Passage 6 Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Getting a good night's sleep tonight could guard children against weight gain in the future. According to a new study, putting preschoolers in bed by 8 p.m. could reduce their chances of becoming overweight or obese(肥胖的) later in life by half. Preschoolers are children around the age of 4 or 5. The term "obese"refers” to calculations of your Body Mass Index, what doctors call BMI. They use person's height, weight and age to assess their amount of body fat. BMIs help tell whether a person is underweight, normal, overweight or obese. The World Health Organization says obesity can lead to serious long-term health problems like diabetes (糖尿病)， heart disease and stroke. Researchers from the Ohio State University's College of Public Health have found that young children who go to bed after 9 p.m. are twice as likely to be obese later in life. The lead author of the study is Sarah Anderson. She is an associate professor of epidemiology(流行病学). She studies how diseases spread and how they can be controlled. Anderson says that, for parents, the results of the study support the importance of creating a bedtime routine. She says that having a usual bedtime routine is something "families can do to lower their child's risk"of becoming overweight. A usual, early bedtime, Anderson adds, "is also likely to have positive benefits on behavior and on social, emotional and cognitive development." Researchers used data from 977 children for the study. These children are part of a larger project called the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. The project follows healthy babies born in 1991 in 10 U.S. cities. The children were 4.5 years old when their mothers reported their usual weekday bedtime. Researchers then divided the children into three groups: A) those who went to bed by 8 p.m. or earlier;B) those who went to bed between 8 p.m. and p.m. and C) those whose bedtimes were after 9 p.m. When these children turned 15 years old, the researchers looked at their rates of obesity. Of those with the earliest bedtimes only one out of 10 was obese. Of those who went to bed between 8 and 9 p.m., 16 percent became obese. And out of those with the latest bedtimes, 23 percent became obese. Anderson said putting children in bed early does not mean they will immediately fall asleep. But,she adds, it makes it"more likely that children will get the amount of sleep they need to be at their best." Which is the proper title for this passage?

Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Mount Rushmore (now known as the President’s Mountain), located just north of Custer State Park in South Dakota’s Black Hills National Forest, was named for the New York lawyer Charles E. Rushmore, who traveled to the Black Hills in 1884 to inspect mining claims in the region. When Rushmore asked a local man the name of a nearby mountain, he reportedly replied that it never had a name before，but from now on would be known as Rushmore Peak (later Mount Rushmore). Seeking to attract tourism to the Black Hills in the early 1920s，South Dakota’s state historian Doane Robinson came up with the idea to sculpt (雕刻)the rocks into the shape of historic heroes of the West. In August 1924，Robinson contacted Gutzon Borglum，an American sculptor of Danish descent who was then working on carving an image of the Confederate General Robert E. Lee into the face of Georgia’s Stone Mountain. Borglum suggested that the subjects of the South Dakota work be George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, as that would attract more national interest. He would later add Thomas Jefferson and Theodore Roosevelt to the list, in recognition of their contributions to the birth of democracy and the growth of the United States. After President Calvin Coolidge traveled to the Black Hills for his summer vacation, Borglum convinced the president to deliver an official dedication speech at Mount Rushmore on August 10，1927; carving began that October. In 1929，during the last days of his presidency, Coolidge signed legislation appropriating $250,000 in federal funds for the Rushmore project and creating the Mount Rushmore National Memorial Commission. On July 4,1930,a dedication ceremony was held for the head of Washington. After workers found the stone in the original site to be too weak, they moved Jefferson’s head from the right of Washington’s to the left; the head was dedicated in August 1936，in a ceremony attended by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In September 1937，Lincoln’s head was dedicated, while the fourth and final head-that of Theodore Roosevelt-was dedicated in July 1939. Gutzon Borglum died in March 1941，and it was left to his son Lincoln to complete the final details of Mount Rushmore in time for its dedication ceremony on October 31 of that year. Mount Rushmore National Memorial, known as the “Shrine of Democracy,”has become one of the most iconic images of America and an international tourist attraction. In 1991，Mount Rushmore celebrated its 50th anniversary after undergoing a $40 million restoration project. The National Park Service, which maintains Mount Rushmore, records upwards of 2 million visitors every year. Mount Rushmore is also called_________.

Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Mount Rushmore (now known as the President’s Mountain), located just north of Custer State Park in South Dakota’s Black Hills National Forest, was named for the New York lawyer Charles E. Rushmore, who traveled to the Black Hills in 1884 to inspect mining claims in the region. When Rushmore asked a local man the name of a nearby mountain, he reportedly replied that it never had a name before，but from now on would be known as Rushmore Peak (later Mount Rushmore). Seeking to attract tourism to the Black Hills in the early 1920s，South Dakota’s state historian Doane Robinson came up with the idea to sculpt (雕刻)the rocks into the shape of historic heroes of the West. In August 1924，Robinson contacted Gutzon Borglum，an American sculptor of Danish descent who was then working on carving an image of the Confederate General Robert E. Lee into the face of Georgia’s Stone Mountain. Borglum suggested that the subjects of the South Dakota work be George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, as that would attract more national interest. He would later add Thomas Jefferson and Theodore Roosevelt to the list, in recognition of their contributions to the birth of democracy and the growth of the United States. After President Calvin Coolidge traveled to the Black Hills for his summer vacation, Borglum convinced the president to deliver an official dedication speech at Mount Rushmore on August 10，1927; carving began that October. In 1929，during the last days of his presidency, Coolidge signed legislation appropriating $250,000 in federal funds for the Rushmore project and creating the Mount Rushmore National Memorial Commission. On July 4,1930,a dedication ceremony was held for the head of Washington. After workers found the stone in the original site to be too weak, they moved Jefferson’s head from the right of Washington’s to the left; the head was dedicated in August 1936，in a ceremony attended by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In September 1937，Lincoln’s head was dedicated, while the fourth and final head-that of Theodore Roosevelt-was dedicated in July 1939. Gutzon Borglum died in March 1941，and it was left to his son Lincoln to complete the final details of Mount Rushmore in time for its dedication ceremony on October 31 of that year. Mount Rushmore National Memorial, known as the “Shrine of Democracy,”has become one of the most iconic images of America and an international tourist attraction. In 1991，Mount Rushmore celebrated its 50th anniversary after undergoing a $40 million restoration project. The National Park Service, which maintains Mount Rushmore, records upwards of 2 million visitors every year. For what did Doane Robinson suggest sculpting the rocks into the shape of historic heroes of the West?

Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Mount Rushmore (now known as the President’s Mountain), located just north of Custer State Park in South Dakota’s Black Hills National Forest, was named for the New York lawyer Charles E. Rushmore, who traveled to the Black Hills in 1884 to inspect mining claims in the region. When Rushmore asked a local man the name of a nearby mountain, he reportedly replied that it never had a name before，but from now on would be known as Rushmore Peak (later Mount Rushmore). Seeking to attract tourism to the Black Hills in the early 1920s，South Dakota’s state historian Doane Robinson came up with the idea to sculpt (雕刻)the rocks into the shape of historic heroes of the West. In August 1924，Robinson contacted Gutzon Borglum，an American sculptor of Danish descent who was then working on carving an image of the Confederate General Robert E. Lee into the face of Georgia’s Stone Mountain. Borglum suggested that the subjects of the South Dakota work be George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, as that would attract more national interest. He would later add Thomas Jefferson and Theodore Roosevelt to the list, in recognition of their contributions to the birth of democracy and the growth of the United States. After President Calvin Coolidge traveled to the Black Hills for his summer vacation, Borglum convinced the president to deliver an official dedication speech at Mount Rushmore on August 10，1927; carving began that October. In 1929，during the last days of his presidency, Coolidge signed legislation appropriating $250,000 in federal funds for the Rushmore project and creating the Mount Rushmore National Memorial Commission. On July 4,1930,a dedication ceremony was held for the head of Washington. After workers found the stone in the original site to be too weak, they moved Jefferson’s head from the right of Washington’s to the left; the head was dedicated in August 1936，in a ceremony attended by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In September 1937，Lincoln’s head was dedicated, while the fourth and final head-that of Theodore Roosevelt-was dedicated in July 1939. Gutzon Borglum died in March 1941，and it was left to his son Lincoln to complete the final details of Mount Rushmore in time for its dedication ceremony on October 31 of that year. Mount Rushmore National Memorial, known as the “Shrine of Democracy,”has become one of the most iconic images of America and an international tourist attraction. In 1991，Mount Rushmore celebrated its 50th anniversary after undergoing a $40 million restoration project. The National Park Service, which maintains Mount Rushmore, records upwards of 2 million visitors every year. What did Gutzon Borglum convince President Calvin Coolidge to do?

Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Mount Rushmore (now known as the President’s Mountain), located just north of Custer State Park in South Dakota’s Black Hills National Forest, was named for the New York lawyer Charles E. Rushmore, who traveled to the Black Hills in 1884 to inspect mining claims in the region. When Rushmore asked a local man the name of a nearby mountain, he reportedly replied that it never had a name before，but from now on would be known as Rushmore Peak (later Mount Rushmore). Seeking to attract tourism to the Black Hills in the early 1920s，South Dakota’s state historian Doane Robinson came up with the idea to sculpt (雕刻)the rocks into the shape of historic heroes of the West. In August 1924，Robinson contacted Gutzon Borglum，an American sculptor of Danish descent who was then working on carving an image of the Confederate General Robert E. Lee into the face of Georgia’s Stone Mountain. Borglum suggested that the subjects of the South Dakota work be George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, as that would attract more national interest. He would later add Thomas Jefferson and Theodore Roosevelt to the list, in recognition of their contributions to the birth of democracy and the growth of the United States. After President Calvin Coolidge traveled to the Black Hills for his summer vacation, Borglum convinced the president to deliver an official dedication speech at Mount Rushmore on August 10，1927; carving began that October. In 1929，during the last days of his presidency, Coolidge signed legislation appropriating $250,000 in federal funds for the Rushmore project and creating the Mount Rushmore National Memorial Commission. On July 4,1930,a dedication ceremony was held for the head of Washington. After workers found the stone in the original site to be too weak, they moved Jefferson’s head from the right of Washington’s to the left; the head was dedicated in August 1936，in a ceremony attended by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In September 1937，Lincoln’s head was dedicated, while the fourth and final head-that of Theodore Roosevelt-was dedicated in July 1939. Gutzon Borglum died in March 1941，and it was left to his son Lincoln to complete the final details of Mount Rushmore in time for its dedication ceremony on October 31 of that year. Mount Rushmore National Memorial, known as the “Shrine of Democracy,”has become one of the most iconic images of America and an international tourist attraction. In 1991，Mount Rushmore celebrated its 50th anniversary after undergoing a $40 million restoration project. The National Park Service, which maintains Mount Rushmore, records upwards of 2 million visitors every year. Who played a vital role in providing money for the Rushmore project?

Passage 1 Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Mount Rushmore (now known as the President’s Mountain), located just north of Custer State Park in South Dakota’s Black Hills National Forest, was named for the New York lawyer Charles E. Rushmore, who traveled to the Black Hills in 1884 to inspect mining claims in the region. When Rushmore asked a local man the name of a nearby mountain, he reportedly replied that it never had a name before，but from now on would be known as Rushmore Peak (later Mount Rushmore). Seeking to attract tourism to the Black Hills in the early 1920s，South Dakota’s state historian Doane Robinson came up with the idea to sculpt (雕刻)the rocks into the shape of historic heroes of the West. In August 1924，Robinson contacted Gutzon Borglum，an American sculptor of Danish descent who was then working on carving an image of the Confederate General Robert E. Lee into the face of Georgia’s Stone Mountain. Borglum suggested that the subjects of the South Dakota work be George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, as that would attract more national interest. He would later add Thomas Jefferson and Theodore Roosevelt to the list, in recognition of their contributions to the birth of democracy and the growth of the United States. After President Calvin Coolidge traveled to the Black Hills for his summer vacation, Borglum convinced the president to deliver an official dedication speech at Mount Rushmore on August 10，1927; carving began that October. In 1929，during the last days of his presidency, Coolidge signed legislation appropriating $250,000 in federal funds for the Rushmore project and creating the Mount Rushmore National Memorial Commission. On July 4,1930,a dedication ceremony was held for the head of Washington. After workers found the stone in the original site to be too weak, they moved Jefferson’s head from the right of Washington’s to the left; the head was dedicated in August 1936，in a ceremony attended by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In September 1937，Lincoln’s head was dedicated, while the fourth and final head-that of Theodore Roosevelt-was dedicated in July 1939. Gutzon Borglum died in March 1941，and it was left to his son Lincoln to complete the final details of Mount Rushmore in time for its dedication ceremony on October 31 of that year. Mount Rushmore National Memorial, known as the “Shrine of Democracy,”has become one of the most iconic images of America and an international tourist attraction. In 1991，Mount Rushmore celebrated its 50th anniversary after undergoing a $40 million restoration project. The National Park Service, which maintains Mount Rushmore, records upwards of 2 million visitors every year. President Franklin D. Roosevelt attended the dedication ceremony held for the head of _______.

请用括号单词的恰当形式填空(neighbor) I happened to be in the_____, and Captain Ellis graciously invited Me—and photographer Adam Ferguson—along for the ride.

