, and other components are so brilliant that they deserve to be awarded. 　In the beginning of the 20thcentury, such an award had been established; nowadays known as the Oscar Award* it has become a mass culture event year by year throughout almost a century. The Oscar Awards ceremony was initiated （创始）by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences （AMPAS）, formed in 1927 with the goal to honor talented actors» directors, cameramen, and other people involved in the cinema industry. 　The first ceremony of awarding was held in May, 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel. Surprisingly, the initial ceremony was a rather private events with only a little over a hundred people being invited, and with the price for tickets equaling only $5. Originally, there were 12 categories and two special honors, and there was no intrigue in the ceremony itself: the names of all the winners were announced in advance, and the ceremony itself served only for handing out the awards and for the banquet. 　To start with, its name is not Oscar, officially it is called “The Academy Award of Merit,” and “Oscar” is just a nickname. Nowadays, the Oscar is traditionally made of gold-covered metal. At the same time, despite its cultural value, an Oscar statue is incredibly cheap—it costs only $1. If an actor or another award nominee wanted, for some reason, to sell their Oscar statue, they are obliged to sell it only to the Academy, for the estimated price of $1. Such practice has been enabled since 1950, and every winner announces whether he or she wants to keep or to sell die statue. In 1989, the heirs of a producer Mike Todd wanted to sell the Oscar statue he received for his movie “Around the World in 80 Days,” but the Academy successfully blocked the deal. However, those Oscars that were awarded before 1950 can be sold and bought freely; for example, the statue received by “Orson Welles for Citizen Kane” was sold in 2011 for $861,542. 　The Academy Award of Merit is a sign of recognition of actors, directors, and other people related to the production of a movie, for their contribution and talent The ceremony has gradually become one of the main annual events in world culture.What is the proper title for the passage?

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. 　Ours is essentially a tragic age, so we refuse to take it tragically. The disaster has happened, we are among the ruins, we start to build up new little habitats, to have new little hopes. It is rather hard work: there is now no smooth road into the future, but we go round, or scramble over the obstacles. We’ve got to live, no matter how many skies have fallen. 　This was more or less Constance Chatterley's position. The war had brought the roof down over her head. And she had realized that one must live and learn. 　She married Clifford Chatterley in 1917, when he was home for a month on leave. They had a month’s honeymoon. Then he went back to Flanders: to be shipped over to England again six months later, more or less in bits. Constance, his wife, was then twenty-three years old, and he was twenty-nine. 　His bold on life was marvelous. He didn't die, and the bits seemed to grow together again. For two years he remained in the doctor's hands. Then he was pronounced a cure, and could return to life again, with the lower half of his body, from the hips down, paralyzed （瘫痪）forever. 　This was in 1920. They returned, Clifford and Constance, to his home, Wragby Hall. His father had died， Clifford was now a baronet （准男爵）, Sir Clifford, and Constance was Lady Chatterley. They came to start housekeeping and married life in the rather helpless home of the Chatterleys on a rather inadequate income. Clifford had a sister, but she had departed.. Otherwise there were no near relatives. The elder brother was dead in the war. Disabled forever, knowing he could never have any children, Clifford came home to the smoky Midlands to keep the Chatterley name alive while he could 　He was not really depressed. He could wheel himself about in a wheeled chair, and he had a bath-chair with a small motor attachment, so he could drive himself slowly round the garden and into the melancholy （令人忧郁的）park of which he was really so proud, though he pretended not to be so. 　Having suffered so much, the capacity for suffering had to some extent left him. He remained strange and bright and cheerful. Yet still in his face one saw the watchful look, the slight vacancy of a disabled man.The first paragraph mainly tells us to________ .

