Discovery of penicillin is probably the most important medical 【breakthrough】 last century.

Foreign tourist enterprises and other service industry are not 【entitled】 to any special status.

Building the Special Economic Zone from 【scratch】 can be both exciting and challenging.

The goverment cannot tolerate 【run-down】 in its export and will carry out more active economic policies.

Foreign investment 【plays a major role in】 China's economy development.

Environment problems are 【exacerbated】 in this district by polluted air from the chemical factory.

China's export increased at an average rate of nearly 20% 【per annum】 in 1980s.

The country's international reserves are managed by the Bank of China which 【specializes】 in foreign exchange business.

It is difficult for those poorest African countries to 【disburse】 the loan borrowed from the World Bank.

Passage 1China's Economic Role Is BurgeoningFor Japanese businesses grappling with the strong yen,China is especially attractive. Japan's domestic market is sagging, and yen-based costs are pricing its exports too high. China offers a thriving market and a cheap production base. Nearly one of every 10 yen that Japanese companies invest this year will end up in China, by one estimates. The latest move: Akai Electric Co. pledged $230 million for 81% of a Hong Kong company that is South China's biggest maker of consumer electronic goods. It then laid off 40% of its Japanese workforce.China's market could grow even more important, and not just to Asia.Deputy U.S. Trade Representative Charlene Barshevsky, in recent testimony to Congress, noted that although Sino-American trade surged to $40 billion last year from only $2 billion when Beijing began its economic reforms in 1979, trade in some areas, notably services, is still closed.To be sure, China's trade expansion hasn't been smooth.This year, Beijing averted U.S sanctions by settling a dispute over copyright and patent protection. And China will also open its market further to meet global standards.42.The strong yen had negative influences on Japan's export.