No matter whether business negotiation is conducted orally or by way of writing,transaction is considered concluded once an offer or a counter-offer is accepted.That is to say,a legitimate contract can be either in written or oral form.In business practice,however,a written contract is generally prepared and signed as the proof of the agreement and as the basis for its execution.

没有可保利益的保险合同是无效的，任何根据这类合同提出的索赔都不会被受理。

现代信用证在19世纪后半叶开始采用，在第一次世界大战后得到了实质性的发展。

信用证的形式、长短、语言和规定都各不相同。

为处理国际贸易中的不同情形，各种支付方法便发展了起来。

国民生产总值和国内生产总值是表明一国收入的两个重要概念。

barrier to trade

middle man

unload

terms of trade