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. 　Ours is essentially a tragic age, so we refuse to take it tragically. The disaster has happened, we are among the ruins, we start to build up new little habitats, to have new little hopes. It is rather hard work: there is now no smooth road into the future, but we go round, or scramble over the obstacles. We’ve got to live, no matter how many skies have fallen. 　This was more or less Constance Chatterley's position. The war had brought the roof down over her head. And she had realized that one must live and learn. 　She married Clifford Chatterley in 1917, when he was home for a month on leave. They had a month’s honeymoon. Then he went back to Flanders: to be shipped over to England again six months later, more or less in bits. Constance, his wife, was then twenty-three years old, and he was twenty-nine. 　His bold on life was marvelous. He didn't die, and the bits seemed to grow together again. For two years he remained in the doctor's hands. Then he was pronounced a cure, and could return to life again, with the lower half of his body, from the hips down, paralyzed （瘫痪）forever. 　This was in 1920. They returned, Clifford and Constance, to his home, Wragby Hall. His father had died， Clifford was now a baronet （准男爵）, Sir Clifford, and Constance was Lady Chatterley. They came to start housekeeping and married life in the rather helpless home of the Chatterleys on a rather inadequate income. Clifford had a sister, but she had departed.. Otherwise there were no near relatives. The elder brother was dead in the war. Disabled forever, knowing he could never have any children, Clifford came home to the smoky Midlands to keep the Chatterley name alive while he could 　He was not really depressed. He could wheel himself about in a wheeled chair, and he had a bath-chair with a small motor attachment, so he could drive himself slowly round the garden and into the melancholy （令人忧郁的）park of which he was really so proud, though he pretended not to be so. 　Having suffered so much, the capacity for suffering had to some extent left him. He remained strange and bright and cheerful. Yet still in his face one saw the watchful look, the slight vacancy of a disabled man.While in Flanders, Clifford Chatterley________ .

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. 　Ours is essentially a tragic age, so we refuse to take it tragically. The disaster has happened, we are among the ruins, we start to build up new little habitats, to have new little hopes. It is rather hard work: there is now no smooth road into the future, but we go round, or scramble over the obstacles. We’ve got to live, no matter how many skies have fallen. 　This was more or less Constance Chatterley's position. The war had brought the roof down over her head. And she had realized that one must live and learn. 　She married Clifford Chatterley in 1917, when he was home for a month on leave. They had a month’s honeymoon. Then he went back to Flanders: to be shipped over to England again six months later, more or less in bits. Constance, his wife, was then twenty-three years old, and he was twenty-nine. 　His bold on life was marvelous. He didn't die, and the bits seemed to grow together again. For two years he remained in the doctor's hands. Then he was pronounced a cure, and could return to life again, with the lower half of his body, from the hips down, paralyzed （瘫痪）forever. 　This was in 1920. They returned, Clifford and Constance, to his home, Wragby Hall. His father had died， Clifford was now a baronet （准男爵）, Sir Clifford, and Constance was Lady Chatterley. They came to start housekeeping and married life in the rather helpless home of the Chatterleys on a rather inadequate income. Clifford had a sister, but she had departed.. Otherwise there were no near relatives. The elder brother was dead in the war. Disabled forever, knowing he could never have any children, Clifford came home to the smoky Midlands to keep the Chatterley name alive while he could 　He was not really depressed. He could wheel himself about in a wheeled chair, and he had a bath-chair with a small motor attachment, so he could drive himself slowly round the garden and into the melancholy （令人忧郁的）park of which he was really so proud, though he pretended not to be so. 　Having suffered so much, the capacity for suffering had to some extent left him. He remained strange and bright and cheerful. Yet still in his face one saw the watchful look, the slight vacancy of a disabled man.Clifford was probably born in________ .

