City Life in the Early 1900s① In the 1890s,electrie streetcars had replaced horse-drawn vehicles, and they ran above or below ground to avoid the crowded streets. After Henry Ford introduced his Model T car in 1908,people soon had to avoid getting hit by various kinds of vehicles. ② Many city people lived in apartment buildings then. Their buildings were four to six stories（层）high，with four apartments on each floor，and held two or three families in each apartment. And people just threw their garbage in the street. But laws were passed to stop it later on. ③ At that time， the newest invention in construction was the skyscraper（摩天大楼）. Advances in technology allowed people to build the Woolworth Building in 1913. It was the world's tallest building then. ④ On the streets，one might pass all sorts of newcomers（新来的人）to the city. Actually. more people lived in urban areas than rural ones for the first time in American history. Millions of immigrants poured into the cities, trying to get jobs and make a better life. The political leaders helped them out with jobs and food when they could. The labor shortage after 1914 also brought millions of blacks to the cities. There they faced a lot of discrimination. They lived in neglected and overcrowded sections like Harlem in New York City. The white middle-class used to live in those places before they moved to the suburbs. The blacks still did not have much political power, but it was beginning to grow. Task 116. Paragraph ①:17. Paragraph ②:18. Paragraph ③:19. Paragraph ④:20. Paragraph ⑤:A. The appearing of tall buildings B. Growth of urban population C. Discrimination against the blacks D. Transportation in the cityE. Development of the suburbs F. Apartment buildings in the city Task 221. Streetcars which replaced horse-drawn vehicles _______22. Many apartment buildings _______23. Laws were passed to stop people from_______24. Political leaders helped immigrants solve their _______25. Many white people left places like Harlem and moved toA. the suburbsB. food and job problems C. living in neglected sections D. ran above or below ground E. throwing garbage in the street F. were four to six stories high

Attitude Is EverythingPeople want to achieve their greatest potentials. One of the most important steps they can take is to learn to monitor their attitudes. I generally start my workshops by asking this question: What attitude have you brought to this meeting? This often brings puzzled looks. People know if they are hungry or if their feet hurt. 26 _______Actually, attitude is everything. It governs the way you see the world and the way the world sees you. 27 _______ We can choose self-encouragement and self-motivation, or self-defeat and self-pity. It is a power we all have. Each of us encounters（道遇）hard times. The key is to realize it is not what happens that matters; it is how we choose to respond. Our minds are computers that can be programmed. Our inner dialogue is the software that programs our attitudes. 28 _______ We have control over the programming. The loudest voice we hear is our inner voice. It can work for or against us. 29 _______ It can wear us down or cheer us on. We need to take responsibility for and exercise control over our inner conversation. Bad attitudes are usually the result of negative emotional experience. 30 _______ It takes efforts to examine the roots of a harmful attitude, but the rewards can last a lifetime. A. We all have a choice. B. However , they usually do not pay attention to their attitude. C. It can be optimistic or pessimistic. D. The information could be completely wrong. E. They are often caused by stress, fear, and anger. F. Such dialogue determines how we present ourselves to the world.

My Father the TravelerMy dad loves to travel. When I was young, my dad 31_______ a trip to Portugal. My mom and dad had a wonderful32_______ in Europe. It was their first trip abroad. My parents 33 _______ in love with traveling, and began taking many vacations. They 34 _______ enjoyed island sights. When my mom passed away 35 _______at the age of 51, everyone36 _______ about my dad. What would he do without her? My parents had been high school sweethearts. My dad 37_______ us all by continuing to explore the world. It is 38 _______ to keep track of which continent my dad is in, let alone which country! One day, I hope my dad sits down for 39 _______ to write about his 40 _______ ,I am sure he has great stories that I have never heard!A. fellB. mainlyC. timeD. journeysE. suddenlyF. colorG. wonH. beautifulI. difficultJ. surprisedK. longL. worried

The Dog PearlIn early 2008, the life of Pearl went _terribly (terrible) wrong, That was because she found herself homeless in an animal shelter. She became very 41 _______(happy). But soon after , her life improved42 _______ (great)when volunteers from the National Disaster Search Dog Foundation rescued her. They gave her 43 _______(train)to be a search dog. In July 2008, she was matched up with her 44 _______ (own), Ron Horetski . In January 2010 their 45_______ (relation)proved to be a life-saving one. That month ,a major earthquake struck Haiti, Ron and Pearl46_______ (join)hundreds of others in an effort to rescue survivors（幸存者）of the disaster. 47_______ (Work) very hard, Pearl succeeded in rescuing twelve 48 _______(child)!Today, Pearl 49 _______ (continue) in her search and rescue efforts, She gives each person she finds the gift of a saved life, just as it was 50 _______ (give)to her.

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Babies Are Good Language LearnersIt is hard to know what babies want. They can't talk, walk, or even point at what they want. Yet newborns begin to develop language skills long before they begin speaking. And, compared with adults, they develop these skils quickly. People have a hard time learning new languages as they grow older, but infants have the ability to learn any language easily.Most babies go “goo goo” and “ma ma” by the time they are six months old. And most children speak in full sentences by the age of three. For decades, scientists have wondered how the brains of young children figure out how to communicate by using language. With help from new technologies and research strategies, scientists now find that babies begin life with the ability to learn any language.They come into contact with other people, listen to what they say and watch their movements very closely. That is why they quickly master the languages they hear most often.Studies show that, up to about six months, babies can recognize all the sounds that make up al the languages in the world. There are about 6,000 sounds that are spoken in languages all over the world, but not every language uses every sound. For example, English uses eight vowel(元音) sounds, and Japanese uses just five. Starting at around six months old, a baby's brain focuses on the most common sounds it hears. Then children begin responding only to the sounds of the language they hear the most.In a similar way, older babies start recognizing the patterns that make up the rules of their native language. In English, for example, when children are about eighteen months old, they start to figure out that words ending in “-ing” or “-ed” are usually verbs, and that verbs are action words.1. Babies begin to develop language skills as they begin to speak.

