Passage OneThe Hope diamond is one of the largest and most famous jewels in the world. For fifty years, it has been in the collection of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History in Washington,D.C.To mark its anniversary ,the museum is showing the forty-five carat(克拉） blue diamond for the first time without its usual setting. Visitors can now see the Hope diamond in all its natural beauty.The Hope diamond has a long and rich history.lt was formed over a billion years ago far beneath the Earths surface. The stone was discovered in a mine in India during the 17th century.lt was more than one hundred carats in weight. In 1668, the stone was sold to the ruler of France, King Louis the Fourteenth.A few years later,the king’s jeweler re-cut the stone to a weight of about 67 carats.The stone was later lost during the French Revolution. A re-cut version of this blue diamond later reappeared in England.Different families and jewelry experts have owned the stone over the years.The diamond received its name from one of its 19th century owners, Henry Phillip Hope. A wealthy American woman named Evalyn Walsh McLean bought the Hope diamond in 1911. During her ownership the stone was placed in a setting surrounded by 16 small white diamonds on a long diamond chain.Last month,the Smithsonian removed the Hope diamond from this setting. Visitors can see the diamond all by itself, in all its sparkling blue glory. In April, the Hope diamond will temporarily be placed in a new necklace before returning to its original setting.Also in April, the Smithsonian will release a new movie about the diamond’s history.The Hope diamond is one of the most visited objects in the museum.Museum organizers say they wanted people to be able to see the famous stone in a new way.How big is the Hope diamond now?

Passage OneThe Hope diamond is one of the largest and most famous jewels in the world. For fifty years, it has been in the collection of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History in Washington,D.C.To mark its anniversary ,the museum is showing the forty-five carat(克拉） blue diamond for the first time without its usual setting. Visitors can now see the Hope diamond in all its natural beauty.The Hope diamond has a long and rich history.lt was formed over a billion years ago far beneath the Earths surface. The stone was discovered in a mine in India during the 17th century.lt was more than one hundred carats in weight. In 1668, the stone was sold to the ruler of France, King Louis the Fourteenth.A few years later,the king’s jeweler re-cut the stone to a weight of about 67 carats.The stone was later lost during the French Revolution. A re-cut version of this blue diamond later reappeared in England.Different families and jewelry experts have owned the stone over the years.The diamond received its name from one of its 19th century owners, Henry Phillip Hope. A wealthy American woman named Evalyn Walsh McLean bought the Hope diamond in 1911. During her ownership the stone was placed in a setting surrounded by 16 small white diamonds on a long diamond chain.Last month,the Smithsonian removed the Hope diamond from this setting. Visitors can see the diamond all by itself, in all its sparkling blue glory. In April, the Hope diamond will temporarily be placed in a new necklace before returning to its original setting.Also in April, the Smithsonian will release a new movie about the diamond’s history.The Hope diamond is one of the most visited objects in the museum.Museum organizers say they wanted people to be able to see the famous stone in a new way.Where was the Hope diamond originally discovered?

Passage OneThe Hope diamond is one of the largest and most famous jewels in the world. For fifty years, it has been in the collection of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History in Washington,D.C.To mark its anniversary ,the museum is showing the forty-five carat(克拉） blue diamond for the first time without its usual setting. Visitors can now see the Hope diamond in all its natural beauty.The Hope diamond has a long and rich history.lt was formed over a billion years ago far beneath the Earths surface. The stone was discovered in a mine in India during the 17th century.lt was more than one hundred carats in weight. In 1668, the stone was sold to the ruler of France, King Louis the Fourteenth.A few years later,the king’s jeweler re-cut the stone to a weight of about 67 carats.The stone was later lost during the French Revolution. A re-cut version of this blue diamond later reappeared in England.Different families and jewelry experts have owned the stone over the years.The diamond received its name from one of its 19th century owners, Henry Phillip Hope. A wealthy American woman named Evalyn Walsh McLean bought the Hope diamond in 1911. During her ownership the stone was placed in a setting surrounded by 16 small white diamonds on a long diamond chain.Last month,the Smithsonian removed the Hope diamond from this setting. Visitors can see the diamond all by itself, in all its sparkling blue glory. In April, the Hope diamond will temporarily be placed in a new necklace before returning to its original setting.Also in April, the Smithsonian will release a new movie about the diamond’s history.The Hope diamond is one of the most visited objects in the museum.Museum organizers say they wanted people to be able to see the famous stone in a new way.Smithsonian’s National Museum is going to show the Hope diamond without its usual setting, because____.