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. 　Ours is essentially a tragic age, so we refuse to take it tragically. The disaster has happened, we are among the ruins, we start to build up new little habitats, to have new little hopes. It is rather hard work: there is now no smooth road into the future, but we go round, or scramble over the obstacles. We’ve got to live, no matter how many skies have fallen. 　This was more or less Constance Chatterley's position. The war had brought the roof down over her head. And she had realized that one must live and learn. 　She married Clifford Chatterley in 1917, when he was home for a month on leave. They had a month’s honeymoon. Then he went back to Flanders: to be shipped over to England again six months later, more or less in bits. Constance, his wife, was then twenty-three years old, and he was twenty-nine. 　His bold on life was marvelous. He didn't die, and the bits seemed to grow together again. For two years he remained in the doctor's hands. Then he was pronounced a cure, and could return to life again, with the lower half of his body, from the hips down, paralyzed （瘫痪）forever. 　This was in 1920. They returned, Clifford and Constance, to his home, Wragby Hall. His father had died， Clifford was now a baronet （准男爵）, Sir Clifford, and Constance was Lady Chatterley. They came to start housekeeping and married life in the rather helpless home of the Chatterleys on a rather inadequate income. Clifford had a sister, but she had departed.. Otherwise there were no near relatives. The elder brother was dead in the war. Disabled forever, knowing he could never have any children, Clifford came home to the smoky Midlands to keep the Chatterley name alive while he could 　He was not really depressed. He could wheel himself about in a wheeled chair, and he had a bath-chair with a small motor attachment, so he could drive himself slowly round the garden and into the melancholy （令人忧郁的）park of which he was really so proud, though he pretended not to be so. 　Having suffered so much, the capacity for suffering had to some extent left him. He remained strange and bright and cheerful. Yet still in his face one saw the watchful look, the slight vacancy of a disabled man.Clifford decided to go back home to the smoky Midlands so that________ .

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. 　Ours is essentially a tragic age, so we refuse to take it tragically. The disaster has happened, we are among the ruins, we start to build up new little habitats, to have new little hopes. It is rather hard work: there is now no smooth road into the future, but we go round, or scramble over the obstacles. We’ve got to live, no matter how many skies have fallen. 　This was more or less Constance Chatterley's position. The war had brought the roof down over her head. And she had realized that one must live and learn. 　She married Clifford Chatterley in 1917, when he was home for a month on leave. They had a month’s honeymoon. Then he went back to Flanders: to be shipped over to England again six months later, more or less in bits. Constance, his wife, was then twenty-three years old, and he was twenty-nine. 　His bold on life was marvelous. He didn't die, and the bits seemed to grow together again. For two years he remained in the doctor's hands. Then he was pronounced a cure, and could return to life again, with the lower half of his body, from the hips down, paralyzed （瘫痪）forever. 　This was in 1920. They returned, Clifford and Constance, to his home, Wragby Hall. His father had died， Clifford was now a baronet （准男爵）, Sir Clifford, and Constance was Lady Chatterley. They came to start housekeeping and married life in the rather helpless home of the Chatterleys on a rather inadequate income. Clifford had a sister, but she had departed.. Otherwise there were no near relatives. The elder brother was dead in the war. Disabled forever, knowing he could never have any children, Clifford came home to the smoky Midlands to keep the Chatterley name alive while he could 　He was not really depressed. He could wheel himself about in a wheeled chair, and he had a bath-chair with a small motor attachment, so he could drive himself slowly round the garden and into the melancholy （令人忧郁的）park of which he was really so proud, though he pretended not to be so. 　Having suffered so much, the capacity for suffering had to some extent left him. He remained strange and bright and cheerful. Yet still in his face one saw the watchful look, the slight vacancy of a disabled man.What was Clifford proud of when he lived in his hometown?

