大红肾(large red kidney)

大白肾(large white kidney)

肾病综合征(nephrotic syndrome)

急性肾炎综合征(acute nephritic syndrome)

肺出血肾炎综合征(Goodpasture’s syndrome)

继发性颗粒性固缩肾(secondary granular and contracted kidney)

肾小球肾炎(glomerulonephritis)

肾盂肾炎(pyelonephritis)

上行性感染的肾盂肾炎(upward infectious pyelonephritis)

下行性(血源性)感染的肾盂肾炎(downward infectious pyelonephritis)