Passage TwoWhat are the differences between public and private in American higher education? A big difference involves money. Public colleges and universities charge for an education just like private schools. But state schools cost less because they get money from the states that started them to educate local citizens. As a result, out-of-state and international students usually pay more than state residents, at least the first year.The state with the most residents, almost forty million, is California. Its systems of two-year and four-year colleges and universities are among the largest in the world. But the example we are going to focus on today is to the north of California,in a much smaller state on the West Coast：Oregon.The University of Oregon, located in Eugene, is one of the campuses in the Oregon University System.The cost for undergraduates this year is $6,000 for state residents.Housing is an additional $8,000. Non-residents pay the same for housing—but almost $20,000 for tuition and fees.Let’s see how these numbers compare to a private college in Oregon.Lewis and Clark College in Portland has 4, 000 students, compared to 20,000 at the University of Oregon.Housing costs $800 more than at the state school.But the big difference is tuition.The published price at Lewis and Clark is almost $34,000.Yet Lewis and Clark is one of the few American colleges to offer financial aid for international students. Each year it awards financial aid to twenty students from other countries.And it says the average award last year was 19,000 dollars.That would make Lewis and Clark cheaper for international students than the University of Oregon.But, of course, prices alone do not say anything about the quality of a school or the value of an education.We can conclude from the passage that the cost and the quality of a university are____.

Passage TwoWhat are the differences between public and private in American higher education? A big difference involves money. Public colleges and universities charge for an education just like private schools. But state schools cost less because they get money from the states that started them to educate local citizens. As a result, out-of-state and international students usually pay more than state residents, at least the first year.The state with the most residents, almost forty million, is California. Its systems of two-year and four-year colleges and universities are among the largest in the world. But the example we are going to focus on today is to the north of California,in a much smaller state on the West Coast：Oregon.The University of Oregon, located in Eugene, is one of the campuses in the Oregon University System.The cost for undergraduates this year is $6,000 for state residents.Housing is an additional $8,000. Non-residents pay the same for housing—but almost $20,000 for tuition and fees.Let’s see how these numbers compare to a private college in Oregon.Lewis and Clark College in Portland has 4, 000 students, compared to 20,000 at the University of Oregon.Housing costs $800 more than at the state school.But the big difference is tuition.The published price at Lewis and Clark is almost $34,000.Yet Lewis and Clark is one of the few American colleges to offer financial aid for international students. Each year it awards financial aid to twenty students from other countries.And it says the average award last year was 19,000 dollars.That would make Lewis and Clark cheaper for international students than the University of Oregon.But, of course, prices alone do not say anything about the quality of a school or the value of an education.The costs of tuition and housing in Lewis and Clark College are____

Passage TwoWhat are the differences between public and private in American higher education? A big difference involves money. Public colleges and universities charge for an education just like private schools. But state schools cost less because they get money from the states that started them to educate local citizens. As a result, out-of-state and international students usually pay more than state residents, at least the first year.The state with the most residents, almost forty million, is California. Its systems of two-year and four-year colleges and universities are among the largest in the world. But the example we are going to focus on today is to the north of California,in a much smaller state on the West Coast：Oregon.The University of Oregon, located in Eugene, is one of the campuses in the Oregon University System.The cost for undergraduates this year is $6,000 for state residents.Housing is an additional $8,000. Non-residents pay the same for housing—but almost $20,000 for tuition and fees.Let’s see how these numbers compare to a private college in Oregon.Lewis and Clark College in Portland has 4, 000 students, compared to 20,000 at the University of Oregon.Housing costs $800 more than at the state school.But the big difference is tuition.The published price at Lewis and Clark is almost $34,000.Yet Lewis and Clark is one of the few American colleges to offer financial aid for international students. Each year it awards financial aid to twenty students from other countries.And it says the average award last year was 19,000 dollars.That would make Lewis and Clark cheaper for international students than the University of Oregon.But, of course, prices alone do not say anything about the quality of a school or the value of an education.This year a foreign undergraduate student in the University of Oregon should pay____

Passage TwoWhat are the differences between public and private in American higher education? A big difference involves money. Public colleges and universities charge for an education just like private schools. But state schools cost less because they get money from the states that started them to educate local citizens. As a result, out-of-state and international students usually pay more than state residents, at least the first year.The state with the most residents, almost forty million, is California. Its systems of two-year and four-year colleges and universities are among the largest in the world. But the example we are going to focus on today is to the north of California,in a much smaller state on the West Coast：Oregon.The University of Oregon, located in Eugene, is one of the campuses in the Oregon University System.The cost for undergraduates this year is $6,000 for state residents.Housing is an additional $8,000. Non-residents pay the same for housing—but almost $20,000 for tuition and fees.Let’s see how these numbers compare to a private college in Oregon.Lewis and Clark College in Portland has 4, 000 students, compared to 20,000 at the University of Oregon.Housing costs $800 more than at the state school.But the big difference is tuition.The published price at Lewis and Clark is almost $34,000.Yet Lewis and Clark is one of the few American colleges to offer financial aid for international students. Each year it awards financial aid to twenty students from other countries.And it says the average award last year was 19,000 dollars.That would make Lewis and Clark cheaper for international students than the University of Oregon.But, of course, prices alone do not say anything about the quality of a school or the value of an education.According to the passage,the Oregon University System____.