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. Icons are objects in our environment that evoke deeply-felt emotional responses from those for whom they have a special, shared meaning. These magical items also function in popular art as a type of expression and provide both the creator and the audience with shared cultural experiences that carry with them a deep and meaningful significance far beyond their physical reality. Icons have a type of religious significance. It is this religious significance that provides them with their basic power. A few years ago there was a story about a silver chalice (圣杯) brought to a small town in Brazil by a visiting American priest which bore the following words: “In memory of Marilyn Monroe.” A remarkable mixture of the sacred and the secular (世俗的)，an integration of the strengths of both into a super icon. The Western romance is at its very basis religious in its implications. The hero，standing between the wilderness on the one hand and civilization on the other, balances, much like a priest，between the powers of light and darkness because he has the strengths of both and uses them against the weaknesses of the wilderness. The hero-priest functions as a nineteenth-century savior by combining New Testament mercy with Old Testament justice. In the Western romance the gun，the horse, and the landscape are the central icons. While the horse enables the hero to move easily about the virtue-laden (富有美德的)and vice-ridden landscape, the gun aids him in the final judgment between good and evil. The hero’s gun must, of course, be special, almost magical; it is given the power with the forces of life and death，right and wrong. The hero’s gun is not a tool,but a real extension of the manhood and the “rightness” of the hero-savior. Speaking of the horse as an icon, it is representative of the force of nature, mute evidence of the hero’s mastery over nature，of his ability to command respect from nature’s forces. Consistent with the iconic significance of the gun and the horse, is the landscape itself，which finds its most complete expression in film.The landscape is not just a backdrop against which the story is set，but rather an integral part of the action. It is the wilderness in all of its positive-negative completeness, being able to provide spiritual and physical healthfulness for the modem experience. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “icon”?

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. Icons are objects in our environment that evoke deeply-felt emotional responses from those for whom they have a special, shared meaning. These magical items also function in popular art as a type of expression and provide both the creator and the audience with shared cultural experiences that carry with them a deep and meaningful significance far beyond their physical reality. Icons have a type of religious significance. It is this religious significance that provides them with their basic power. A few years ago there was a story about a silver chalice (圣杯) brought to a small town in Brazil by a visiting American priest which bore the following words: “In memory of Marilyn Monroe.” A remarkable mixture of the sacred and the secular (世俗的)，an integration of the strengths of both into a super icon. The Western romance is at its very basis religious in its implications. The hero，standing between the wilderness on the one hand and civilization on the other, balances, much like a priest，between the powers of light and darkness because he has the strengths of both and uses them against the weaknesses of the wilderness. The hero-priest functions as a nineteenth-century savior by combining New Testament mercy with Old Testament justice. In the Western romance the gun，the horse, and the landscape are the central icons. While the horse enables the hero to move easily about the virtue-laden (富有美德的)and vice-ridden landscape, the gun aids him in the final judgment between good and evil. The hero’s gun must, of course, be special, almost magical; it is given the power with the forces of life and death，right and wrong. The hero’s gun is not a tool,but a real extension of the manhood and the “rightness” of the hero-savior. Speaking of the horse as an icon, it is representative of the force of nature, mute evidence of the hero’s mastery over nature，of his ability to command respect from nature’s forces. Consistent with the iconic significance of the gun and the horse, is the landscape itself，which finds its most complete expression in film.The landscape is not just a backdrop against which the story is set，but rather an integral part of the action. It is the wilderness in all of its positive-negative completeness, being able to provide spiritual and physical healthfulness for the modem experience. Why are icons important for artists?

Passage 3 Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage. Icons are objects in our environment that evoke deeply-felt emotional responses from those for whom they have a special, shared meaning. These magical items also function in popular art as a type of expression and provide both the creator and the audience with shared cultural experiences that carry with them a deep and meaningful significance far beyond their physical reality. Icons have a type of religious significance. It is this religious significance that provides them with their basic power. A few years ago there was a story about a silver chalice (圣杯) brought to a small town in Brazil by a visiting American priest which bore the following words: “In memory of Marilyn Monroe.” A remarkable mixture of the sacred and the secular (世俗的)，an integration of the strengths of both into a super icon. The Western romance is at its very basis religious in its implications. The hero，standing between the wilderness on the one hand and civilization on the other, balances, much like a priest，between the powers of light and darkness because he has the strengths of both and uses them against the weaknesses of the wilderness. The hero-priest functions as a nineteenth-century savior by combining New Testament mercy with Old Testament justice. In the Western romance the gun，the horse, and the landscape are the central icons. While the horse enables the hero to move easily about the virtue-laden (富有美德的)and vice-ridden landscape, the gun aids him in the final judgment between good and evil. The hero’s gun must, of course, be special, almost magical; it is given the power with the forces of life and death，right and wrong. The hero’s gun is not a tool,but a real extension of the manhood and the “rightness” of the hero-savior. Speaking of the horse as an icon, it is representative of the force of nature, mute evidence of the hero’s mastery over nature，of his ability to command respect from nature’s forces. Consistent with the iconic significance of the gun and the horse, is the landscape itself，which finds its most complete expression in film.The landscape is not just a backdrop against which the story is set，but rather an integral part of the action. It is the wilderness in all of its positive-negative completeness, being able to provide spiritual and physical healthfulness for the modem experience. In the Western romance,the hero has to balance between the powers of light and darkness to________.