Babies Are Good Language LearnersIt is hard to know what babies want. They can't talk, walk, or even point at what they want. Yet newborns begin to develop language skills long before they begin speaking. And, compared with adults, they develop these skils quickly. People have a hard time learning new languages as they grow older, but infants have the ability to learn any language easily.Most babies go “goo goo” and “ma ma” by the time they are six months old. And most children speak in full sentences by the age of three. For decades, scientists have wondered how the brains of young children figure out how to communicate by using language. With help from new technologies and research strategies, scientists now find that babies begin life with the ability to learn any language.They come into contact with other people, listen to what they say and watch their movements very closely. That is why they quickly master the languages they hear most often.Studies show that, up to about six months, babies can recognize all the sounds that make up al the languages in the world. There are about 6,000 sounds that are spoken in languages all over the world, but not every language uses every sound. For example, English uses eight vowel(元音) sounds, and Japanese uses just five. Starting at around six months old, a baby's brain focuses on the most common sounds it hears. Then children begin responding only to the sounds of the language they hear the most.In a similar way, older babies start recognizing the patterns that make up the rules of their native language. In English, for example, when children are about eighteen months old, they start to figure out that words ending in “-ing” or “-ed” are usually verbs, and that verbs are action words.2. Infants go through a hard time when starting to learn a language.

Babies Are Good Language LearnersIt is hard to know what babies want. They can't talk, walk, or even point at what they want. Yet newborns begin to develop language skills long before they begin speaking. And, compared with adults, they develop these skils quickly. People have a hard time learning new languages as they grow older, but infants have the ability to learn any language easily.Most babies go “goo goo” and “ma ma” by the time they are six months old. And most children speak in full sentences by the age of three. For decades, scientists have wondered how the brains of young children figure out how to communicate by using language. With help from new technologies and research strategies, scientists now find that babies begin life with the ability to learn any language.They come into contact with other people, listen to what they say and watch their movements very closely. That is why they quickly master the languages they hear most often.Studies show that, up to about six months, babies can recognize all the sounds that make up al the languages in the world. There are about 6,000 sounds that are spoken in languages all over the world, but not every language uses every sound. For example, English uses eight vowel(元音) sounds, and Japanese uses just five. Starting at around six months old, a baby's brain focuses on the most common sounds it hears. Then children begin responding only to the sounds of the language they hear the most.In a similar way, older babies start recognizing the patterns that make up the rules of their native language. In English, for example, when children are about eighteen months old, they start to figure out that words ending in “-ing” or “-ed” are usually verbs, and that verbs are action words.3. Most children speak in full sentences before they are three.

Babies Are Good Language LearnersIt is hard to know what babies want. They can't talk, walk, or even point at what they want. Yet newborns begin to develop language skills long before they begin speaking. And, compared with adults, they develop these skils quickly. People have a hard time learning new languages as they grow older, but infants have the ability to learn any language easily.Most babies go “goo goo” and “ma ma” by the time they are six months old. And most children speak in full sentences by the age of three. For decades, scientists have wondered how the brains of young children figure out how to communicate by using language. With help from new technologies and research strategies, scientists now find that babies begin life with the ability to learn any language.They come into contact with other people, listen to what they say and watch their movements very closely. That is why they quickly master the languages they hear most often.Studies show that, up to about six months, babies can recognize all the sounds that make up al the languages in the world. There are about 6,000 sounds that are spoken in languages all over the world, but not every language uses every sound. For example, English uses eight vowel(元音) sounds, and Japanese uses just five. Starting at around six months old, a baby's brain focuses on the most common sounds it hears. Then children begin responding only to the sounds of the language they hear the most.In a similar way, older babies start recognizing the patterns that make up the rules of their native language. In English, for example, when children are about eighteen months old, they start to figure out that words ending in “-ing” or “-ed” are usually verbs, and that verbs are action words.4. Scientists are curious about how young children deal with figures.

Babies Are Good Language LearnersIt is hard to know what babies want. They can't talk, walk, or even point at what they want. Yet newborns begin to develop language skills long before they begin speaking. And, compared with adults, they develop these skils quickly. People have a hard time learning new languages as they grow older, but infants have the ability to learn any language easily.Most babies go “goo goo” and “ma ma” by the time they are six months old. And most children speak in full sentences by the age of three. For decades, scientists have wondered how the brains of young children figure out how to communicate by using language. With help from new technologies and research strategies, scientists now find that babies begin life with the ability to learn any language.They come into contact with other people, listen to what they say and watch their movements very closely. That is why they quickly master the languages they hear most often.Studies show that, up to about six months, babies can recognize all the sounds that make up al the languages in the world. There are about 6,000 sounds that are spoken in languages all over the world, but not every language uses every sound. For example, English uses eight vowel(元音) sounds, and Japanese uses just five. Starting at around six months old, a baby's brain focuses on the most common sounds it hears. Then children begin responding only to the sounds of the language they hear the most.In a similar way, older babies start recognizing the patterns that make up the rules of their native language. In English, for example, when children are about eighteen months old, they start to figure out that words ending in “-ing” or “-ed” are usually verbs, and that verbs are action words.5. Scientists have found that the ability to learn a language comes with birth.