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. 　As those people on board the Mayflower settled on the Atlantic coast in 1620, they did not have to wait for roads to be built to receive passengers and produce from the other parts of the world or to send out their produce in exchange. Safe harbors—Boston, New York, Savannah—opened on ready-made highways to the whole world. The Spacious holds of ships that brought settlers could send out furs and com and rice and tobacco. An elegant London-made coach could be delivered directly to George Washington's dock at Mount Vernon on the Potomac River. 　The English who settled the thirteen American colonies were not the first Europeans to start colonies in America. Adventurers from Spain and Portugal, France and the Netherlands, along with others, had long been competing for the treasures of faraway places. A century before the Puritans came to New England, the bold Hernando Cortes, with only two hundred men, conquered the armed hordes （群）of the Aztec empire. In two years （1519-21） he had made Mexico a colony of Spain. Ten years later, Francisco Pizarro, a Spanish who enjoyed adventures and sword-fighting but could not even write his name, overcame the grand Inca empire and added Peru to the realm of the Spanish king. These Spanish conquerors were as ruthless and as courageous as any who would ever set foot on the Americas. They aimed to convert the Indians to Christianity and brought friars （修道士）to help them. But they were better at robbing than converting. They lived and died for gold and glory. They had no desire to settle down with their families as hardworking farmers. 　In 1620, when the sober William Bradford and the prudent （谨慎的）John Winthrop came to “New” England, they had another idea. They came not for gold and glory but to build homes for themselves, their children, and their grandchildren. They aimed to make a “city upon a hill” for all the world to admire. Theirs was not a violent adventure of conquest but a long-lasting tale of building. They were a bit kinder to the Indians than the Spanish conquerors had been. One of them, John Eliot, set a friendly example and even translated the Bible into the Algonquian Indian language. The Indians in New England were few in number and had no riches of gold or silver to tempt the newcomers. But they had much to teach the colonists—how to survive in the wilderness, how to hunt, and what would grow. The English colonists planted themselves and put down roots in the New World.People on board the Mayflower were lucky because they________ .

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. 　As those people on board the Mayflower settled on the Atlantic coast in 1620, they did not have to wait for roads to be built to receive passengers and produce from the other parts of the world or to send out their produce in exchange. Safe harbors—Boston, New York, Savannah—opened on ready-made highways to the whole world. The Spacious holds of ships that brought settlers could send out furs and com and rice and tobacco. An elegant London-made coach could be delivered directly to George Washington's dock at Mount Vernon on the Potomac River. 　The English who settled the thirteen American colonies were not the first Europeans to start colonies in America. Adventurers from Spain and Portugal, France and the Netherlands, along with others, had long been competing for the treasures of faraway places. A century before the Puritans came to New England, the bold Hernando Cortes, with only two hundred men, conquered the armed hordes （群）of the Aztec empire. In two years （1519-21） he had made Mexico a colony of Spain. Ten years later, Francisco Pizarro, a Spanish who enjoyed adventures and sword-fighting but could not even write his name, overcame the grand Inca empire and added Peru to the realm of the Spanish king. These Spanish conquerors were as ruthless and as courageous as any who would ever set foot on the Americas. They aimed to convert the Indians to Christianity and brought friars （修道士）to help them. But they were better at robbing than converting. They lived and died for gold and glory. They had no desire to settle down with their families as hardworking farmers. 　In 1620, when the sober William Bradford and the prudent （谨慎的）John Winthrop came to “New” England, they had another idea. They came not for gold and glory but to build homes for themselves, their children, and their grandchildren. They aimed to make a “city upon a hill” for all the world to admire. Theirs was not a violent adventure of conquest but a long-lasting tale of building. They were a bit kinder to the Indians than the Spanish conquerors had been. One of them, John Eliot, set a friendly example and even translated the Bible into the Algonquian Indian language. The Indians in New England were few in number and had no riches of gold or silver to tempt the newcomers. But they had much to teach the colonists—how to survive in the wilderness, how to hunt, and what would grow. The English colonists planted themselves and put down roots in the New World.Who overcame the Aztec empire with only two hundred men?