Passage TwoWhat are the differences between public and private in American higher education? A big difference involves money. Public colleges and universities charge for an education just like private schools. But state schools cost less because they get money from the states that started them to educate local citizens. As a result, out-of-state and international students usually pay more than state residents, at least the first year.The state with the most residents, almost forty million, is California. Its systems of two-year and four-year colleges and universities are among the largest in the world. But the example we are going to focus on today is to the north of California,in a much smaller state on the West Coast：Oregon.The University of Oregon, located in Eugene, is one of the campuses in the Oregon University System.The cost for undergraduates this year is $6,000 for state residents.Housing is an additional $8,000. Non-residents pay the same for housing—but almost $20,000 for tuition and fees.Let’s see how these numbers compare to a private college in Oregon.Lewis and Clark College in Portland has 4, 000 students, compared to 20,000 at the University of Oregon.Housing costs $800 more than at the state school.But the big difference is tuition.The published price at Lewis and Clark is almost $34,000.Yet Lewis and Clark is one of the few American colleges to offer financial aid for international students. Each year it awards financial aid to twenty students from other countries.And it says the average award last year was 19,000 dollars.That would make Lewis and Clark cheaper for international students than the University of Oregon.But, of course, prices alone do not say anything about the quality of a school or the value of an education.One of the differences between public and private universities is____.

Passage OneThere is something hard to resist about cherries.The small red fruit is a popular seasonal food around the world. Cherries are thought to be native to western Asia.It is a member of the same family of plants as the rose.It is closely related to the plum.Like cherry trees,plum trees also flower in early spring.There are two major kinds of cherries harvested in the world：sweet and sour.Sour cherries are not eaten fresh because they contain little sugar. Instead, they are processed to make prepared foods like jellies and pies and to make alcoholic drinks. The United States is a major producer of sour cherries. Among the states, Michigan is the top producer.Russia,Poland and Turkey are other important cherry-producing nations.Sweet cherries contain much more sugar than their sour relatives and are usually eaten fresh. Washington State is the biggest American producer, followed by California and Oregon. The United States,Iran and Turkey are major producers of sweet cherries.Fresh cherries do not store well. They must reach market as soon as possible. So they cost more than many other kinds of fresh fruit.Farmers produce different kinds of cherries through the process of grafting(嫁接）.They take cuttings from existing trees and join them to related trees.The cuttings grow into the root stock,so the two kinds of trees grow as one.Cherry trees are also valued for their springtime blossoms. Cherry blossoms are popular in many parts of Asia and Europe,especially in Japan.But Washington,D.C.,has some of the most famous cherry trees in the world.Japan gave the United States 3,500 cherry trees in 1912 as a gift of friendship.Years later Japan gave another gift of 3,800 trees.In the early nineteen eighties,the United States provided Japan with cuttings to help replace Japanese trees lost in a flood.Some of the most famous cherry trees in Washington,D.C. ____

Passage OneThere is something hard to resist about cherries.The small red fruit is a popular seasonal food around the world. Cherries are thought to be native to western Asia.It is a member of the same family of plants as the rose.It is closely related to the plum.Like cherry trees,plum trees also flower in early spring.There are two major kinds of cherries harvested in the world：sweet and sour.Sour cherries are not eaten fresh because they contain little sugar. Instead, they are processed to make prepared foods like jellies and pies and to make alcoholic drinks. The United States is a major producer of sour cherries. Among the states, Michigan is the top producer.Russia,Poland and Turkey are other important cherry-producing nations.Sweet cherries contain much more sugar than their sour relatives and are usually eaten fresh. Washington State is the biggest American producer, followed by California and Oregon. The United States,Iran and Turkey are major producers of sweet cherries.Fresh cherries do not store well. They must reach market as soon as possible. So they cost more than many other kinds of fresh fruit.Farmers produce different kinds of cherries through the process of grafting(嫁接）.They take cuttings from existing trees and join them to related trees.The cuttings grow into the root stock,so the two kinds of trees grow as one.Cherry trees are also valued for their springtime blossoms. Cherry blossoms are popular in many parts of Asia and Europe,especially in Japan.But Washington,D.C.,has some of the most famous cherry trees in the world.Japan gave the United States 3,500 cherry trees in 1912 as a gift of friendship.Years later Japan gave another gift of 3,800 trees.In the early nineteen eighties,the United States provided Japan with cuttings to help replace Japanese trees lost in a flood.Fresh cherries are usually expensive in the market, because____