Passage 1China’s cautious approach to foreign borrowing is to be maintained, at least for the time being. The debt problems confronting a number of developing countries have reinforced China’s determination to introduce foreign technology by means of direct investment and concessionary finance rather than by raising substantial sums of money on the international capital markets. Foreign investment is advantageous insofar as it facilitates the transfer of technology and skills and avoids creating an overhang of debt. The authorities do not consider it appropriate to incur large amounts of external debt until a number of practical bottlenecks in the economy, such as an inadequate transport network and energy constraints, have been tackle.D. China’s access to substantial sums of money from the World Bank also reduces the need to borrow on commercial terms.37.What does “borrow on commercial terms” imply here?

Passage 1China’s cautious approach to foreign borrowing is to be maintained, at least for the time being. The debt problems confronting a number of developing countries have reinforced China’s determination to introduce foreign technology by means of direct investment and concessionary finance rather than by raising substantial sums of money on the international capital markets. Foreign investment is advantageous insofar as it facilitates the transfer of technology and skills and avoids creating an overhang of debt. The authorities do not consider it appropriate to incur large amounts of external debt until a number of practical bottlenecks in the economy, such as an inadequate transport network and energy constraints, have been tackle.D. China’s access to substantial sums of money from the World Bank also reduces the need to borrow on commercial terms.38.Why does China prefer loans from the World Bank?

Passage 2Major investment is going into the Dubai-based Emirates airline, which added four new destinations last summer—Rome, Zurich, Paris and Jakarta—and on 14 April started operations to Dhahran, its 31st destination. 【Emirates】 now employs almost 3,500 staff, making it one of Dubai’s largest employers. Soon, $2,000 million in financing will have to be arranged for the next phase of development, which will cover deliveries from 1996 to 2000. Firm orders have been placed for seven Boeing 777s with Rolls Royce engines and there is an option on a further seven.39.What is meant by “Dubai-based”?

Passage 2Major investment is going into the Dubai-based Emirates airline, which added four new destinations last summer—Rome, Zurich, Paris and Jakarta—and on 14 April started operations to Dhahran, its 31st destination. 【Emirates】 now employs almost 3,500 staff, making it one of Dubai’s largest employers. Soon, $2,000 million in financing will have to be arranged for the next phase of development, which will cover deliveries from 1996 to 2000. Firm orders have been placed for seven Boeing 777s with Rolls Royce engines and there is an option on a further seven.40.What does the underlined word “Emirates” stand for here?

Passage 2Major investment is going into the Dubai-based Emirates airline, which added four new destinations last summer—Rome, Zurich, Paris and Jakarta—and on 14 April started operations to Dhahran, its 31st destination. 【Emirates】 now employs almost 3,500 staff, making it one of Dubai’s largest employers. Soon, $2,000 million in financing will have to be arranged for the next phase of development, which will cover deliveries from 1996 to 2000. Firm orders have been placed for seven Boeing 777s with Rolls Royce engines and there is an option on a further seven.41.What does “which” represent in the second paragraph?

In matters relating to the environment, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro, produced an “Earth Charter,” or declaration of basic principles for the conduct of nations and peoples with respect to environment and development; agreements on special legal measures, including conventions on climate change and biodiversity, and principles for a framework agreement on forests; and an agenda for action, establishing the environmental work program agreed by the international community for the period beyond 1992 and into the 21th century.

Every year, Thomson Reuters draws up a list of potential 【nominees】 for the economics, medicine, chemistry and physics prizes.

The United States’s debt crisis has reached a stalemate due to the two parities refusing to make a 【compromise】 over their preferred debt reduction plans.

Yiwu has become a shopping paradise for tourists from all over the world with its 【bewildering】 range of cheap, quality merchandise.

Researchers have debated whether economic and environmental regulations 【unduly】 burden small businesses.