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. 　As those people on board the Mayflower settled on the Atlantic coast in 1620, they did not have to wait for roads to be built to receive passengers and produce from the other parts of the world or to send out their produce in exchange. Safe harbors—Boston, New York, Savannah—opened on ready-made highways to the whole world. The Spacious holds of ships that brought settlers could send out furs and com and rice and tobacco. An elegant London-made coach could be delivered directly to George Washington's dock at Mount Vernon on the Potomac River. 　The English who settled the thirteen American colonies were not the first Europeans to start colonies in America. Adventurers from Spain and Portugal, France and the Netherlands, along with others, had long been competing for the treasures of faraway places. A century before the Puritans came to New England, the bold Hernando Cortes, with only two hundred men, conquered the armed hordes （群）of the Aztec empire. In two years （1519-21） he had made Mexico a colony of Spain. Ten years later, Francisco Pizarro, a Spanish who enjoyed adventures and sword-fighting but could not even write his name, overcame the grand Inca empire and added Peru to the realm of the Spanish king. These Spanish conquerors were as ruthless and as courageous as any who would ever set foot on the Americas. They aimed to convert the Indians to Christianity and brought friars （修道士）to help them. But they were better at robbing than converting. They lived and died for gold and glory. They had no desire to settle down with their families as hardworking farmers. 　In 1620, when the sober William Bradford and the prudent （谨慎的）John Winthrop came to “New” England, they had another idea. They came not for gold and glory but to build homes for themselves, their children, and their grandchildren. They aimed to make a “city upon a hill” for all the world to admire. Theirs was not a violent adventure of conquest but a long-lasting tale of building. They were a bit kinder to the Indians than the Spanish conquerors had been. One of them, John Eliot, set a friendly example and even translated the Bible into the Algonquian Indian language. The Indians in New England were few in number and had no riches of gold or silver to tempt the newcomers. But they had much to teach the colonists—how to survive in the wilderness, how to hunt, and what would grow. The English colonists planted themselves and put down roots in the New World.When did Peru become a colony of Spain?

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage. 　As those people on board the Mayflower settled on the Atlantic coast in 1620, they did not have to wait for roads to be built to receive passengers and produce from the other parts of the world or to send out their produce in exchange. Safe harbors—Boston, New York, Savannah—opened on ready-made highways to the whole world. The Spacious holds of ships that brought settlers could send out furs and com and rice and tobacco. An elegant London-made coach could be delivered directly to George Washington's dock at Mount Vernon on the Potomac River. 　The English who settled the thirteen American colonies were not the first Europeans to start colonies in America. Adventurers from Spain and Portugal, France and the Netherlands, along with others, had long been competing for the treasures of faraway places. A century before the Puritans came to New England, the bold Hernando Cortes, with only two hundred men, conquered the armed hordes （群）of the Aztec empire. In two years （1519-21） he had made Mexico a colony of Spain. Ten years later, Francisco Pizarro, a Spanish who enjoyed adventures and sword-fighting but could not even write his name, overcame the grand Inca empire and added Peru to the realm of the Spanish king. These Spanish conquerors were as ruthless and as courageous as any who would ever set foot on the Americas. They aimed to convert the Indians to Christianity and brought friars （修道士）to help them. But they were better at robbing than converting. They lived and died for gold and glory. They had no desire to settle down with their families as hardworking farmers. 　In 1620, when the sober William Bradford and the prudent （谨慎的）John Winthrop came to “New” England, they had another idea. They came not for gold and glory but to build homes for themselves, their children, and their grandchildren. They aimed to make a “city upon a hill” for all the world to admire. Theirs was not a violent adventure of conquest but a long-lasting tale of building. They were a bit kinder to the Indians than the Spanish conquerors had been. One of them, John Eliot, set a friendly example and even translated the Bible into the Algonquian Indian language. The Indians in New England were few in number and had no riches of gold or silver to tempt the newcomers. But they had much to teach the colonists—how to survive in the wilderness, how to hunt, and what would grow. The English colonists planted themselves and put down roots in the New World.What does “to convert the Indians to Christianity” mean in Paragraph 2?